Does 6-minutes walk test predict functional capacity in elderly people?

Portugal has an accentuated aging tendency, presenting an elderly population (individuals with more than 65 years old) of 19.2%. The average life expectancy is 79.2 years. Thus, it’s important to maintain autonomy and independency as long as possible. Functional ability concept rises from the need to evaluate the capacity to conduct daily activities in an independent way. It can be estimated with the 6-minute walk test (6MWT) and other validated test. This test is simple, reliable, valid and consists in a daily activity (walk). The goals of this study was to verify associations between functional capacity measured with two different instruments (6MWT and Composite Physical Function (CPF) scale) and between those results and characterization variables.

An experimental study to compare the interface pressure and experience of healthy participants when lying still for 20 minutes in a supine position on two different imaging surfaces

Introduction: Pressure ulcers are a high cost, high volume issue for health and medical care providers, affecting patients’ recovery and psychological wellbeing. The current research of support surfaces on pressure as a risk factor in the development of pressure ulcers is not relevant to the specialised, controlled environment of the radiological setting. Method: 38 healthy participants aged 19-51 were placed supine on two different imaging surfaces. The XSENSOR pressure mapping system was used to measure the interface pressure. Data was acquired over a time of 20 minutes preceded by 6 minutes settling time to reduce measurement error. Qualitative information regarding participants’ opinion on pain and comfort was recorded using a questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 22. Results: Data was collected from 30 participants aged 19 to 51 (mean 25.77, SD 7.72), BMI from 18.7 to 33.6 (mean 24.12, SD 3.29), for two surfaces, following eight participant exclusions due to technical faults. Total average pressure, average pressure for jeopardy areas (head, sacrum & heels) and peak pressure for jeopardy areas were calculated as interface pressure in mmHg. Qualitative data showed that a significant difference in experiences of comfort and pain was found in the jeopardy areas (P<0.05) between the two surfaces. Conclusion: A significant difference is seen in average pressure between the two surfaces. Pain and comfort data also show a significant difference between the surfaces, both findings support the proposal for further investigation into the effects of radiological surfaces as a risk factor for the formation of pressure ulcers.

Executive Function Impairments in Patients with Depression

Depression, the most prevalent psychiatric disorder, has a lifelong risk of 20% and is related to high rates of death among the patients. Thus, this study aims to conduct a systematic review of changes in executive functions of adult patients diagnosed with depression. We found 1381 articles; however, only 28 were selected and recovered. The inclusion criteria was the assessment of executive functions with at least one neuropsychological test, and articles that evaluated primarily adult individuals with depression, without comparison to other psychiatric disorders. Although most of the studies (25 out of 28 analyzed) have shown deficits in some executive subcomponents, these findings are not conclusive because they used different parameters of assessment. Moreover, many variables were not controlled, such as the different subtypes of the disorder, the high level of severity, comorbidity and the use of drugs. Most studies showed different deficits in executive functions in depressed patients, but further longitudinal studies are needed in order to confirm these findings.

Effects of dual-task training on balance and executive functions in Parkinson's disease: A pilot study

The aim of this study was to analyze the efficacy of cognitive-motor dual-task training compared with single-task training on balance and executive functions in individuals with Parkinson's disease. Fifteen subjects, aged between 39 and 75 years old, were randomly assigned to the dual-task training group (n = 8) and single-task training group (n = 7). The training was run twice a week for 6 weeks. The single-task group received balance training and the dual-task group performed cognitive tasks simultaneously with the balance training. There were no significant differences between the two groups at baseline. After the intervention, the results for mediolateral sway with eyes closed were significantly better for the dual-task group and anteroposterior sway with eyes closed was significantly better for the single-task group. The results suggest superior outcomes for the dual-task training compared to the single-task training for static postural control, except in anteroposterior sway with eyes closed.

O papel da qualidade e auditoria interna na gestão de um município

Os Municípios, num contexto de reformas administrativas iniciadas pela filosofia da Nova Gestão Pública, vivem atualmente com um grau de exigência elevado onde questões como, a boa gestão dos escassos recursos, a prestação de serviços de qualidade aos munícipes e um maior escrutínio por parte destes, impõem pressão junto dos responsáveis e dos órgãos executivos desses municípios, para a mudança dos serviços e da gestão numa perspetiva de melhoria da qualidade. O presente relatório de estágio tem por objetivo perceber qual a relevância, que o serviço de qualidade e auditoria interna desempenha, na gestão de um município. A escolha do estudo de caso incidiu sobre, a Câmara Municipal da Maia, local de realização do estágio. Neste contexto, após a revisão da literatura, será realizado um estudo em que, será criado um modelo de análise que irá testar, a implementação da gestão da qualidade, a monitorização de indicadores de desempenho e o contributo da auditoria interna, na gestão da Camara Municipal da Maia, no sentido de se chegar a uma conclusão final. Assim, será analisada de forma detalhada, a posição do órgão executivo, mediante a realização de uma entrevista para recolha de dados qualitativos, que posteriormente serão tratados. Na parte final deste relatório, iremos discutir os resultados obtidos e concluir sobre qual o papel e a importância que o serviço de qualidade e auditoria interna desempenha, na gestão da Câmara Municipal da Maia. Como limitação principal deste estudo refere-se o facto de as matérias a tratar serem todas de natureza sensível e com caráter sigiloso, o que inviabiliza a divulgação de alguns dados relevantes.

Heavy metal contamination in seafood and consumer exposure in the Gulf Cooperation Council

Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Tecnologia e Segurança Alimentar

The use of canonical correlation analysis to assess the relationship between executive functioning and verbal memory in older adults

Executive functioning (EF), which is considered to govern complex cognition, and verbal memory (VM) are constructs assumed to be related. However, it is not known the magnitude of the association between EF and VM, and how sociodemographic and psychological factors may affect this relationship, including in normal aging. In this study, we assessed different EF and VM parameters, via a battery of neurocognitive/psychological tests, and performed a Canonical Correlation Analysis (CCA) to explore the connection between these constructs, in a sample of middle- aged and older healthy individuals without cognitive impairment (N = 563, 50+ years of age). The analysis revealed a positive and moderate association between EF and VM independently of gender, age, education, global cognitive performance level, and mood. These results confirm that EF presents a significant association with VM performance.

The flora of British India /By J. D. Hooker assisted by various botanists. Published under the authority of the secretary of state for India in council.

v.1 (1875)

The flora of British India /By J. D. Hooker assisted by various botanists. Published under the authority of the secretary of state for India in council.

v.2 (1879)

The flora of British India /By J. D. Hooker assisted by various botanists. Published under the authority of the secretary of state for India in council.

v.3 (1882)

The flora of British India /By J. D. Hooker assisted by various botanists. Published under the authority of the secretary of state for India in council.

v.4 (1885)

The flora of British India /By J. D. Hooker assisted by various botanists. Published under the authority of the secretary of state for India in council.

v.5 (1890)

The flora of British India /By J. D. Hooker assisted by various botanists. Published under the authority of the secretary of state for India in council.

v.6 (1894)

The flora of British India /By J. D. Hooker assisted by various botanists. Published under the authority of the secretary of state for India in council.

v.7 (1897)