Nitrogênio mineral e microbiano do solo em sistemas agroflorestais com palma de óleo na Amazônia oriental

O sucesso da produção de palma de óleo (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) em sistemas agroflorestais (SAFs) na Amazônia está condicionado ao manejo sustentável do solo, em especial dos atributos químicos e microbiológicos. Nosso objetivo foi avaliar o impacto de SAFs com palma de óleo sobre os teores de nitrogênio (N) mineral e microbiano do solo, em função da sazonalidade pluviométrica. Avaliamos diferentes formas de N do solo (N microbiano, nitrato, amônio), além da concentração de carbono (C) do solo, em SAFs com baixa e alta diversidade de espécies cultivadas, os quais foram comparados com uma floresta secundária adjacente de 13 anos de idade. Para a maioria das variáveis analisadas (N total, relação C:N, N microbiano, relação N microbiano:N total, amônio) houve diferença significativa somente entre as épocas de amostragem. A concentração média de C no solo sob o SAF com alta diversidade (15,6 mg g-1) foi maior do que na floresta (13 mg g-1). Na época chuvosa a concentração de nitrato no SAF com alta diversidade foi 5,1 mg (N) kg-1 (solo), maior do que nos demais tipos de vegetação, resultando em menor concentração média de amônio no solo sob esse SAF, cujo valor foi 9,6 mg (N) kg-1 (solo). A mineralização do N no SAF com baixa diversidade, na época seca, foi 0,1 mg (N) kg-1 (solo) dia-1, menor do que nos demais tipos de vegetação. As variáveis analisadas foram mais sensíveis à sazonalidade da precipitação pluviométrica do que à conversão de floresta secundária em SAFs com palma de óleo.

Variação temporal do efluxo de CO2do solo em sistemas agroflorestais com palma de óleo na Amazônia Oriental

RESUMOA dinâmica do efluxo de dióxido de carbono (CO2) do solo e seus fatores controladores em sistemas agroflorestais da Amazônia são pouco compreendidas. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a variação temporal do efluxo de CO2 do solo em sistemas agroflorestais onde a palma de óleo é a cultura principal e sua relação com fatores bióticos (carbono microbiano do solo, carbono total do solo, respiração microbiana do solo, raízes finas do solo, indivíduos componentes dos sistemas agroflorestais (SAFs) ) e abióticos (umidade e temperatura do solo). As medições foram realizadas nos períodos menos chuvoso (dezembro de 2010) e chuvoso (maio de 2011). O efluxo de CO2do solo foi mais alto no período chuvoso, provavelmente, devido à maior atividade microbiana nesse período influenciada por fatores climáticos aliados a fatores bióticos. O efluxo de CO2do solo se correlacionou positivamente com umidade do solo e carbono da biomassa microbiana e negativamente com temperatura do solo e quociente metabólico, porém as correlações foram fracas. O efluxo de CO2do solo foi sensível ao tipo de sistema agroflorestal e a sazonalidade da precipitação.

Migration and mental health: Japanese Brazilians in Japan and in Brazil

OBJECTIVE: Brazil is the country with the largest community of Japanese descendants in the world, from a migration movement that started in 1908. However, more recently (1988), a movement in the opposite direction began. Many of these descendants went to Japan for work purposes and suffered mental distress. Some of them sought treatment in Japan, while others returned to Brazil to seek treatment. The aim of the present study was to compare the sociodemographic profile and diagnoses of Japanese Brazilian psychiatric outpatients in Japan (remaining group) and in Brazil (returning group). METHOD: All consecutive Japanese Brazilian outpatients who received care from the psychiatric units in Japan and Brazil from April 1997 to April 2000 were compared. The diagnoses were based on ICD-10 and were made by psychiatrists. Sociodemographic data and diagnoses in Brazil and Japan were compared by means of the Chi-Squared Test. RESULTS: The individuals who returned to Brazil were mostly male and unmarried, had lived alone in Japan, had stayed there for short periods and were classified in the schizophrenia group. The individuals who remained in Japan were mostly female and married, were living with family or friends, had stayed there for long periods and were classified in the anxiety group. Logistic regression showed that the most significant factors associated with the returning group were that they had lived alone and stayed for short periods (OR = 0.93 and 40.21, respectively). CONCLUSION: We conclude that living with a family and having a network of friends is very important for mental health in the context evaluated.

