A valorização dos alunos de uma escola do 1º CEB sobre os valores em contexto de sala de aula

Relatório de Estágio apresentado à Escola Superior de Educação dp Instituto Politécnico de Castelo Branco para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau de Mestre em Educação Pré-escolar e Ensino do 1º ciclo do Ensino Básico.

A avaliação da aprendizagem na escola Waldecy Corrêa: um estudo na terceira e quarta série do ensino fundamental I

O presente estudo, sobre avaliação de aprendizagens, apesar de ser abordado por outros autores de variadas formas, esboça-se aqui com o tema A Avaliação da Aprendizagem na Escola Waldecy Corrêa: um estudo na terceira e quarta série do ensino fundamental I que tem como finalidade uma análise teórica e prática acerca da avaliação no processo de ensino e aprendizagem na escola supracitada. Essa abordagem constitui-se de extrema relevância para o entendimento da temática, haja vista, que a avaliação da aprendizagem ser um assunto bastante discutido entre os teóricos que postularam um significado com o propósito de nortear a base conceituai sobre o tema em estudo. Para embasar teoricamente foram imprescindíveis as ideias produzidas por alguns autores como Luckesi, Hoffmann, Perrenoud, Sant’Anna, Saul, além das políticas públicas como a LDB\ PCN's2, a Sistemática de Avaliação do Estado do Amapá entre outros, que focalizam a importância desta temática. Embora a estimativa produzida na presente pesquisas se traduza em efeitos de mudança na forma de aplicar a avaliação da aprendizagem com a realidade analisada. Os procedimentos metodológicos envolveram tanto a técnica qualitativa - articulada com o estudo de caso envolvendo como instrumentos na coleta de dados as observações e entrevistas, bem como a quantitativa como tratamento das informações recolhidas pela aplicação dos questionários para obtenção de resultados em consonância com nossos objetivos. As informações obtidas por meio dos resultados revelaram tendencialmente que os investigados estão perpassando de uma concepção de avaliação seletiva para uma avaliação de processo, embora tenha se observado alguns contrapontos. Nesse sentido, a proposta é que o professor busque ampliar o seu entendimento acerca da avaliação para que possa promover uma nova cultura do verdadeiro sentido do que, como, quando e para que avaliar. Dessa forma, a avaliação da aprendizagem se manifestará objetivando uma ação reflexiva e emancipatória dos sujeitos envolvidos em sua processualização. ABSTRACT: ln spite of being approached in several ways by other authors, the present study here outlines itself with the theme "The Evaluation of the Learning at Waldecy Corrêa School: a study in the third and fourth year of the primary education" and its purpose is a theoretical and practical analysis about the evaluation in the process of teaching and learning at the aforesaid school. This approach is constituted of extreme relevance for the understanding of the thematic in as much as the evaluation is a subject discussed a lot among the theorists who postulate a meaning with the purpose of guiding conceptual basis on the theme studied. The ideas produced by some authors, such as Luckesi, Hoffmann, Perrenoud, Sant'Anna, Saul, besides the public politics like the LDB\ PCN's2, the systematic of evaluation of the State of Amapá, among others that focus on the importance of this thematic were indispensable to give it basis theoretically. Although the estimate produced in the present research is translated into effect of change in the way of applying the evaluation in the learning together with the reality analyzed. The methodological procedures have involved the qualitative technique - articulated with the study of cases having as the tools in the data collection the observations and interviews - as well as the quantitative technique as treatment of the information collected by applying the questionnaires for obtaining the outcomes in harmony with our goals. The information obtained by the results has revealed the tendency that the investigated students are changing from a conception of selective evaluation to an evaluation of process. Although we have observed some counterpoints. ln this sense, the proposal is that the teacher looks for enlarging his understanding about the evaluation so that he can promote a new culture of the true sense of "what", "how", "when" and ''what for" to evaluate. This way, the evaluation of learning will be made known by aiming at a reflexive and emancipating action of the subjects involved in their processing.

