Hist��ria da matem��tica na forma����o do professor: dificuldades e sugest��es

This work is the result of a study that aimed to start scoring difficulties that the math teacher is trying to get a historical formation. Considering that the textbook is the material with which the teacher has more contact, start with reading historical texts present in these books. Choose a theme and choose from that we observed limitations ranging from the search for sources of research in relation to the actual historical content. There are many studies that show the importance of the history of mathematics in teacher education and also in the teaching and learning of mathematics. These works , in particular the work of Feliciano (2008 ) entitled : " The use of history of mathematics in the classroom " , along with the information , experiences and opinions given by Professor Anderson Lu��s de Azevedo Paulo , in some meetings , point to need for materials for teaching , since they show that recognizes the importance of this knowledge and the ability to use it in the classroom , but several factors have pushed aside , even the texts present in textbooks. From the analysis of some of the work and contributions of Professor Anderson Paulo we pointed out some of the factors that make historical texts being ignored by teachers and among them are characteristics in appearance and content in the text. To assist in the preparation of materials that meet the expectations of the teacher, we present a manual with suggestions and / or features to choose or produce a good text. These suggestions can make the history books more enjoyable and thus approach the teacher of historical knowledge and later encouraged to seek, in fact, a historical formation

Teoria hist��rico-cultural e suas implica����es na atua����o do professor de educa����o f��sica escolar

This article presents a theoretical search and aims to introduce the main categories of historical-cultural theory and discuss its implications for the physical education teacher's work inside the school and also emphasizes this theory and its methodological proposal as an important way to build the scholar physical education in a critical perspective aiming to change the school and the students conscious and personality. The Vigotskian school of human development it is taken as an important reference to understand the scholars in their vital process of development and helps the teachers in general, and physical education teachers in specific, to consider the activity ( vital activity) as important instrument to get the humanization and liberty of human being, inside the school and inside the contemporary society.

O portf��lio na forma����o inicial do professor reflexivo de ingl��s como l��ngua estrangeira: uma an��lise sist��mico-funcional

This research deals with the insertion of the portfolio as a resource to the development of the reflective action in training teachers of English as a Foreign Language (EFL). Its goal is to characterize linguistic marks that show the reflective process in learning narratives collected in portfolios following the considerations of the ideational metafunction of the Systemic-Functional Grammar (SFG) by Halliday (1994). Within the scope of analysis offered by SFG, the system of transitivity was chosen attempting to observe and study the lexicogrammatical choices made by participants to produce their learning narratives. The corpus was composed of twenty-six learning narratives produced by thirteen participants into two distinct modules, designated here as "First Assessment" and "Final Assessment. The analysis were performed using procedures related to Corpus Linguistics, with the aid of the computer resource WordSmith Tools 5.0 (Scott, 1999). The results seems to indicate that preservice teachers, when asked to reflect on activities written on the classroom, use in their narratives a significant majority of mental processes instead of material processes that are common in narratives from other nature. Meanwhile, the use of a portfolio in teacher training in EFL, can be considered as a trigger reflection tool, which allows future teachers' effective monitoring of all their learning process

A organiza����o da intera����o professor-aluno em sala de aula: turnos e o par pergunta-resposta