Nova genera plantarum...

pt.1-2 1781-82

Nova genera plantarum...

pt.3, 5 1783-84

Hepatology - A Clinical Textbook, Fifth Edition

Hepatology is an ever - changing field. The editors and authors of Hepatology − A Clinical Textbook have made every effort to provide information that is accurate and complete as of thedate of publication. However, in view of the rapid changes occurring in medical science, as well as the possibility of human error, this book may contain technical inaccuracies, typographical or other errors. Readers are advised to check the product information currently provided by the manufacturer of each drug to be administered to verify the recommen ded dose, the method and duration of administration, and contraindications. It is the responsibility of the treating physician who relies on experience and knowledge about the patient to determine dosages and the best treatment for the patient. The informa tion contained herein is provided "as is" and without warranty of any kind. The editors and Flying Publisher & Kamps disclaim responsibility for any errors or omissions or for results obtained from the use of information contained herein.

Short Guide to Hepatitis C

Hepatitis C is a rapidly developing area of medicine – diagnostic tools are ever more refined, and entirely new treatments and treatment strategies are arriving, with more on the horizon. And because the virus affects such a large and varying population – up to 170 million at last count – we think it is important to have a pocket reference especially devoted to hepatitis C. We look forward to your comments on the usefulness of our 2014 Short Guide to Hepatitis C, which is an expansion and update of the HCV chapters in Hepatology – A Clinical Textbook (2014), also published by Flying Publisher. As always, we invite qualified people everywhere to translate this book into other languages, and make them available widely. This web-based free-of- harge concept is made possible by unrestricted educational grants from the pharmaceutical industry and has allowed the material to reach countries usually not covered by print media. We are convinced that this new pocket guide concept, focusing here on hepatitis C, will become a valuable source of information for our readers.

Variations in the Prevalence of Risk Factors for Coronary Artery Disease in Rio Grande do Sul-Brazil: A Comparative Analysis between 2002 and 2014

Abstract Background: Due to the importance of coronary artery disease (CAD), continuous investigation of the risk factors (RFs) is needed. Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of RFs for CAD in cities in Rio Grande do Sul State, and compare it with that reported in a similar study conducted in the same cities in 2002. Methods: Cross-sectional study on 1,056 healthy adults, investigating the prevalence and absolute and relative frequencies of the following RFs for CAD: obesity, systemic arterial hypertension (SAH), dyslipidemias, smoking, sedentary lifestyle, diabetes mellitus, and family history, as well as age and sex. Data was collected in 19 cities, host of the Offices of the Regional Coordinators of Health, as in the 2002 study. Results: Twenty-six percent of the sample consisted of older adults and 57% were women. The prevalence of sedentary lifestyle was 44%, history family 50%, smoking 23%, overweight/obesity 68%, dyslipidemia (high cholesterol levels) 43%, SAH 40%, and diabetes 11%. When compared to the 2002 study, the prevalence of active smoking and sedentary behavior decreased, whereas the prevalence of hypertension, dyslipidemia and obesity increased. Obesity is the most prevalent RF in women, and SAH the most prevalent in men. Conclusions: The prevalence of RFs for CAD in Rio Grande do Sul State remains high. Hypertension, obesity and dyslipidemia are still prevalent and require major prevention programs. Smoking and physical inactivity have decreased in the state, suggesting the efficacy of related campaigns.

Notas sôbre a evolução da Sassurana - Megalopyge lanata (Stoll, 1780). (Lep., Heterocera, Megalopygidae)

This paper is a small contribution to the knowledge of Megalopyge lanata (Stoll, 1780). The caterpillars of this moth are called " Sassurana" and are very known by the fact of having the body densely covered with long hairs, among which are some setae connected with poison glands. They damage the leaves of a large number of plants, enclosed in at least 14 botanical families, being therefore poly-phagous. M. lanata has a great taxonomical importance for it being the type of the family Megalopygidae Berg, 1882. The Author presents some notes on the various common names used for it, on its known natural enemies and also about the biology, according to the observations made by him in the Laboratory of Zoology, of the Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz, São Paulo University, Brasil.

