376 resultados para ANE


Relevância:

10.00% 10.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Copyright © 2014 International Anesthesia Research Society.BACKGROUND: Goal-directed fluid therapy (GDFT) is associated with improved outcomes after surgery. The esophageal Doppler monitor (EDM) is widely used, but has several limitations. The NICOM, a completely noninvasive cardiac output monitor (Cheetah Medical), may be appropriate for guiding GDFT. No prospective studies have compared the NICOM and the EDM. We hypothesized that the NICOM is not significantly different from the EDM for monitoring during GDFT. METHODS: One hundred adult patients undergoing elective colorectal surgery participated in this study. Patients in phase I (n = 50) had intraoperative GDFT guided by the EDM while the NICOM was connected, and patients in phase II (n = 50) had intraoperative GDFT guided by the NICOM while the EDM was connected. Each patient's stroke volume was optimized using 250- mL colloid boluses. Agreement between the monitors was assessed, and patient outcomes (postoperative pain, nausea, and return of bowel function), complications (renal, pulmonary, infectious, and wound complications), and length of hospital stay (LOS) were compared. RESULTS: Using a 10% increase in stroke volume after fluid challenge, agreement between monitors was 60% at 5 minutes, 61% at 10 minutes, and 66% at 15 minutes, with no significant systematic disagreement (McNemar P > 0.05) at any time point. The EDM had significantly more missing data than the NICOM. No clinically significant differences were found in total LOS or other outcomes. The mean LOS was 6.56 ± 4.32 days in phase I and 6.07 ± 2.85 days in phase II, and 95% confidence limits for the difference were -0.96 to +1.95 days (P = 0.5016). CONCLUSIONS: The NICOM performs similarly to the EDM in guiding GDFT, with no clinically significant differences in outcomes, and offers increased ease of use as well as fewer missing data points. The NICOM may be a viable alternative monitor to guide GDFT.

Relevância:

10.00% 10.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Within a larger program research work is being done on the history of settlement and landscape of the 'Siedlungskammer' Flögeln and the adjacent area. The 'Siedlungskammer' consists of an isolated pleistocene sand ground (Geest-island) surroundet by bogs. Starting from the edge of the Geest, near which large-scale archaeological excavations are carried out, three raised bog profiles were taken at 300, 500 and 4000 m off the prehistoric settlement. They were investigated by means of pollen analysis, and reflect in a decreasing way the activities of man on the Geestisland. Another pollen diagram from the nearby fen peat was worked out for comparison. At the same time it helped to date back a prehistoric sand path to the Roman period. The pollen diagrams cover the vegetational history without gaps from the early Atlantic period to modern times. The vegetation was decisively determined by the poor soils of this area. T'he pollen diagrams give evidence of the activity of settlers since the Neolithic age, with some gaps in the beginning, but later continuously from the middle of the Bronze age until the early migration period. The influence of the nearby settlement, which existed from the Birth of Christ to the 4/5th century, comes out distinctly. Among the cereals which were then cultivated here, there also was rye, at least in the 4/5th century, but most probably already during the Roman period. Besides that people cultivated barley, oats, and flax. The settlement break during the so-called dark ages between the 4/5th century and the time about 800 A.D. was confirmed by pollen analysis. During this time the area was once more covered by forests. The fluctuations of man's activities during the late Middle Ages and modern times, as they are made visible by pollen analysis, correspond to historically wellknown developments.

Relevância:

10.00% 10.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

La reafirmación del modelo político-administrativo ciudadano tras la fase arcaica colonial abre una nueva etapa de prosperidad en la antigua fundación tiria. El esplendor de Gadir en el s. V a.C. se refleja en los textos clásicos y en los hallazgos arqueológicos y, sin embargo, nuestros conocimientos sobre el desarrollo histórico de la ciudad de época púnica son muy limitados. El horizonte arcaico comienza a esclarecerse tras los hallazgos del Teatro Cómico que han sacado a la luz los restos de la fundación tiria y, sin embargo, la ciudad posterior continúa siendo una gran incógnita. ¿A qué lugar se traslada la población una vez que se abandona el asentamiento primitivo? ¿Quiénes son los individuos enterrados en los excepcionales sarcófagos antropoides? ¿Qué relación jerárquica existe entre el asentamiento insular y los situados en tierra firme? ¿Qué papel jugó la industria y comercialización de las salazones? Los interrogantes planteados son múltiples y no hacen más que evidenciar la incapacidad del paradigma tradicional para explicar el desarrollo histórico de la Gadir postcolonial y la necesidad de buscar nuevos modelos interpretativos.