Este trabalho tem como foco principal a intera����o em sala de aula, especificando aspectos da organiza����o lingu��stico-discursiva, na produ����o conjunta da fala da professora e dos alunos, materializada em turnos, ressaltando o par pergunta-resposta na aula de L��ngua Portuguesa. Para alcan��armos esse objetivo, inspiramo-nos em alguns trabalhos acerca da organiza����o da intera����o que adotaram a perspectiva dos estudos interacionais e a abordagem etnogr��fica, a fim de explicitar o conhecimento nos espa��os de ensino e aprendizagem. Entre eles, citamos as pesquisas de Galv��o (1996, 2004) e de Mat��ncio (2001). Nessa dire����o, descrevemos o processo de intera����o em sala de aula em uma escola p��blica, analisando e interpretando as a����es de linguagem realizadas pela professora e pelos alunos. Teoricamente, embasamo-nos, principalmente, na An��lise da Conversa����o, ancorando-nos no estudo pioneiro de Sacks, Schegloff e Jefferson ([1974] 2003); nos postulados de Marcuschi ([1986] 2007a); nas pesquisas de Kerbrat-Orecchioni (2006), dentre outros. Explicitamos uma tipologia de perguntas e respostas em sala de aula, quanto �� sua forma e fun����o, conforme os postulados te��ricos de Stubbs (1987), Ara��jo (2003), F��vero, Andrade e Aquino (2006), Silva (2006) e Koshik (2010). Analisamos a organiza����o da tomada de turno, seguida de uma investiga����o sobre perguntas e respostas no discurso desenvolvido face a face. Na tentativa de compreendermos o cotidiano dos envolvidos no cen��rio de sala de aula, adotamos a abordagem etnogr��fica e o m��todo indutivo, nas perspectivas de Andr�� (2010) e Chizzotti (2006). Os dados foram gerados atrav��s de pesquisa de campo, por meio de grava����es (em ��udio) de aulas de L��ngua Portuguesa, posteriormente transcritas e transformadas no corpus de pesquisa. As an��lises demonstraram que a intera����o entre professora e alunos organizou-se em trocas de turnos, na maioria das vezes, controladas pela professora, evidenciando-se uma rela����o de assimetria entre os participantes. Esses turnos concretizados, geralmente, no par adjacente pergunta-resposta revelaram como a constru����o do conhecimento se realiza em sala de aula. Por fim, observamos que a intera����o em sala de aula de L��ngua Portuguesa �� organizada por aspectos sociais e pedag��gicos intrinsecamente imbricados

Eensino de l��ngua portuguesa: da forma����o do professor �� sala de aula

La reflexi��n cr��tica sobre la escuela y los quehaceres docentes ha favorecido la producci��n y la sistematizaci��n de nuevos saberes basados en fundamentos cient��ficos, principalmente sobre las pr��cticas pedag��gicas. En la ense��anza de Lengua Portuguesa, las investigaciones buscan comprender lo qu�� y c��mo se ense��a y se aprende durante la escolarizaci��n. En esa perspectiva, realizamos un estudio sobre la formaci��n del profesor de Lengua Portuguesa y sus implicaciones en la clase, buscando observar la actuaci��n de los alumnos-maestros en el contexto escolar, durante la realizaci��n de las Pr��cticas. Para tanto, elegimos como objetivo general, investigar c��mo la carrera de Filolog��a de la UFRN/CERES/Campus de Currais Novos promov��a la formaci��n de futuros profesores para atender a las expectativas de las pol��ticas p��blicas para la ense��anza de Lengua Materna. Como referencial te��rico, estudiamos los PCN, el proyecto pol��tico pedag��gico de la carrera y autores del ��rea de ense��anza de Lengua Portuguesa y de Educaci��n, entre ellos, Geraldi (1996), Travaglia (1996, 2003), Antunes (2003, 2007, 2009 y 2010), Lomas (2003), Figueiredo (2005), Marcuschi (2001, 2008), Oliveira (2010), Riolfi et al. (2008), Possenti (2003), Alarc��o (1996, 2001) Imbern��n (2011), Pimenta y Lima (2010) y Sch��n (1993). El estudio est�� situado en el ��mbito de la Ling����stica Aplicada y se caracteriza como investigaci��n cualitativa de naturaleza interpretativista, a partir de un abordaje de inspiraci��n etnogr��fica del ambiente de las Pr��cticas. En los resultados constatamos que los alumnos-maestros privilegian la ense��anza prescriptiva, fundamentado en una concepci��n de lengua como sistema, direccionando la ense��anza de la lengua para la direcci��n contraria al abordaje funcionalista (lengua / uso), distanci��ndose considerablemente de la propuesta de formar un alumno cr��tico y agente de transformaci��n. Respecto a la visi��n de los alumnos-maestros sobre la carrera, fueron listadas algunas cuestiones relevantes, entre ellas, los contenidos que hacen parte de la carrera, la distribuci��n de la carga horaria de los componentes curriculares, la revisi��n de las ementas, la oferta de asignaturas de inclusi��n social, la reorganizaci��n de las actividades de la pr��ctica en relaci��n al acompa��amiento y orientaci��n a los alumnos-maestros y, especialmente, la desarticulaci��n teor��a / pr��ctica que fue considerada como responsable por muchas de las dificultades encontradas por los referidos alumnos en la fase de regencia de clase en la ense��anza de Lengua Portuguesa en los niveles de ense��anza fundamental y media. De ese modo, a partir del an��lisis de estos significados construidos por los alumnos-maestros sobre el proceso de formaci��n en esa carrera de Letras, constatamos la necesidad de una revisi��n del proyecto de la carrera, pues ��ste presenta esas fragilidades que necesitan ser analizadas en funci��n de la mejor��a de la calidad de la ense��anza de la graduaci��n