Gestão democrática caminhos e possibilidades : um estudo de caso em uma escola pública de ensino fundamental em Belém

A linha de pesquisa desenvolvida nesta dissertação não é inédita, todavia, apresenta algumas peculiaridades a respeito da gestão democrática para a educação brasileira, mais especificamente em Belém do Pará, que são no mínimo, um contributo à sociedade. Principalmente porque demonstra sucintamente, no primeiro e segundo capítulos a trajetória sócio histórica e a política-pedagógica da gestão democrática no Brasil a partir dos meados do século XVI, até a implementação da LDB nº 9394/96. No terceiro capítulo trato a respeito das Leis de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação Nacional, nº 5692/71 e da LDB nº 9394/96, esta última objetivou romper com os resquícios deixados pela 5692/71, vale frisar que o primeiro estado a implementar as Leis de Diretrizes e Bases, assentadas na Lei nº 9394/96, foi o estado do Pará. Nos capítulos: quarto e quinto destaco a Metodologia aplicada à pesquisa de campo; às análises dos dados coletados e mensurados, e construo uma triangulação e/ou cruzamento (Teoria-Práxis-Teoria que resultará à práxis), entre a teoria pesquisada e analisada, com as referências bibliográficas e com os dados coletados no campo acerca dos caminhos e possibilidades necessários para articular a gestão democrática no município de Belém. Para construir esse trajeto recorri às leituras bibliográficas de autores que já aprofundaram o assunto como: José Júlio Chiavenato, Luiz Fernando Dourado, Paulo Freire, Moacir Gadotti, Carlos Libâneo, João Monlevad, Vítor Paro, Michel Thiollent, Sofia Lérché Vieira entre outros autores que contribuíram para a construção teórica e prática, e que estão citados na referência. No que concerne a pesquisa de campo foi efetivada uma sondagem prévia e uma apresentação do tema à direção da escola e para a presidente do Conselho Escolar, em seguida foram feitos contatos com os profissionais da educação através de conversas informais a cerca do assunto. Após esse processo foram aplicados questionários com vinte e seis perguntas objetivas e duas perguntas subjetivas, que estão expostas no anexo desta dissertação; outros mecanismos utilizados na pesquisa de campo foram as entrevistas in lócus com alguns profissionais da escola pesquisada, utilizou-se também a observação participante com o viés na abordagem sócio histórica. O trabalho de campo e as referências bibliográficas coadunadas à observação participante, no cotidiano da comunidade escolar, foram essenciais para a consolidação deste trabalho dissertativo que envolveu um tema, que certamente, está em voga na educação brasileira e que serviu como base para o título desta dissertação: Gestão democrática caminhos e possibilidades:. Um estudo de caso em uma escola pública de ensino fundamental em Belém. A dissertação em questão também apresenta no capítulo quinto o tripé básico para a análise científica relacionada a gestão democrática que são: Eleição direta para o Conselho Escolar, eleição direta para o diretor/articulador/social, eleição para o grêmio estudantil, esta sob a direção dos alunos. A base desse tripé deve estar assentada na participação qualitativa de todas as categorias da comunidade escolar, preservando e respeitando a autonomia de cada categoria, bem como demonstra a aproximação e a contribuição da comunidade externa para o processo de ensino-aprendizagem. E, por fim, não menos importante, proponho algumas sugestões que estão expostas nas conclusões e demonstram claramente a necessidade de implementação de alguns caminhos a serem seguidos e implementados para que de fato e de direito se processe a gestão democrática participativa, à luz dos conceitos apresentados nesta dissertação que estão diretamente relacionados à formação, à participação, e à autonomia, para isso é necessário alguns ajustes na lei nº 7.722/94, na resolução nº036/2008 e o conhecimento e domínio da Lei nº 9394/96.__ ABSTRACT: The line of research developed in this thesis is not new, however, presents some peculiarities about the democratic management in Brazilian education, specifically in Belem, which are at least a contribution to society. Mainly because it shows succinctly in the first and second chapters the history and socio-historical political-pedagogical democratic management in Brazil since the mid-sixteenth century through implementation of the LDB 9394/96. ln the third chapter dealing with respect to the Laws of Directives and Bases of National Education, 5692/71 and 9394/96 LDB, the latter aimed to break with the remnants left over from 5692/71, it is worth stressing that the first state to implement the laws Guidelines and Bases, sitting in the Law 9394/96, was the Para The fourth and fifth chapters highlight the Methodology applied to field research, the analysis of data collected and measured and construct a triangulation and I or intersection (Theory-Praxis-Theory resulting praxis), between theory researched and analyzed with the references and the data collected in the field about the ways and possibilities necessary to articulate the democratic management at the education system in the municipality of Belém. To construct this path resorted to reading literature by authors who have explored the subject as: Jose Julio Chiavenato, Luiz Fernando Dourado, Paulo Freire, Moacir Gadotti, Carlos Libâneo John Monlevade, Paro Vítor, Michel Thiollent, Sofia Lerche Vieira and others who contributed to the theoretical and practical construction andare cited in the reference. Regarding the field research, it was carried a survey and a preliminary presentation of the theme to the school principal and to the School Board president, then were made contacts with professionals in education, through informal conversations about the subject. After this procedure were applied questionnaires with twenty-six objective questions and two subjective questions that are exposed in the appendix of this thesis. Other mechanisms used in field research were interviews in locus with some professionals of the surveyed. It was also used participant observation with the bias in the socio-historical approach. The field research and the references link ed to the participant observation in daily school community. were essential for the consolidation of this dissertational work involving a theme, which certainly, is in vogue in the Brazilian education and That served as the basis for this title dissertation: Management democratic ways and possibilities: A in a public elementary school case study in Belém. This dissertation Thesis presents in Its fifth chapter the basic tripod for scientific analysis related to the democratic management which are: Direct election for the School Board, direct election for chief articulator/social, for students union, this last one under the direction of the students. The basis of this tripod must be seated in the qualitative participation of all categories of the school community, preserving and respecting the autonomy of each on and demonstrates the approach and the contribution of the externa! community to the process of teaching and learning. At finally, but not less important propose some suggestions that are exposed on the conclusion and clearly demonstrate the need to implement some ways to be followed and implemented so that actually and by law the participatory democratic management, may be conducted according to Ulrich the concepts of this dissertation, are directly related to education, participation, and autonomy. However, this requires some adjustments in the Law 7.722/94, in its resolution 036/2008, and indeed the knowledge mastery of the Law 9394/96.

