962 resultados para FÍSICA TEÓRICA
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Pós-graduação em Física - IFT
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Pós-graduação em Física - IFT
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Pós-graduação em Física - IFT
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Pós-graduação em Física - IFT
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Pós-graduação em Física - IFT
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Pós-graduação em Física - IFT
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Pós-graduação em Física - IFT
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The possibility of generalizing gravity in 2+1 dimensions to include higher-derivative terms, thereby allowing for a dynamical theory, opens up a variety of new interesting questions. This is in great contrast with pure Einstein gravity which is a generally covariant theory that has no degrees of freedom - a peculiarity that, in a sense, renders it a little insipid and odorless. The research on gravity of particles moving in a plane, that is, living in flatland, within the context of higher-derivative gravity, leads to novel and interesting effects. For instance, the generation of gravity, antigravity, and gravitational shielding by the interaction of massive scalar bosons via a graviton exchange. In addition, the gravitational deffection angle of a photon, unlike that of Einstein gravity, is dependent of the impact parameter. On the other hand, the great drawback to using linearized general relativity for describing a gravitating string is that this description leads to some unphysical results such as: (i) lack of a gravity force in the nonrelativistic limit; (ii) gravitational deffection independent of the impact parameter. Interesting enough, the effective cure for these pathologies is the replacement of linearized gravity by linearized higher-derivative gravity. We address these issues here
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Pós-graduação em Física - IFT
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Pós-graduação em Física - IFT
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Pós-graduação em Física - IFT
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Pós-graduação em Física - IFT
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This work is a review of the Negative Dimension Integration Method as a powerful tool for the computation of the radiative corrections present in Quantum Field Perturbation Theory. This method is applicable in the context of Dimensional Regularization and it provides exact solutions for Feynman integrals with both dimensional parameter and propagator exponents generalized. These solutions are presentedintheformoflinearcombinationsofhypergeometricfunctionswhosedomains of convergence are related to the analytic structure of the Feynman Integral. Each solution is connected to the others trough analytic continuations. Besides presenting and discussing the general algorithm of the method in a detailed way, we offer concrete applications to scalar one-loop and two-loop integrals as well as to the one-loop renormalizationofQuantumElectrodynamics (QED)
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Pós-graduação em Física - IFT
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After a brief introduction of some gravitational aspects of the Randall-Sundrum braneworld model as well as of the Brans-Dicke (BD) gravity, we propose two braneworld models using the, local and global, cosmic strings in the BD framework in order to generate all the bulk/brane structure. The final scenario is composed, in both cases, of a warped 4-brane with topology 'R POT. 4' x 'S POT. 1' and one extra dimension transverse to the brane. After that, we analyze the founded models in the scope of the Gauss-Codazzi formalism, with and without the imposition of 'Z IND. 2' symmetry on the brane