Manual do professor, muito prazer em (re)conhec��-lo! Uma an��lise sociorretorica do g��nero

Esta pesquisa de natureza documental e etnogr��fica se insere no campo da Lingu��stica Aplicada, tendo por objeto de estudo o Manual do Professor, que acompanha o livro did��tico de L��ngua Portuguesa, e por objetivo geral (re)conhecer os aspectos sociorret��ricos do g��nero Manual do Professor. O interesse desta tese est�� concentrado no uso situado desse g��nero, a partir do qual se observam seus aspectos sociorret��ricos, a saber: o que est�� posto no produto, o ambiente de intera����o onde �� encontrado e como �� visto por seus usu��rios em potencial. Em um primeiro momento, produzimos um quadro epistemol��gico que nos permitiu, dentre outros reparos, (i) compreender g��nero textual como a����o ret��rica tipificada baseada numa situa����o ret��rica recorrente e (ii) obter um panorama dos programas de governo voltados para a avalia����o de colet��neas did��ticas, nos quais encontramos aspectos indispens��veis a um Manual do Professor. Os aportes te��ricos adotados neste estudo referem-se �� concep����o sociorret��rica dos estudos de g��nero textual �� luz, sobretudo, de Johns et al. (2006), Bazerman (2011) e Miller (2011). Em um segundo momento, sob o vi��s da abordagem sociorret��rica, procuramos definir o Manual do Professor como g��nero textual e apresentamos os aspectos ret��ricos encontrados nas amostras que analisamos, considerando a organiza����o constitutiva, o contexto de uso desse g��nero e as percep����es de seus usu��rios autores e professores. A gera����o de dados deu-se inicialmente a partir da sele����o de tr��s exemplares de Manuais de colet��neas did��ticas adotadas no IFRN; em seguida, no sentido de reconhecer as percep����es dos usu��rios desse g��nero, realizamos grupo focal com professores e entrevistamos o coautor de uma das colet��neas. Para an��lise dos dados, elegemos o m��todo etnogr��fico de an��lise de g��neros postulado por Reiff (apud JOHNS et al, 2006), que nos permitiu analisar o objeto de estudo em contextos aut��nticos de uso do g��nero. Nossos resultados mostram que o Manual do Professor est�� inserido num sistema de g��neros e no sistema de atividades profissionais de dom��nio do professor e n��o se limita apenas a explicar como est�� organizado o livro did��tico do aluno. Outros sete prop��sitos foram observados, dentre os quais se encontram: possibilitar ao docente uma reflex��o sobre a sua pr��tica de ensino e sugerir caminhos para a melhoria do processo de ensino-aprendizagem. Acreditamos que esta pesquisa poder�� estimular professores, em rela����o �� import��ncia (e n��o obrigatoriedade) de consultas peri��dicas aos Manuais; autores, no que se refere a estabelecer uma interlocu����o mais pessoalizada com seus leitores em potencial e no sentido de esclarecer ainda mais as facetas do livro did��tico; e editoras, sobretudo no que tange a recursos de editora����o, para que o Manual do Professor se torne mais atrativo

A ���forma����o do professor��� e seus sentidos em 23 Anos do Bolema: 1985-2007

We present results of research aiming to identify and analyze the meanings of teacher education in papers published over 23 years of Bolema, from 1985 to 2007. Specifically, we analyzed what the authors of the articles understood as teacher education and how they approached it in their projects, research, and interventions. We found that teacher education is characterized: by means of the definition of teacher education, its objectives and functions; from what is expected of the teacher at the end of the education process; from the disciplinary and/or pedagogical contents proposed in courses; from the practical activities proposed; through suggestions of courses and their curricular structures; from reflections on its limitations and possibilities.