Relevância:

10.00% 10.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

The detailed, rich and diverse Argaric funerary record offers an opportunity to explore social dimensions that usually remain elusive for prehistoric research, such us social rules on kinship rights and obligations, sexual tolerance and the role of funerary practices in preserving the economic and political organization. This paper addresses these topics through an analysis of the social meaning of Argaric double tombs by looking at body treatment and composition of grave goods assemblages according to gender and class affiliation. The Argaric seems to have been a conservative society, scarcely tolerant regarding homosexuality, and willing to celebrate ancestry associated to certain places as a means of asserting residence and property rights.

Relevância:

10.00% 10.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Research surrounding the transition from II to I millennium cal BC in Eastern Iberian Peninsula has a large and extensive tradition of investigation. However, the chances to do research on this historical process have been limited by the lack of a well contextualized and dated stratigraphic sequence. For this reason, recent studies in this topic have followed the periodic proposals which were developed in closer regions and areas, especially in the South East and North East of the Peninsula. The investigation perspective about the Late Bronze in Eastern Iberian has however now improved, with the development of several archaeological investigations, the increase in the number of sites being dated and more recent studies into the region helping to bring about this change. As such, it is now in the correct state to be able to propose a new periodization and delve into the changes which occurred in the transition between 1500 and 725 cal BC.

Relevância:

10.00% 10.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

La tesis mariológica de la conceptio per aurem, según la cual la Virgen María habría concebido a Jesucristo por el oído en el momento de escuchar del ángel el mensaje celestial anunciándole que, sin perder su virginidad, sería madre del Hijo de Dios encarnado, ha merecido hasta ahora muy pocos estudios académicos rigurosamente fundados en fuentes primarias. De hecho, en la literatura especializada son muy escasas las referencias a tal teoría y, cuando algún estudioso la evoca, casi siempre se contenta con aludir a ella, sin aportar pruebas documentales. Sin embargo, tal como lo revelan las nueve pinturas italianas aquí analizadas, esa teoría fue ilustrada mediante sutiles metáforas visuales en muchas obras pictóricas medievales, las cuales se inspiraron en una sólida tradición literaria. Además una pléyade de Padres de la Iglesia y teólogos medievales testimonia, mediante afirmaciones explícitas, que semejante teoría gozó de notable aceptación entre los maestros del pensamiento cristiano. Basándose en numerosos textos patrísticos y teológicos, este artículo intenta dos objetivos esenciales: exponer, ante todo, las distintas formulaciones teóricas propuestas por esos pensadores; y además, tratar de poner en luz los significados dogmáticos que subyacen bajo esa sorprendente tesis.

Relevância:

10.00% 10.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

MusicXML es quizá el más conocido de los formatos de notación musical basados en XML. Se trata de un formato abierto que a día de hoy utilizan multitud de programas musicales. El presente proyecto consiste en desarrollar una aplicación informática que, basandose en los datos rellenados por el usuario en el asistente y los elementos musicales introducidos a posteriori, generar una partitura en formato MusicXML.

Relevância:

10.00% 10.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Agricultural crops can be damaged by funguses, insects, worms and other organisms that cause diseases and decrease the yield of production. The effect of these damaging agents can be reduced using pesticides. Among them, triazole compounds are effective substances against fungus; for example, Oidium. Nevertheless, it has been detected that the residues of these fungicides in foods as well as in derivate products can affect the health of the consumers. Therefore, the European Union has established several regulations fixing the maximum residue of pesticide levels in a wide range of foods trying to assure the consumer safety. Hence, it is very important to develop adequate methods to determine these pesticide compounds. In most cases, gas or liquid chromatographic (GC, LC) separations are used in the analysis of the samples. But firstly, it is necessary to use proper sample treatments in order to preconcentrate and isolate the target analytes. To reach this aim, microextraction techniques are very effective tools; because allow to do both preconcentration and extraction of the analytes in one simple step that considerably reduces the source of errors. With these objectives, two remarkable techniques have been widely used during the last years: solid phase microextraction (SPME) and liquid phase microextraction (LPME) with its different options. Both techniques that avoid the use or reduce the amount of toxic solvents are convenient coupled to chromatographic equipments providing good quantitative results in a wide number of matrices and compounds. In this work simple and reliable methods have been developed using SPME and ultrasound assisted emulsification microextraction (USAEME) coupled to GC or LC for triazole fungicides determination. The proposed methods allow confidently determine triazole concentrations of μg L‐1 order in different fruit samples. Chemometric tools have been used to accomplish successful determinations. Firstly, in the selection and optimization of the variables involved in the microextraction processes; and secondly, to overcome the problems related to the overlapping peaks. Different fractional factorial designs have been used for the screening of the experimental variables; and central composite designs have been carried out to get the best experimental conditions. Trying to solve the overlapping peak problems multivariate calibration methods have been used. Parallel Factor Analysis 2 (PARAFAC2), Multivariate Curve Resolution (MCR) and Parallel Factor Analysis with Linear Dependencies (PARALIND) have been proposed, the adequate algorithms have been used according to data characteristics, and the results have been compared. Because its occurrence in Basque Country and its relevance in the production of cider and txakoli regional wines the grape and apple samples were selected. These crops are often treated with triazole compounds trying to solve the problems caused by the funguses. The peel and pulp from grape and apple, their juices and some commercial products such as musts, juice and cider have been analysed showing the adequacy of the developed methods for the triazole determination in this kind of fruit samples.

Relevância:

10.00% 10.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

El objetivo del presente trabajo es ofrecer por primera vez en cualquier lengua una edición crítica acompañada de traducción y comentario del diálogo aristotélico Sobre la filosofía. Por supuesto, ha habido ediciones con aparato crítico, como la de Rose (18863), ediciones con traducción y comentario, como la de Untersteiner (1963), edición con traducción, como la de Heitz (1869), Teuzabá (1962-63), Báez (2002) o Zanatta (2008), traducción con comentario, como la de Flashar (2006), y unas cuantas ediciones de los fragmentos en griego, como la de Walzer (1934), Ross (1955) y Gigon (1987), por no hablar de las simples traducciones, como la de Barnes (1985), la de Gigon (1961), la de Álvaro Vallejo (2005) o la reciente de Pellegrin (2014). Pero hasta ahora, ninguna que aúne edición crítica, traducción y comentario. Un segundo objetivo era el de realizar una edición que, por un lado, supusiera una puesta al día en la investigación sobre el diálogo y, por otro, que ofreciera al investigador un instrumento de trabajo lo más completo posible para el estudio de la obra, siendo fundamental en ese sentido el aparato de loci similes adjunto al aparato crítico. Y ambos aspectos también han sido cumplidamente abordados. Podemos decir, por tanto, que la principal novedad y la mayor aportación de este trabajo es el cumplimiento de ambos objetivos. Metodología Esta es la primera edición crítica de la obra desde la edición revisada de Rose en 1886. Es, además, como ya dijimos, la única edición existente que aúna una edición crítica del texto griego, una traducción y un comentario. Ahora bien, al ser una edición de fragmentos, está limitada por su propia índole, es decir, tiene que renunciar a características propias de la edición de textos completos como el estudio previo de la tradición manuscrita, el análisis codicológico, el conocimiento de la historia del texto, la determinación de la relaciones entre diversos manuscritos y la consiguiente elaboración de un stemma codicum. Como afirma Bernabé (20102) 125, “el editor de fragmentos ha de buscar los textos del autor que edita dentro de los de otros autores, que son múltiples y diversos”...

Relevância:

