Avalia����o comparativa dos efeitos da introdu����o dos euroc��digos no c��lculo s��smico de edif��cios de bet��o armado

Disserta����o de natureza Cient��fica para obten����o do grau de Mestre na ��rea de Especializa����o de Estruturas

A capacidade de subitizing em crian��as de 4 anos

Disserta����o apresentada �� escola Superior de Educa����o de Lisboa para obten����o de grau de mestre em Educa����o Matem��tica na Educa����o Pr��-Escolar e nos 1�� e 2�� Ciclos do Ensino B��sico

As birras das crian��as: o papel do educador e dos encarregados de educa����o

Relat��rio da Pr��tica Profissional Supervisionada Mestrado em Educa����o Pr��-Escolar

Localiza����o ��tima de pot��ncia e��lica para integra����o no sistema el��trico portugu��s

Disserta����o para obten����o do grau de Mestre em Engenharia Electrot��cnica Ramo de Energia

Characterization of the effects of antiepileptic drugs on bone metabolism: in vitro studies with human osteoblastic and osteoclastic cells

Bone is constantly being molded and shaped by the action of osteoclasts and osteoblasts. A proper equilibrium between both cell types metabolic activities is required to ensure an adequate skeletal tissue structure, and it involves resorption of old bone and formation of new bone tissue. It is reported that treatment with antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) can elicit alterations in skeletal structure, in particular in bone mineral density. Nevertheless, the knowledge regarding the effects of AEDs on bone cells are still scarce. In this context, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of five different AEDs on human osteoclastic, osteoblastic and co-cultured cells. Osteoclastic cell cultures were established from precursor cells isolated from human peripheral blood and were characterized for tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) activity, number of TRAP+ multinucleated cells, presence of cells with actin rings and expressing vitronectin and calcitonin receptors and apoptosis rate. Also, the involvement of several signaling pathways on the cellular response was addressed. Osteoblastic cell cultures were obtained from femur heads of patients (25-45 years old) undergoing orthopaedic surgery procedures and were then studied for cellular proliferation/viability, ALP activity, histochemical staining of ALP and apoptosis rate. Also the expression of osteoblast-related genes and the involvement of some osteoblastogenesis-related signalling pathways on cellular response were addressed. For co-cultured cells, osteoblastic cells were firstly seeded and cultured. After that, PBMC were added to the osteoblastic cells and co-cultures were evaluated using the same osteoclast and osteoblast parameters mentioned above for the corresponding isolated cell. Cell-cultures were maintained in the absence (control) or in the presence of different AEDs (carbamazepine, gabapentin, lamotrigine, topiramate and valproic acid). All the tested drugs were able to affect osteoclastic and osteoblastic cells development, although with different profiles on their osteoclastogenic and osteoblastogenic modulation properties. Globally, the tendency was to inhibit the process. Furthermore, the signaling pathways involved in the process also seemed to be differently affected by the AEDs, suggesting that the different drugs may affect osteoclastogenesis and/or osteoblastogenesis through different mechanisms. In conclusion, the present study showed that the different AEDs had the ability to directly and indirectly modulate bone cells differentiation, shedding new light towards a better understanding of how these drugs can affect bone tissue.

Identifica����o da combinação ��tima das fontes de energia renov��vel de origem h��drica, e��lica e fotovoltaica para a integra����o no sistema el��trico portugu��s

Disserta����o para obten����o do grau de Mestre em Engenharia Electrot��cnica Ramo de Energia

An��lise do sistema de tratamento de efluentes gasosos de uma central de valoriza����o energ��tica de res��duos s��lidos urbanos

Trabalho Final de Mestrado para obten����o do grau de Mestre Em Engenharia Qu��mica e Biol��gica Ramo de processos Qu��micos

An��lise cr��tica do Regulamento Geral dos Sistemas P��blicos e Prediais de Distribui����o de ��gua e de Drenagem de ��guas Residuais

Trabalho Final de Mestrado para obten����o do grau de Mestre em Engenharia Civil na ��rea de Especializa����o de Hidr��ulica

Valida����o do m��todo de dete����o de eritropoietina recombinante humana em urina humana por focaliza����o isoel��trica