Limites do ensino de dan��a na forma����o do professor de Educa����o F��sica

The dance is one of the cultural content of body movement. But it is known, by means of literature and researches, that the training of teachers of Physical Education has submitted this content limits, damaging their future education in schools. This article discusses these limits and their possible solutions, ruled itself for both in literature and analysis on data collected in search of the Masters PEREIRA (2007). In this analysis it was felt that the dance is little in this Fitness because of graduate students have little experience inside and outside the school environment, because many parents, teachers and students have to dance with prejudice, and because do not feel prepared to deal with this content in schools. It appears that this may be due to the hegemony of sports in physical education, and some misunderstandings when you think the goals and content of dance in physical education.

PROFESSOR E PROFESSOR DE MATEM��TICA: DAS INFORMA����ES QUE SE TEM ACERCA da FORMA����O QUE SE ESPERA

O presente artigo faz um levantamento da bibliografia dispon��vel acerca da forma����o de professores em cursos de licenciatura, iniciando com um tratamento hermen��utico ao termo forma����o, passando pela atual situa����o dos docentes no estado de S��o Paulo. Caracteriza a constitui����o das institui����es formadoras e levanta aspectos convergentes em rela����o ao tratamento do tema na literatura. Finalmente s��o feitas considera����es espec��ficas sobre a forma����o dos professores em cursos de Licenciatura em Matem��tica.

Avalia����o de Intera����es entre Professor e Alunos na Educa����o Matem��tica: ensino e aprendizagem de recursos pedag��gicos

The aim of this paper is to discuss the teachers' need, as autonomous professionals, to evaluate their own pratice. Considering that Descriptive Functional Analysis (DFA) may be a pedagogical method for analysis, implementation, and change of teachers' mathematics teaching practices, the objective of the present research was to teach repertoires compatible with DFA to two mathematics teachers in elementary schools of S��o Paulo state. When teachers are responsible for evaluation and self evaluation, they recognize themselves as fundamental agents of transformation in education.

A influ��ncia do discurso do professor na motiva����o e na intera����o social em sala de aula

Estudos t��m mostrado a import��ncia das intera����es sociais desencadeadas em sala de aula como fundamentais para a aprendizagem dos alunos. Contudo, o professor deve ser capaz de motivar os estudantes para se envolverem mais ativamente com as atividades de ensino propostas. Este artigo apresenta os resultados de uma investiga����o sobre as intera����es sociais desenvolvidas no contexto de uma sala de aula do Ensino M��dio, que explicou os princ��pios da conserva����o da energia mec��nica com uma aula experimental de demonstra����o. O principal objetivo era entender como o discurso do professor pode contribuir para o bom n��vel de motiva����o do aluno durante uma aula. As entrevistas com professor e alunos e todo o processo de intera����o durante as atividades foram gravados, transcritos e analisados . Os resultados ressaltam a import��ncia da abordagem discursiva dos professores para manter o processo de motiva����o entre os alunos.

Atividade do professor na educa����o a dist��ncia: intera����es com o g��nero profissional docente

This research aimed to analyze the dynamics established between the activity of the teacher in Distance Education (DE) and professional gender of teaching, in terms of impact of DE in teacher s usual professional activity. Previous studies showed that one of the central discussions concerning DE refers to the role that the teacher is called to perform. The present research, based on theoretical and methodological assumptions issued from Clinic of Activity, analyzed the impact referred above. This central aim was operationally executed along three main stages: 1) survey study for description of socio-professional profile of teachers working in DE in two universities from Natal (RN-Brazil), 2) clinical analysis of professional activity of teachers working in DE, taking into account four simultaneous levels of psychological constitution and development of human activity: personal, interpersonal, transpersonal and impersonal; 3) analytical focus on transpersonal context in order to understand the influence of pedagogical practice in DE on professional gender of teaching. Documental research, audio recorded voice data and a multiple choice Likert scale questionnaire concerning socio-professional information were used as procedural tools. The qualitative-clinical procedural tool of instruction to the double , firstly proposed by Clinic of Activity research group, was used in order to obtain oral productions concerning professional activity. Data issued from stage 1 (n=70, 28 men and 41 women) was submitted to descriptive and inferential statistical analyzes. 65.7% of the sample worked in a public institution, 30% in a private institution, and 4.3% in public and private institutions. 31.4% of the sample of participants was formed by teachers having a master degree, 28.6% were doctors and 26.3% had degrees of specialists. 54.3% of participants acted as remote tutor, and 44.3% were regents teachers. After descriptive multidimensional cluster analysis, two groups emerged (remote tutors and regents teachers), the most important variables in terms of contributions to this distinction being: professional function, level of graduate formation, level of income, activities and forms of entry in DE. Clinical analysis of data produced by two participant-teachers of each group, issued from instruction to the double technique, was performed. This analysis indicated the existence of different models of distance education. A general concern referring to the need of both taking into account information technology and pedagogical attitudes was detected. On the other hand, participant-teachers considered that participation in DE activities could bring relevant contributions to general professional gender of teaching. . Finally, teachers warned against certain formats of organization of teachers professional activity, as found in the domain of DE, since these activities could promote the intensification and individualization of teachers` work activity, and even the worsening of relations, rather than exchanges and shares through collective bargaining. This process could compromise the renew of the professional gender, by losing its historical roots and diminishing activity possibilities of teachers in their labor context

