Efeito do processo de obtenção do catchup sobre seus compostos antioxidantes, capacidade seqüestrante do radical DPPH e cor

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Diferentes concentrações de solução nutritiva no cultivo do tomateiro em substrato de fibra de coco em ambiente protegido

Pós-graduação em Agronomia - FEIS

Manejo de Irrigação para Otimização do Rendimento e Qualidade de Frutos de Tomateiro em Sistema de Plantio Direto

Existem muitas informações sobre o potencial matricial de água no solo adequado para o reinício de rega em sistema de plantio convencional, mas há poucas informações sobre qual o melhor potencial da água do solo para o controle da irrigação em sistema de plantio direto (SPD). Dessa forma, objetivou-se estudar o efeito de cinco de níveis de irrigação sobre a produtividade, o teor de sólidos solúveis e a acidez em frutos do tomateiro para processamento, cultivar Hypeel, cultivado no SPD em Latossolo Amarelo. O experimento foi conduzido sob delineamento experimental em blocos casualizados, com cinco tratamentos e quatro repetições. Os tratamentos consistiram de cinco valores de potencial matricial de água no solo para reinício da irrigação (m a 13 cm de profundidade medido por tensiômetros): -15 kPa, -30 kPa, -45 kPa, -60 kPa e -75 kPa. A produtividade máxima foi obtida quando o valor de tensão da água do solo esteve em -28,5 kPa. O teor máximo de sólidos solúveis foi obtido quando o valor de tensão da água do solo alcançou valores em torno de -50,8 kPa.

Avaliação da importância de habitats secundários para a manutenção de abelhas silvestres em áreas agrícolas

Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Zoologia) - IBRC

Influência da suplementação de tomate e licopeno na remodelação cardíaca após infarto agudo do miocárdio

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Characterization of the procera Tomato Mutant Shows Novel Functions of the SlDELLA Protein in the Control of Flower Morphology, Cell Division and Expansion, and the Auxin-Signaling Pathway during Fruit-Set and Development

procera (pro) is a tall tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) mutant carrying a point mutation in the GRAS region of the gene encoding SlDELLA, a repressor in the gibberellin (GA) signaling pathway. Consistent with the SlDELLA loss of function, pro plants display a GA-constitutive response phenotype, mimicking wild-type plants treated with GA(3). The ovaries from both nonemasculated and emasculated pro flowers had very strong parthenocarpic capacity, associated with enhanced growth of preanthesis ovaries due to more and larger cells. pro parthenocarpy is facultative because seeded fruits were obtained by manual pollination. Most pro pistils had exserted stigmas, thus preventing self-pollination, similar to wild-type pistils treated with GA(3) or auxins. However, Style2.1, a gene responsible for long styles in noncultivated tomato, may not control the enhanced style elongation of pro pistils, because its expression was not higher in pro styles and did not increase upon GA(3) application. Interestingly, a high percentage of pro flowers had meristic alterations, with one additional petal, sepal, stamen, and carpel at each of the four whorls, respectively, thus unveiling a role of SlDELLA in flower organ development. Microarray analysis showed significant changes in the transcriptome of preanthesis pro ovaries compared with the wild type, indicating that the molecular mechanism underlying the parthenocarpic capacity of pro is complex and that it is mainly associated with changes in the expression of genes involved in GA and auxin pathways. Interestingly, it was found that GA activity modulates the expression of cell division and expansion genes and an auxin signaling gene (tomato AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR7) during fruit-set.