10.00% 10.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

[EU]"Arku fazial birtualaren balidazioa eta optimizazioa". Odontologian eta, oro har, medikuntzan, prozesu birtualek geroz eta indar handiagoa hartzen dabiltza, bai espezialista baita pazienteei erraztasuna emateko asmoz. Ildo horretatik jarraituz, protesien eta hortz-errestaurazioen kasuan, ikerketa sakonak burutu dira, prozesuaren ahalik eta zatirik handiena digitalizatzeko. Digitalizazio prozesu honetan CAD/CAM sistemaren aurrerapenek ere zeresan handia izan dute; izan ere, protesi eta errestaurazioen prozesu tradizionala ordezkatzea ahalbidetu du. Prozesu digitalek hainbat onura suposatu arren, zein fidagarriak diren konprobatzea ezinbestekoa da, prozesuarentzat metodologiarik egokiena aukeratu ahal izateko. Horretan zentratzen da hain zuzen proiektu hau. Protesien diseinu birtuala egin ahal izateko, beharrezkoa da horzduren kokapen birtuala lortzea, artikulagailu birtualean kokatu ahal izateko. Horretarako arku fazial birtuala erabiliko da, baina oraindik ez da metodologiarik egokiena zein den konprobatu. Beraz, proiektu honen helburua arku fazial birtual egokiena zein den zehaztea da, horretarako metodologia ezberdinak konparatuko direlarik bai modelo ez-erreala erabiliz (in vitro) baita paziente errealekin (in vivo). Horrela, prozesu ezberdinen zehaztasuna zein den konprobatu ahal izango da, bakoitzaren egiazkotasuna eta doitasuna aztertuz. Emaitzetan oinarrituz, arku fazial birtual gisa metodologiarik egokiena zein den ondorioztatu ahal izango da.

Relevância:

10.00% 10.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

El objetivo de esta tesis doctoral es presentar el marco completo que abarca la real boda de María Luisa de Orleáns y Carlos II, desde que tuvo lugar la ceremonia por poderes el 31 de agosto de 1679 en Fontainebleau hasta la real entrada en Madrid el 11 de enero de 1681, basado en el estudio y edición de las fuentes que relatan el acontecimiento y los elementos teatrales y parateatrales que subyacen de dicho estudio, con la idea de demostrar la funcionalidad de la fiesta y la literatura en la celebración nupcial. La presente tesis se inscribe en la línea de investigación del trabajo que presentamos para la obtención del DEA, titulado Boda de Felipe IV y Mariana de Austria (1649) Relaciones de sucesos y poesía celebrativa, cuya elaboración abrió el campo de investigación de la tesis que ahora presentamos en tres direcciones: la primera de ellas, el estudio de las relaciones de sucesos cortesanas, fuente histórica principal. La segunda, la literatura española de las postrimerías del Barroco y la tercera, la figura de la reina María Luisa de Orleáns. Durante la primera parte de nuestra investigación nos hemos encontrado con muchas fuentes de información y a priori con un tema trabajado desde diferentes ángulos. De manera que la originalidad de nuestra tesis radica, por un lado, en la focalización del tema, enmarcándolo en el acontecimiento de la real boda, tomando para ello fuentes de información tanto histórica, como literaria; y por otro lado, la perspectiva ofrecida desde el punto de vista y el sentir de la reina María Luisa, que es lo que da sentido a la literatura que enmarca la boda de los reyes. El planteamiento y el contenido de esta tesis se justifican por la necesidad de ilustrar el evento regio bajo una luz que aúne la ingente información que nos ofrecen las fuentes históricas y literarias, y presentar de manera sinérgica los aspectos históricos, literarios y filológicos, demostrando con ello la indisolubilidad de estos campos de investigación para una mayor aproximación a la verdad histórica...

Relevância:

10.00% 10.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

This review was requested by the Department of Disabilities and Special Needs for an independent review of allegations of abuse, neglect, and exploitation at SC Mentor, a private provider of residential services for DDSN consumers. An analysis of incidents did not indicate systemic abuse towards consumers inasmuch as the majority of the ANE reporting system contained allegations more akin to staff/facility performance issues and the vast majority of all allegations were unsustained by independent investigations. In the future, DDSN should expand the level of detail in its ANE reporting, which currently only reports total allegations and sustained criminal incidents.

Relevância:

10.00% 10.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

The Atlantic sawtail catshark, Galeus atlanticus, has long been synonymous with the blackmouth catshark, Galeus melastomus, until the validity of G. atlanticus was resurrected by Muñoz-Chapuli and Ortega (1985). Despite this resurrection, the two species are still often confused because of their close resemblance. Consequently, field characters are proposed to distinguish the two sibling species. In particular, the internal colour of the labial furrows is easily observable on fresh specimens and also on preserved ones in museum collections, since it is blackish in G. atlanticus as opposed to white in G. melastomus. The two Atlanto-Mediterranean species are also compared to the West-African species G. polli.