A inclus��o escolar da subjetividade do professor �� constitui����o de um lugar de aluno

The move to include students with special needs (NEE) in the schools presents a paradigm that raises continual discussion about how to implement this proposal. Considering that learning is built from the weaving of socially constructed knowledge and the field of knowledge concerning subjectivity, this research explores the difficulties that occur with the later in the process of inclusion in the schools. Admittedly, the promise implicit in the school does not guarantee that the student learn, but the envisioning of this learning, when the student s educator discredits him, is such that the person is then not taken on as an actual student, being excluded from the transmission of knowledge, even within the school. The project implemented at the Instituto Educacional Casa Escola IECE, for the last three years, shows us that the possibility and sustainability of this envisioning is intimately linked to the subjectivity of the educator, as well as how one relates to the institutional culture. We question then, how this perspective is formed in the educator this perspective capable of denying the offer of a place as student, allowing him to advance while learning. With this in mind, we explore the paradoxical elements present in the paradigm of inclusion, as well as analyzing theoretically, through the body of conceptual psychoanalysis, the process of subjective constitution. We intend to bring to light how this process coincides with the construction of the educator s perspective of exemption from teaching the special needs students. We question, through the formative functions of subjective structuring (The Mirror Stage and the Oedipus Complex), how to form a perspective capable of promoting inclusion of special needs students in educators. Finally, we show how it is possible to bring to light, with the concepts of the I ideal and the ideal I, the subjective difficulties in the practicing instructor

Ensino de filosofia para n��o-fil��sofos. Filosofia de of��cio ou of��cio de professor: os limites do filosofar

O presente artigo �� o resultado de um pensamento filos��fico acerca do ensino de filosofia. O principal objetivo de nossa pesquisa foi entender o que faz o fil��sofo quando seu of��cio �� ser professor de filosofia. Para tal, utilizamos como referencial te��rico-metodol��gico o pensamento de Foucault para pensar o fil��sofo-professor de filosofia em seu l��cus - ensino de filosofia - enquanto uma ontologia do presente, e o pensamento de Deleuze e Guattari para indicar uma poss��vel maneira de entender esse of��cio de professor que acreditamos se dar em um fazer art��stico, filos��fico e cient��fico.

O ensino da filosofia e o papel do professor-fil��sofo em Hegel

Este artigo tem por objetivo trazer �� luz os meandros e as particularidades do pensamento de Hegel sobre o ensino da filosofia. Embora esta n��o seja uma quest��o central em seu pensamento, �� poss��vel notar sua preocupa����o acerca do tema, especificamente nos textos que escreveu durante o per��odo no qual exerceu a fun����o de professor e diretor do gin��sio em N��rember. A apresenta����o que aqui se faz do pensamento de Hegel sobre o ensino da filosofia divide-se em tr��s momentos: no primeiro, s��o pontuados os conte��dos que ele julga necess��rios para a forma����o do pensamento filos��fico; no segundo, �� apresentada a quest��o do m��todo e a sua rela����o com os conte��dos no ensino da filosofia; e finalmente, no terceiro, procura-se entender o papel que o professor exerce nesse ensino.