Diet-induced obesity impairs AKT signalling in the retina and causes retinal degeneration

Retinopathy, a common complication of diabetes, is characterized by an unbalanced production of nitric oxide (NO), a process regulated by nitric oxide synthase (NOS). We hypothesized that retinopathy might stem from changes in the insulin receptor substrate (IRS)/PI3K/AKT pathway and/or expression of NOS isoforms. Thus, we analysed the morphology and apoptosis index in retinas of obese rats in whom insulin resistance had been induced by a high-fat diet (HFD). Immunoblotting analysis revealed that the retinal tissue of HFD rats had lower levels of AKT1, eNOS and nNOS protein than those of samples taken from control animals. Furthermore, immunohistochemical analyses indicated higher levels of iNOS and 4-hydroxynonenal and a larger number of apoptotic nuclei in HFD rats. Finally, both the inner and outer retinal layers of HFD rats were thinner than those in their control counterparts. When considered alongside previous results, these patterns suggest two major ways in which HFD might impact animals: direct activity of ingested fatty acids and/or via insulin-resistance-induced changes in intracellular pathways. We discuss these possibilities in further detail and advocate the use of this animal model for further understanding relationships between retinopathy, metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes. © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Informe del Decimosegundo Período de Sesiones del Comité de Expertos Gubernamentales de Alto Nivel (CEGAN), Buenos Aires, 1 al 3 de diciembre de 1986 = Report of the Twelfth Session of the Committee of High-Level Government Experts (CEGAN), Buenos Aires, 1-3 December 1986

Presenta la organizacion de los trabajos, resumen de los debates y conclusiones de la reunion del CEGAN que se convoco a fin de servir de foco preparatorio para la Conferencia Extraordinaria de la CEPAL, celebrada en Mexico entre el 19 y el 23 de enero de 1987, y cuyo tema principal se refiere a estrategias y politicas nacionales e internacionales conducentes a la recuperacion y al desarrollo de los paises de la region.

Interleucina-9 estimula a expressão de CCL17/TARC em células epiteliais de pulmão murino

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Estudo da influência dos genótipos 1 e 3 do vírus da hepatite C sobre os indicadores do metabolismo lipídico em hepatopatas crônicos

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Análise por ferramentas de bioinformática da proteína não-estrutural 5A do vírus da hepatite C genótipo 1 e 3 em amostras pré-tratamento

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Associação genômica ampla para características reprodutivas em bovinos da raça Nelore

Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FCAV

N-Methyl-2-(1-methyl-3-phenyl­prop-2-en-1-yl­idene)hydrazinecarbo­thio­amide

In the title compound, C12H15N3S, the mol­ecule deviates slightly from planarity, with a maximum deviation from the mean plane of the non-H atoms of 0.2756 (6) Å for the S atom and a torsion angle for the N-N-C-N fragment of -7.04 (16)°. In the crystal, mol­ecules are linked by N-H...S hydrogen-bond inter­actions, forming centrosymmetric dimers. Additionally, one weak intra­molecular N-H...N hydrogen-bond inter­action is observed. The crystal packing shows a herringbone arrangement viewed along the c axis.

The PI3K-Akt-eNOS pathway is involved in aortic hyporeactivity to Phenylephrine associated with late pregnancy in spontaneously hypertensive rats

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Synthesis and antitubercular evaluation of new 1,2,3-triazole derivatives of carbohydrates

Coordenação de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Unesp Informa, 2010, ano 1, número 3

Boletim elaborado pela Assessoria de Comunicação e Imprensa da Reitoria da UNESP

Unesp Ciência, 2009, ano 1, número 3

Revista elaborada pela Assessoria de Comunicação e Imprensa da Reitoria da UNESP

Refuge Update – May/June 2004, Volume 1, Number 3

Table of Contents: Recreation Fees Change the Face of Refuges, page 4 Focus on Cultural Resources, page 8 “Ambassadorship” is Thriving in Texas, page 15 BayScaping: Conserving Views and Habitats, page 16

Synthesis of 1,2,3-triazolylpyranosides through click chemistry reaction

We have developed an efficient method for the synthesis of functionalized C-glycosyl 1,2,3-triazoles through a Cu(1)-promoted azide-alkyne 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition between a TMS-protected C-alkynyl-glycoside and organic azides. The reaction was accelerated by ultrasound irradiation and the addition of a base was not necessary to obtain the 1,2,3-triazole product. Moreover, further manipulation of the products led to chiral molecules with a C-glycoside linkage. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.