Avaliação da customização por desgaste de pinos pré-fabricados de fibra de vidro

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar pinos pré-fabricados de fibra de vidro (White Post DC/FGM) submetidos à customização por desgaste da porção apical. Experimento 1: 5 pinos n. 4 foram divididos em 5 grupos (G) de acordo com o instrumento de desgaste: GA - sem desgaste, GB- mini torno industrial (Dentsply), GC - ponta diamantada n. 3195F (KG Sorensen), GD - disco de lixa de granulação média (Sof-Lex/3M/ESPE), GE- alicate (Tramontina). Observou-se a micromorfologia dos pinos em microscópio eletrônico de varredura (ZEISS/DSM 960). Experimento 2: 60 pinos de diferentes diâmetros foram divididos em 6 grupos: G0 - pinos n. 0,5, G1 - pinos n. 1, G2 - pinos n. 2, G3 - pinos n. 3, G4 - pinos n.4, G5 - pinos n. 4 com terço apical desgastado com discos de lixa até o equivalente ao terço apical dos pinos n. 2. Os pinos foram submetidos ao teste de flexão de 3 pontos na máquina de ensaios universal (Instron 5500 R), conforme ISO 10477. Experimento 3: 20 caninos humanos permanentes sofreram tratamento endodôntico e remoção das coroas clínicas padronizando 15 mm de remanescente radicular. Os dentes foram incluídos em resina acrílica com simulação do ligamento periodontal, receberam férula de 2 mm e foram divididos em 2 grupos: GI - pinos n. 4 cimentados em condutos preparados com broca equivalente ao pino (FGM), GII - pinos n. 4 customizados no terço apical cimentados em condutos preparados com brocas (FGM) equivalentes aos pinos n. 2 em 10 mm e n. 4 em 5 mm. Os pinos foram cimentados com cimento resinoso (Rely X U100/3M/ESPE), os corpos de prova receberam coroas diretas de resina composta (Enforce Core/Dentsply) padronizadas com coras de policarbonato (TDV) e foram submetidos ao teste de resistência à fratura na Instron a 45da ferramenta cilíndrica, com força de 500 N aplicada a 2 mm da incisal na face palatina/lingual, com velocidade de 0,5 mm/min até falha. O padrão de fratura foi classificado em favorável ou desfavorável. Os resultados foram tratados estatisticamente por teste de análise de variância (ANOVA, p<0,05). Os resultados dos testes de flexão e fratura foram respectivamente: G0 - 58,406,40; G1 - 83,959,43; G2- 103,4219,17; G3 - 160,7817,30; G4 - 170,4711,28; G5 - 106,3521,96; GI - 303,0262,21 e GII - 402,81131,97. O padrão de fratura foi tratado por Mann-Whitney que observou semelhança estatística entre os grupos. Concluiu-se que o desgaste de pinos de fibra de vidro com pontas diamantadas ou discos de lixa produz alterações micromorfológicas aceitáveis. O corte com alicate deve ser evitado. A customização por desgaste da porção apical de pinos de fibra de vidro diminui a resistência à flexão a valores aceitáveis. Dentes restaurados com pinos de fibra de vidro customizados por desgaste possuem resistência à fratura superior a dentes restaurados com pinos intactos. A customização por desgaste facilita a adaptação do pino ao conduto radicular e preserva a estrutura dental.

Effect of processing parameters on the optical properties of TiO2/ormosil planar waveguide

Hybrid TiO2/ormosil waveguiding films have been prepared by the sol-gel method at low thermal treatment temperature of 150&DEG; C. The influence of processing parameters including the molar ratios of titanium butoxide (Ti(OBu)(4))/3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GLYMO) and H2O/Ti(OBu)(4) (expressed as R), especially aging of sot on the optical properties was investigated. The optical properties of films were measured with scanning electron microscope (SEM), UV/VIS/NIR spectrophotometer (UV-Vis), m-line and the scattering-detection method. The results indicate that the film thickness increases with the increase of sol aging time, but the variation of refractive index as a function of sot aging time depends on the relative ratios of GLYMO to Ti(OBu)(4). Higher transmittance and lower attenuation of the planar waveguide can be obtained in the sol with lower Ti(OBu)(4) contents and shorter aging time.

