EL DISCURSO POLÍTICO EN LA MATERIALIZACIÓN DEL DOMINIO SOCIAL Y ESPACIAL EN CHIAPAS

Con el presente documento se pretende exponer y mostrar, a partir de un análisis critico, cómo el neoliberalismo es un proceso eminentemente “espacio-temporal” que busca evitar las crisis de sobreproducción y sobreacumulación establecidas por Marx. Para ello es necesario que el poder político, en tanto poder de clase, materialice su ideología dominante en estructuras espaciales que permitan un determinado nivel de control social. Entendiendo que el control político precede necesariamente al control económico. En este sentido, considero que el proyecto denominado “Ciudades Rurales Sustentables” forma parte de toda una serie de lo que llamo “mecanismos espaciales” que tienen la finalidad de configurar espacios de dominación y control social, como una forma de ordenamiento de los recursos naturales y particularmente sociales (concentración de mano de obra, evitar la dispersión poblacional, evitar resistencias sociales en contra de prácticas productivas de PEMEX y CFE, etc.) que al mismo tiempo permitan el vencimiento de las limitaciones físicas y temporales que impiden que el capital y las mercancías se movilicen fácilmente. Es decir, el capital busca en todo momento la reproducción constante del régimen de acumulación capitalista.  

The effect of gender context on children's social behaviour in a limited resources situation : an observational study

Knowing when to compete and when to cooperate to maximize opportunities for equal access to activities and materials in groups is critical to children's social and cognitive development. The present study examined the individual (gender, social competence) and contextual factors (gender context) that may determine why some children are more successful than others. One hundred and fifty-six children (M age=6.5 years) were divided into 39 groups of four and videotaped while engaged in a task that required them to cooperate in order to view cartoons. Children within all groups were unfamiliar to one another. Groups varied in gender composition (all girls, all boys, or mixed-sex) and social competence (high vs. low). Group composition by gender interaction effects were found. Girls were most successful at gaining viewing time in same-sex groups, and least successful in mixed-sex groups. Conversely, boys were least successful in same-sex groups and most successful in mixed-sex groups. Similar results were also found at the group level of analysis; however, the way in which the resources were distributed differed as a function of group type. Same-sex girl groups were inequitable but efficient whereas same-sex boy groups were more equitable than mixed groups but inefficient compared to same-sex girl groups. Social competence did not influence children's behavior. The findings from the present study highlight the effect of gender context on cooperation and competition and the relevance of adopting an unfamiliar peer paradigm when investigating children's social behavior.