Ocorrência do órgão cupuliforme com bordos pelífenos, no colo dos "seedlings" de algumas Myrtaceae

After verifing the presence of the cupuliform organ on the seedlings from 105 species of Eucalyptus (ACCORSI, 1955-56), the author concluded that it is a morphological characteristic of the genus, which is peculiar to the plants only in first stages of their life. In this paper, the author resumes his study carried out on 20 species of Myrtaceae, distributed among 13 genus and he could certify, until now, that, in relation to the cupuliform organ, they may divided in three groups: 1.° Group - Without cupuliform organ 1. Campomanesia aurea Berg 2. Eugenia campestris DC. 3. Eugenia tomentosa Camb. 4. Eugenia uniflora L. 5. Myrciaria edulis Berg 6. Myrciaria trunciflora Berg 7. Pitangueira-gigante - As it was difficulty to identify this species, I use its common name. 2.° Group - With rudiment of cupuli orm organ 1. Eugenia uvalha Camb. 2. Jambosa vulgaris DC. 3. Myrciaria cauliflora Berg 3.° Group - With full cupuliform organ 1. Amomyrtus luma (Mol) Legr. et Kaus. 2. Blepharocalyx angustifolius Berg 3. Britoa acida Berg 4. Callistemon speciosus DC. o. Callistemon viminalis Cheel. 6. Feijoa sellowiana Berg 7. Myrceugenia glaucescens (Camb.) Legrand 8. Myrrhinium rubriflorum Berg 9. Psidium guayava Raddi 10. Psidium littorale Raddi During his observations, he could identify also in many, seeds an "operculum", further observations about it will be published opportunely.

Estudos sobre a nutrição mineral do sorgo granífero: V. efeitos das deficiências de micronutrientes (nota)

O sorgo granífero, var. TEY 101, foi cultivado em solução nutritiva na presença e ausência de micronutrientes. Foram obtidos sintomas de carência e foi feita a determinação dos teores desses elementos nas folhas.

CFD-basierte hämodynamische Untersuchung patientenspezifischer intrakranieller Aneurysmen

Magdeburg, Univ., Fak. für Verfahrens- und Systemtechnik, Diss., 2015

Eficiência de alguns produtos químicos sobre a "lagarta do cartucho do milho" Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E.Smith, 1797)

A lagarta do cartucho do milho é um sério depredador da cultura do milho. Quase todos os anos, os danos ocasionados às plantas são grandes. Para se conhecer o efeito de alguns defensivos sobre a citada lagarta, realizou-se este trabalho experimental, instalado em Piracicaba, SP, a 09 de dezembro de l983. Os produtos foram aplicados com pulverizador costal, manual, de 20 litros de capacidade, provido de bico em leque Teejet 8002. Utilizaram-se 200 litros de água por hectare e 30 cm³ de "Extravon" (espalhante-adesivo) por 100 litros de calda. Os tratamentos foram nove: A - testemu nha; B - monocrotofós, 240 g; C - bifentrina, 10 g; D - triazofós, 200 g; E -carbamato UC 75118, 150 g; F - monocro tofós, 400 g; G - acefato, 375 g; H - cabamato UC 76724, 150 g; I - clofentezina, 250 g. As quantidades acima são de ingrediente ativo por hectare. Aos 02 dias da pulverização, os melhores foram o triazofós e a bifentrina. Aos 07 dias, nenhum produto apresentava boa eficiência.

Defensivos químicos no combate ao "ácaro rajado" Tetranychus urticae Koch, 1836, em algodão

Com o objetivo de se conhecer a ação de vários produtos químicos contra o ácaro rajado, principal praga algodão em diversas áreas do Estado de São Paulo, foi instalado campo de experimentação em Americana. A aplicação foi feita em 17.02.1984, por meio de atomizador costal de 12 litros de capacidade, à razão de 200 litros de água por hectare. Tratamentos: oito, com quatro repetições, em delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso. Cada parcela (canteiro) media 150 m² (portanto, 600 m² por tratamento). A- testemunha; B - triazofós, 300 g; C - monocrotofós, 600 g; D- bifentrina, 55 g; E - fempropatrina , 150 g; - bifentrina, 60 g; G - binapacril, 800 g; H- clofentezina, 750 g. As quantidades citadas acima são de ingre diente ativo por hectare. Os melhores foram a clofentezina e a bifentrina (Quadros II e III).