低损耗TiO2/Ormosil平面波导的制备及表征

abstract = {TiO₂/ormosil planar waveguide was prepared by sol-gel method at low thermal treatment temperature ( less than or equal 200°C). Scanning electron microscope, FT-IR spectrometer, spectrophotometer, atomic force microscopy, thermal analyzer, and dark m-line spectroscopy were used with the method of scattering-detection to investigate optical and structural properties. High optical quality waveguide film was obtained. The propagation loss of film was 0.569 dB/cm at a wavelength of 632.8 nm.

Transparent Ni2+-doped silicate glass ceramics for broadband near-infrared emission

Transparent Ni2+-doped MgO-Al2O3-Ga2O3-SiO2-TiO2 glass ceramics were fabricated. The precipitated nanocrystal phase in the glass ceramics was identified by X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscope. Broadband near-infrared emission centered at 1220 nm with full width at half maximum of about 240 nm and lifetime of about 250 mu s was observed with 980 nm excitation. The longer wavelength emission compared with Ni2+-doped MgAl2O4 crystal was attributed to the low crystal field occupied by Ni2+ in the glass ceramics. The present Ni2+-doped transparent glass ceramics may have potential applications in broadband optical amplifiers. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Upconversion Luminescence of Er3+-Yb3+ Codoped NaYF4-PVP Electrospun Nanofibers

NaYF4: 0.02Er center dot xYb-PVP composite nanofibers with the diameter of similar to 400 nm have been prepared by electrospinning. Field emission scanning electron microscope and X-ray diffraction have been utilized to characterize morphology and structure of the as-prepared electrospun nanofibers. Their up-conversion luminescence is investigated under a 980-nm excitation. Green (538 and 520 nm), red (6-55 nm), and blue (405 nm) emissions are observed in the up-conversion luminescence spectra, and the intensity of these three emissions changes differently with the variety of Yb content, which has been interpreted successfully in this letter. The color of NaYF4: 0.02Er center dot xYb-PVP nanolibers under a 980-nm excitation can be changed from green --> white --> yellow gradually via changing the Yb content.

Formation of array microstructures on silicon by multibeam interfered ferntosecond laser pulses

We report on an optical interference method to fabricate array microstructures on the surface of silicon wafers by means of five-beam interference of femtosecond laser pulses. Optical microscope and scanning electron microscope observations revealed microstructures with micrometer-order were fabricated. The diffraction characteristics of the fabricated structures were evaluated. The present technique allows one-step realization of functional optoelectronic devices on silicon surface. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Study on the growth, etch morphology and spectra of Y2SiO5 crystal

Undoped Y2SiO5 single crystal was grown by the Czochralski method. The samples were optically polished after orienting and cutting. The rhombus and quadrangular dislocation etching pits, the low-angle grain boundaries and the inclusions in the samples were observed using optical microscope and scanning electron microscope. The absorption spectra were measured before and after H-2 annealing or air annealing. The absorption edge of Y2SiO5 crystal was determined to be about 202 nm. The absorption coefficient of Y2SiO5 crystal decreased after H-2 annealing and obviously increased after air annealing. (C) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

提拉法Tm：YAG晶体的生长缺陷研究

采用提拉法(CZ)生长了质量优异的Tm：YAG晶体．部分晶片在1000℃的空气气氛中退火25h．借助光学显微镜、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)，结合化学腐蚀法，对Tm：YAG晶体退火前后(111)面的缺陷特征进行了研究．Tm：YAG晶体(111)面的位错腐蚀坑呈三角形．在偏光显微镜下观察了退火前后Tm：YAG晶体(111)面的应力双折射．同时应用高分辨X射线衍射法测定了晶体的完整性．实验结果表明，长时间空气气氛下高温退火有效降低了晶体中总的位错密度，提高了晶体质量．

Formation of arrayed holes on metal foil and metal film by multibeam interfering femtosecond laser beams

We report on an optical interference method to fabricate arrayed holes on metal nickel foil and aluminum film deposited on glass substrate by means of five-beam interference of femtosecond laser pulses. Optical microscope and scanning electron microscope observations revealed that arrayed holes of micrometre-order were fabricated on both metal foil and metal film. The present technique allows one-step, large-area, micrometric processing of metal materials for potential industrial applications.