The orf13 T-DNA gene of Agrobacterium rhizogenes confers meristematic competence to differentiated cells

Plant infections by the soil bacterium Agrobacterium rhizogenes result in neoplastic disease with the formation of hairy roots at the site of infection. Expression of a set of oncogenes residing on the stably integrated T-DNA is responsible for the disease symptoms. Besides the rol (root locus) genes, which are essential for the formation of hairy roots, the open reading frame orf13 mediates cytokinin-like effects, suggesting an interaction with hormone signaling pathways. Here we show that ORF13 induced ectopic expression of KNOX (KNOTTED1-like homeobox) class transcription factors, as well as of several genes involved in cell cycle control in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum). ORF13 has a retinoblastoma (RB)-binding motif and interacted with maize (Zea mays) RB in vitro, whereas ORF13, bearing a point mutation in the RB-binding motif (ORF13*), did not. Increased cell divisions in the vegetative shoot apical meristem and accelerated formation of leaf primordia were observed in plants expressing orf13, whereas the expression of orf13* had no influence on cell division rates in the shoot apical meristem, suggesting a role of RB in the regulation of the cell cycle in meristematic tissues. On the other hand, ectopic expression of LeT6 was not dependent on a functional RB-binding motif. Hormone homeostasis was only altered in explants of leaves, whereas in the root no effects were observed. We suggest that ORF13 confers meristematic competence to cells infected by A. rhizogenes by inducing the expression of KNOX genes and promotes the transition of infected cells from the G1 to the S phase by binding to RB.

Sensory innervation of the dorsal longitudinal ligament and the meninges in the lumbar spine of the dog

Although intervertebral disc herniation is a well-known disease in dogs, pain management for this condition has remained a challenge. The goal of the present study is to address the lack of information regarding the innervation of anatomical structures within the canine vertebral canal. Immunolabeling was performed with antibodies against protein gene product 9.5, Tuj-1 (neuron-specific class III β-tubulin), calcitonin gene-related peptide, and neuropeptide Y in combination with the lectin from Lycopersicon esculentum as a marker for blood vessels. Staining was indicative of both sensory and sympathetic fibers. Innervation density was the highest in lateral areas, intermediate in dorsal areas, and the lowest in ventral areas. In the dorsal longitudinal ligament (DLL), the highest innervation density was observed in the lateral regions. Innervation was lower at mid-vertebral levels than at intervertebral levels. The presence of sensory and sympathetic fibers in the canine dura and DLL suggests that pain may originate from both these structures. Due to these regional differences in sensory innervation patterns, trauma to intervertebral DLL and lateral dura is expected to be particularly painful. The results ought to provide a better basis for the assessment of medicinal and surgical procedures.

Limited Correlation between Expansin Gene Expression and Elongation Growth Rate

The aim of this work was to study the role of the cell wall protein expansin in elongation growth. Expansins increase cell wall extensibility in vitro and are thought to be involved in cell elongation. Here, we studied the regulation of two tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum cv Moneymaker) expansin genes,LeExp2 and LeExp18, in rapidly expanding tissues. LeExp2 was strongly expressed in the elongation zone of hypocotyls and in the faster growing stem part during gravitropic stimulation. LeExp18 expression did not correlate with elongation growth. Exogenous application of hormones showed a substantial auxin-stimulation of LeExp2 mRNA in etiolated hypocotyls and a weaker auxin-stimulation ofLeExp18 mRNA in stem tissue. Analysis of transcript accumulation revealed higher levels of LeExp2 andLeExp18 in light-treated, slow-growing tissue than in dark-treated, rapidly elongating tissue. Expansin protein levels and cell wall extension activities were similar in light- and dark-grown hypocotyl extracts. The results show a strong correlation between expansin gene expression and growth rate, but this correlation is not absolute. We conclude that elongation growth is likely to be controlled by expansin acting in concert with other factors that may limit growth under some physiological conditions.

Actividad biológica de Lonchocarpus guaricensis Pittier en el control de larvas de Tuta absoluta (Meyrick)