Teaching-learning process of historical heritage: a Journey as a beginning, path and end

The implantation of new university degrees within the European Higher Education Area implies the need of innovative methodologies in teaching and learning to improve the skills and competencies of students and to answer the growing needs that society continuously demands to heritage management experts. The present work shows an application of the teaching methodology proposed during the international workshop entitled “I International Planning Preservation Workshop. Learning from Al Andalus”, which included the participation of the University of Alicante and Granada, Università Politecnico di Milano and Hunter College City University of New York; where we tried to dissolve traditional boundaries derived of interuniversity cooperation programs. The main objective of the workshop was to discuss and debate the role of urban Historical Centers within the Global Heritage by the integrated work through multidisciplinary teams and the creation of a permanent international working group between these universities to both teach and research. The methodology of this workshop was very participatory and considered the idea of a new learning process generated by "a journey experience." A trip from global to local (from the big city to the small village) but also a trip from the local (historical) part of a big city to the global dimension of contemporary historical villages identified by the students through a system of exhibition panels in affinity groups, specific projects proposed by lecturers and teachers or the generation of publications in various areas (texts, photographs, videos, etc.). So, the participation of the students in this multidisciplinary meeting has enhanced their capacity for self-criticism in several disciplines and has promoted their ability to perform learning and research strategies in an autonomous way. As a result, it has been established a permanent international work structure for the development of projects of the Historical City. This relationship has generated the publication of several books whose contents have reflected the conclusions developed in the workshop and several teaching proposals shared between those institutions. All these aspects have generated a new way of understanding the teaching process through a journey, in order to study the representative role of university in the historical heritage and to make students (from planning, heritage management, architecture, geography, sociology, history or engineering areas) be compromised on searching strategies for sustainable development in the Contemporary City.

A study of self-directed learning at an Ontario college of applied arts and technology

Ontario Colleges of Applied Arts and Technology (CAATs) are currently in the process of restructuring to ensure quality, accountability, and accessibility of college education. References to learner involvement and self-directed learning are prevalent. "Alternative delivery" and "paradigm shift" are current buzzwords within the Ontario CAAT system as an environment is created supportive of change. Instability of funding has also dictated a need for change. Therefore, a focus has become quality of learning with less demand on public resources. This qualitative case study was conducted at an Ontario CAAT to gather descriptive, perceptual data from post-secondary community college educators who were identified as supportive of self-directed learning and from post-secondary, traditional-aged college students who were perceived by their educators to be selfdirected learners. This college was selected because of initiatives to modify its academic paradigm to encourage what was reputed in the Ontario CAAT system to be self-directed learning. The purpose of this study was to investigate how postsecondary, traditional-aged college students and their educators perceive self-directed learning as part of the teaching-learning experience within a community college setting. Educator participants of the study were selected based on the results of a teaching and learning survey intended to identify educators supportive of self-directed learning. A total of 317 surveys were distributed to every full-time educator at the sample college; 192 completed surveys were returned for a return rate of 61 %. Of these, 8% indicated instructional beliefs and values supportive of self-directed learning. A purposive sample of six educators was selected using a maximulp variation sampling strategy. A network selection sampling strategy was used to select a purposive sample of seven post-secondary students who were identified by the sample educators as selfdirected learners. The results of the study show that students and educators have similar perspectives and operating definitions of self-directed learning and all participants believe they either practice or facilitate self-directed learning. However, their perspectives and practices are not consistent with the literature which emphasizes learner autonomy or control in course structure and content. A central characteristic of the participants represented in this study is the service-oriented professions with which each is associated. Experientiallearning opportunities were highly valued for the options provided in increasing learner independence and competencies in reflective practice. Although there were discrepancies between espoused theory and theory in practice in terms of course structure, the process of self-directed learning was being practiced and supported outside the classroom structure in clinical settings, labs and related experiences.