飞秒激光脉冲照射诱导含芴结构树脂共聚物结构变化及机理的研究

在室温下用聚焦的飞秒激光照射高折射率、低双折射的透明含芴结构树脂-对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)共聚物，探索飞秒激光制备高分子光学功能微结构的可能性。通过紫外-可见吸收光谱、红外光谱、电子自旋共振谱、光学显微镜、扫描电镜及透射电镜等分析手段，对该材料在飞秒激光照射后的结构变化及机理进行研究。结果发现：含芴结构树脂共聚物在飞秒激光照射后产生化学键断裂，生成未成对电子，并形成无定形碳；照射区在可见光区域的吸收增强；随激光能量密度的减少在激光会聚点附近诱导结构由慧尾状向单一细丝转变。演示了三维着色内雕。

r面白宝石单晶的温梯法生长及缺陷研究

本文描述使用温梯法（TGT）生长（1-↑102）方向的白宝石单晶，应用X射线双晶摇摆曲线（XRC）测定了晶体内部的完整性，再利用KOH熔体腐蚀出样品的r面（1-↑102）上的位错蚀坑，借助扫描电子显微镜（SEM）进行观察，发现r面白宝石的位错腐蚀坑呈等腰三角形，并且有台阶状结构，并分析了位错的成因。

Influences of Al doping concentration on structural, electrical and optical properties of Zn0.95Ni0.05O powders

Nanocrystalline Zn0.95 - xNi0.05AlxO (x = 0.01, 0.02, 0.05 and 0.10) diluted magnetic semiconductors have been synthesized by an auto-combustion method. X-ray diffraction measurements indicate that all Al-doped Zn0.95Ni0.05O samples have the pure wurtzite structure. Transmission electron microscope analyses show that the as-synthesized powders are of the size 40 - 45 nm. High-resolution transmission electron microscope, energy dispersive spectrometer and X-ray photoemission spectroscope analyses indicate that Ni2+ and Al3+ uniformly substitute Zn2+ in the wurtzite structure without forming any secondary phases. The Al doping concentration dependences of cell parameters (a and c), resistance and the ratio of green emission to UV emission have the similar trends. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Bonding quality of Yb : Y3Al5O12/Y3Al5O12 composite crystals

The Yb:Y3Al5O12/Y3Al5O12 (Yb:YAG/YAG) composite crystals were prepared by thermal bonding method with different technological parameters. The bonding interface of the composite crystals were observed by optical microscope, scanning electron microscope, and atom force microscope. The light scattering experiments for bonding interface of the composite crystals were measured by the laser and transmission spectra. All experiments show that high-quality Yb:YAG/YAG composite crystals without space transition layer and light scattering on the bonding interface can be obtained by thermal bonding method under appropriate technological parameters.

热键合制作Yb：Y3Al5O12／Y3Al5O12复合晶体

采用热键合技术制备了Yb：Y3Al5O12／Y3Al5O12（Yb：YAG／YAG）复合晶体，对复合晶体进行了结构表征和键合质量检测，利用光学显微镜和扫描电镜观察了复合晶体横截面的形貌；在偏光显微镜下观察键合区域的应力，利用干涉条纹来表征复合晶体的光学均匀性；通过红外透过光谱的测量来检测复合晶体的键合质量．实验结果表明：热键合技术制备的Yb：YAG／YAG复合晶体键合界面处无界面缺陷，不存在复合界面空间过渡层，光学均匀性良好．

Absence of room-temperature ferromagnetism in Al-codoped Zn0.95Co0.05O nanoparticles

Nanocrystalline Zn0.95-xCo0.05AlxO (x=0, 0.01, 0.05) diluted magnetic semiconductors have been synthesized by an auto-combustion method. X-ray diffraction measurements indicated that Al-doped Zn0.95Co0.05O samples had the pure wurtzite structure. X-ray absorption spectroscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscope, energy dispersive spectrometer and Co 2p core-level photoemission spectroscope analyses indicated that Co2+ substituted for Zn2+ without forming any secondary phases or impurities. Resistance measurements showed that the resistance values of Co and Al codoped samples were still so large in the giga magnitude. Magnetic investigations showed that nanocrystalline Al-doped Zn0.95Co0.05O samples had no indication of room temperature ferromagnetism. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.