A eritropoietina (EPO) �� uma subst��ncia que estimula a produ����o de eritr��citos, aumentando a oxigena����o muscular, sendo segregada de forma natural pelo organismo e excretada na urina em baixas concentra����es. Devido ��s suas propriedades e caracter��sticas, a EPO foi rapidamente introduzida no mundo do desporto, como subst��ncia il��cita, proporcionando vantagens no rendimento desportivo. No in��cio de 2000 foi desenvolvido um m��todo de dete����o direta de EPO Recombinante (rHuEPO) em urina humana por Lasne, baseado na focaliza����o isoel��trica (IEF) em gel de poliacrilamida, seguido de duplo blote, tendo este sido publicado e validado. Em 2002, a Ag��ncia Mundial Antidopagem (AMA) implementou este mesmo m��todo, sendo atualmente um dos m��todos oficiais utilizado pelos laborat��rios acreditados pela AMA. Desta forma, o ponto de partida para a realiza����o deste trabalho consistiu na necessidade de implementar e validar o m��todo de refer��ncia de IEF para a dete����o de rHuEPO em urina humana. O trabalho foi realizado no Laborat��rio de An��lises e Dopagem (LAD) do Instituto do Desporto de Portugal (IDP), atual Instituto Portugu��s do Desporto e Juventude (IPDJ). O principal objetivo deste trabalho consistiu no estudo/investiga����o de diferentes par��metros de valida����o (especificidade/seletividade; capacidade de identifica����o; limite de dete����o; exatid��o e repetibilidade), de acordo com o protocolado no Procedimento Geral interno do Laborat��rio de An��lises de Dopagem de Lisboa (LAD). O referido m��todo de triagem e confirma����o revelou possuir caracter��sticas de desempenho conformes com os requisitos aplic��veis, pelo que �� considerado validado e apto.

Optimal fuzzy PID control tuned with genetic algorithms

Fuzzy logic controllers (FLC) are intelligent systems, based on heuristic knowledge, that have been largely applied in numerous areas of everyday life. They can be used to describe a linear or nonlinear system and are suitable when a real system is not known or too difficult to find their model. FLC provide a formal methodology for representing, manipulating and implementing a human heuristic knowledge on how to control a system. These controllers can be seen as artificial decision makers that operate in a closed-loop system, in real time. The main aim of this work was to develop a single optimal fuzzy controller, easily adaptable to a wide range of systems ��� simple to complex, linear to nonlinear ��� and able to control all these systems. Due to their efficiency in searching and finding optimal solution for high complexity problems, GAs were used to perform the FLC tuning by finding the best parameters to obtain the best responses. The work was performed using the MATLAB/SIMULINK software. This is a very useful tool that provides an easy way to test and analyse the FLC, the PID and the GAs in the same environment. Therefore, it was proposed a Fuzzy PID controller (FL-PID) type namely, the Fuzzy PD+I. For that, the controller was compared with the classical PID controller tuned with, the heuristic Ziegler-Nichols tuning method, the optimal Zhuang-Atherton tuning method and the GA method itself. The IAE, ISE, ITAE and ITSE criteria, used as the GA fitness functions, were applied to compare the controllers performance used in this work. Overall, and for most systems, the FL-PID results tuned with GAs were very satisfactory. Moreover, in some cases the results were substantially better than for the other PID controllers. The best system responses were obtained with the IAE and ITAE criteria used to tune the FL-PID and PID controllers.

O Plano geral de contabilidade angolano e o sistema de normaliza����o contabil��stica de Portugal: uma an��lise comparada

Disserta����o de Mestrado apresentada ao Instituto de Contabilidade e Administra����o do Porto para a obten����o do grau de Mestre em Contabilidade e Finan��as, sob orienta����o da Professora Doutora Ana Maria Alves Bandeira

Estudo sobre a qualidade da autorregula����o do beb�� na situa����o face-to-face-still-face com o pai

Disserta����o apresentada �� Escola Superior de Educa����o de Lisboa para obten����o do grau de Mestre em Ci��ncias da Educa����o Especialidade Interven����o Precoce

Impacto da NCRF 27 no capital pr��prio das cooperativas vitivin��colas da regi��o demarcada do Douro

Disserta����o de Mestrado apresentada ao Instituto de Contabilidade e Administra����o do Porto para a obten����o do grau de Mestre em Contabilidade e Finan��as, sob orienta����o de Professora Doutora Ana Maria Alves Bandeira, e Professora Doutora Deolinda Maria Moreira Apar��cio Meira

Modela����o do comportamento din��mico de sistemas barragem-funda����o-albufeira: an��lise s��smica de uma barragem de ab��badas m��ltiplas

Trabalho Final de Mestrado elaborado no Laborat��rio Nacional de Engenharia Civil (LNEC) para a obten����o do grau de Mestre em Engenharia Civil pelo Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa no ��mbito do protocolo de coopera����o entre o ISEL e o LNEC

Determinantes do sucesso das iniciativas empresariais apoiadas pelo microcr��dito

Disserta����o de Mestrado apresentada ao Instituto de Contabilidade e Administra����o do Porto para a obten����o do grau de Mestre em Contabilidade e Finan��as sob orienta����o de: Am��lia Ferreira da Silva ���Esta vers��o cont��m as cr��ticas e sugest��es dos elementos do j��ri���