Alternative Tasks for the Teaching and the Learning of functions: analysis of an intervention in the High School

In this paper we focus on the application of two mathematical alternative tasks to the teaching and learning of functions with high school students. The tasks were elaborated according to the following methodological approach: (i) Problem Solving and/or mathematics investigation and (ii) a pedagogical proposal, which defends that mathematical knowledge is developed by means of a balance between logic and intuition. We employed a qualitative research approach (characterized as a case study) aimed at analyzing the didactic pedagogical potential of this type of methodology in high school. We found that tasks such as those presented and discussed in this paper provide a more significant learning for the students, allowing a better conceptual understanding, becoming still more powerful when one considers the social-cultural context of the students.

From a Vicious Circle of Anxiety to a Virtuous Circle of Learning: Experience of Teaching to a Heterogenous Clientele

A considerable body of literature suggests that significant psychological barrier and anxiety characterize the teaching and learning process in statistics. This study investigates the incidence of statistics anxiety, the extent to which it can be overcome and the factors that contribute to the process of overcoming it. Self-study and overall teaching quality, amongst others, significantly contributed to this outcome. This study identifies factors contributing to overall teaching quality. The teaching and learning process typified a highly effective communication mechanism based on an appropriate diagnosis of individual needs. This cumulative change resulted from circular causation. It is argued that given appropriate conditions the vicious circle of anxiety can be transformed into a virtuous circle of learning.

New lecturers' beliefs about learning, teaching and assessment in higher education:the role of the PGCLTHE programme

This study was carried out with new lecturers on a two year Post Graduate Certificate in Learning and Teaching in Higher Education programme in a UK university. The aim was to establish their beliefs about how studying on the programme aligned with their teaching and learning philosophy and what, if anything, had changed or constrained those beliefs. Ten lecturers took part in an in-depth semi-structured interview. Content analysis of the transcripts suggested positive reactions to the programme but lecturers’ new insights were sometimes constrained by departments and university bureaucracy, particularly in the area of assessment. The conflicting roles of research and teaching were also a major issue facing these new professionals.

Approaches to Organization of Teaching for Creating Digital Learning Materials

Report published in the Proceedings of the National Conference on "Education in the Information Society", Plovdiv, May, 2013

Review into the Proposed Registration of Teachers and Others who Support Learning in the Independent Sector with the Education Workforce Council

During the passage of the Education (Wales) Bill, Assembly Members called for parity in the way the behaviour of practitioners within maintained schools and the independent sector are regulated. This study was therefore commissioned to gather the views of groups and individuals who work in the education sector in Wales, on whether: i) there should be a requirement for practitioners (both teaching and learning support staff) within independent schools and private FE institutions to register with the Council ii) employers should be legally required to refer cases of unacceptable professional conduct and serious professional incompetence to the Council It was also intended, through this process, to gather views on the potential implications associated with any such registration so that the resulting impact could be identified. The individuals and organisations consulted included head teachers, college principals, governing bodies, teaching staff, learning support staff, trade unions, registration bodies, independent sector representative bodies, inspectorates and teaching councils. Consultations took place between August and November 2015, with data gathered through an online survey, face-to-face interviews, telephone interviews and via email.