La actividad biológica de Lonchocarpus guaricensis Pittier fue evaluada utilizando dos dosis de Tecnona® en el control de larvas de Tuta absoluta (Meyrick), Valle de Azapa, Chile, mediante una pulverización sobre plantas de tomate cv. Naomi en macetas, ubicadas aleatoriamente en un invernáculo dentro de un vivero. Semanas previas a la pulverización, las macetas se infestaron artificialmente con adultos del fitófago para obtener larvas en los foliolos. Los tratamientos evaluados fueron los siguientes: T1 (0,21 g de IA de L. guaricensis·L-1), T2 (0,43 g de IA de L. guaricensis·L-1), T3 (control positivo a base de spinosad 0,048 g de IA·L-1) y T0 (control negativo a base de agua de pozo). De acuerdo con el porcentaje de mortalidad acumulada de larvas contabilizadas a las 24, 48, 120 horas y 9no día post aplicación, no hay diferencias estadísticas entre los tratamientos T0 y T1, a su vez, T2 alcanza una media de 53,05% de mortalidad, no diferenciándose de T3 que logra un 73,9%. Se concluye que la dosis experimental L. guaricensis de 0,43 g de IA∙ L-1 puede constituir una alternativa interesante de utilizar en el Manejo Integrado de Plagas del cultivo de tomate en el Valle de Azapa.

Modelización de la distribución espacial de Bactericera cockerelli Sulc. (Hemiptera: Triozidae) en Solanum tuberosum L. (Solanales: Solanaceae)

La producción de Solanum tuberosum L., Lycopersicum esculentum Mill. y Physalis ixocarpa Brot. (Solanales: Solanaceae) ha sufrido fuertes pérdidas económicas por la presencia de Bactericera cockerelli Sulc. (Hemiptera: Triozidae) al asociarse con las enfermedades punta morada o “zebra chip", además de ser el transmisor de Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum. Las alternativas de control utilizadas han carecido de eficacia por desconocer la distribución espacial del insecto dentro de la parcela. Conocer dicho comportamiento permitiría focalizar las alternativas de control, haciéndolas más eficaces. Este trabajo tuvo por objetivo modelizar la distribución espacial de los estadíos de huevo, ninfa y adulto de B. cockerelli obtenidos en muestreos por transectos en un cultivo de papa, utilizando herramientas geoestadísticas. Los resultados indican que la distribución espacial de las poblaciones de huevos, ninfas y adultos de B. cockerelli fue de tipo agregada en cada fecha de muestreo. La validación cruzada de los semivariogramas obtenidos corrobora la distribución agregada en las poblaciones de B. cockerelli. Por su parte, los mapas elaborados permiten observar la estructura agregada de las poblaciones del insecto, permitiendo identificar áreas infestadas y áreas libres. Se encontró estabilidad espacio temporal para los tres estadios del insecto.

Nuevo método para determinar sólidos solubles en tomate fresco

Se propone un nuevo método para la determinación de sólidos solubles en tomate fresco, basado en el efecto enzimático pectolítico del propio tomate una vez desintegrado, que favorece la expulsión del suero del tejido. Este hecho permite obtener una muestra de sólidos solubles con exclusión de los insolubles, siendo determinados el monto de los solubles por desecación sobre estufa de agua hirviente.

Ensayo de "D-D" en tomate

Fil: Gargiulo, Ángel. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias

Registro de enfermedades de las plantas nuevas o poco conocidas : la "viruela" del tomate y la "roya" de la remolacha en Mendoza

Fil: Pontis, Rafael E.. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias

Wind pumps for irrigating greenhouse crops

Agriculture is a major consumer of energy in many countries of the world. Only a few of these countries are self-sufficient in conventional energy sources, which are also exhaustible. Fortunately, there are other sources of energy, such as wind, which has experienced recent developments in the area of wind power generation. From irrigation projects to power supply in remote farms, wind power generation can play a vital role. A simple methodology for technical evaluation of windmills for irrigation water pumping has been developed in this study to determine the feasibility per unit amount of water supplied and the levels of daily irrigation demand satisfied by windmill irrigation system at various levels of risk (probability of failure). For this purpose, a series of three hourly wind-speed data over a period of 38 years at Ciego de Ávila, Cuba, were analyzed to compute the diurnal wind pump discharge at varying levels of risk. The sizes of reservoirs required to modulate fluctuating discharge and to satisfy the levels of irrigation demand, on function of crop development dates, cultivated area and water elevation height, were computed by cumulative deficit water budgeting. An example is given illustrating the use of the methodology on tomato crop Licopersicon esculentum Mill) under greenhouse.