Contributions of Neuroscience to Develop Teaching Strategies and Learning of Mathematics

The goal of the present work is to develop some strategies based on research in neurosciences that contribute to the teaching and learning of mathematics. The interrelationship of education with the brain, as well as the relationship of cerebral structures with mathematical thinking was discussed. Strategies were developed taking into consideration levels that include cognitive, semiotic, language, affect and the overcoming of phobias to the subject. The fundamental conclusion was the imperative educational requirement in the near future of a new teacher, whose pedagogic formation must include the knowledge on the cerebral function, its structures and its implications to education, as well as a change in pedagogy and curricular structure in the teaching of mathematics.

The Australian Universities Teaching Committee project in 'Learning Outcomes and Curriculum Development in Psychology'

The Australian Universities Teaching Committee (AUTC) funds projects intended to improve the quality of teaching and learning in specific disciplinary areas. The project brief for 'Learning Outcomes and Curriculum Development in Psychology' for 2004/2005 was to 'produce an evaluative overview of courses ... with a focus on the specification and assessment of learning outcomes and ... identify strategic directions for universities to enhance teaching and learning'. This project was awarded to a consortium from The University of Queensland, University of Tasmania, and Southern Cross University. The starting point for this project is an analysis of the scientist-practitioner model and its role in curriculum design, a review of current challenges at a conceptual level, and consideration of the implications of recent changes to universities relating to such things as intemationalisation of programs and technological advances. The project will seek to bring together stakeholders from around the country in order to survey the widest possible range of perspectives on the project brief requirements. It is hoped also to establish mechanisms for fiiture scholarly discussion of these issues, including the establishment of an Australian Society for the Teaching of Psychology and an annual conference.

Innovations in technology: a friendly math project and the learning analytics “challenge”

Currently the world around us "reboots" every minute and “staying at the forefront” seems to be a very arduous task. The continuous and “speeded” progress of society requires, from all the actors, a dynamic and efficient attitude both in terms progress monitoring and moving adaptation. With regard to education, no matter how updated we are in relation to the contents, the didactic strategies and technological resources, we are inevitably compelled to adapt to new paradigms and rethink the traditional teaching methods. It is in this context that the contribution of e-learning platforms arises. Here teachers and students have at their disposal new ways to enhance the teaching and learning process, and these platforms are seen, at the present time, as significant virtual teaching and learning supporting environments. This paper presents a Project and attempts to illustrate the potential that new technologies present as a “backing” tool in different stages of teaching and learning at different levels and areas of knowledge, particularly in Mathematics. We intend to promote a constructive discussion moment, exposing our actual perception - that the use of the Learning Management System Moodle, by Higher Education teachers, as supplementary teaching-learning environment for virtual classroom sessions can contribute for greater efficiency and effectiveness of teaching practice and to improve student achievement. Regarding the Learning analytics experience we will present a few results obtained with some assessment Learning Analytics tools, where we profoundly felt that the assessment of students’ performance in online learning environments is a challenging and demanding task.

The effectiveness of short-term literacy skills intervention on children at risk of reading and writing difficulties in Tanzania : a study of grade one children with dynamic assessment approach

The aim of the study was to create and evaluate an intervention programme for Tanzanian children from a low-income area who are at risk of reading and writing difficulties. The learning difficulties, including reading and writing difficulties, are likely to be behind many of the common school problems in Tanzania, but they are not well understood, and research is needed. The design of the study included an identification and intervention phase with follow-up. A group based dynamic assessment approach was used in identifying children at risk of difficulties in reading and writing. The same approach was used in the intervention. The study was a randomized experiment with one experimental and two control groups. For the experimental and the control groups, a total of 96 (46 girls and 50 boys) children from grade one were screened out of 301 children from two schools in a low income urban area of Dar-es-Salaam. One third of the children, the experimental group, participated in an intensive training programme in literacy skills for five weeks, six hours per week, aimed at promoting reading and writing ability, while the children in the control groups had a mathematics and art programme. Follow-up was performed five months after the intervention. The intervention programme and the tests were based on the Zambian BASAT (Basic Skill Assessment Tool, Ketonen & Mulenga, 2003), but the content was drawn from the Kiswahili school curriculum in Tanzania. The main components of the training and testing programme were the same, only differing in content. The training process was different from traditional training in Tanzanian schools in that principles of teaching and training in dynamic assessment were followed. Feedback was the cornerstone of the training and the focus was on supporting the children in exploring knowledge and strategies in performing the tasks. The experimental group improved significantly more (p = .000) than the control groups during the intervention from pre-test to follow-up (repeated measures ANOVA). No differences between the control groups were noticed. The effect was significant on all the measures: phonological awareness, reading skills, writing skills and overall literacy skills. A transfer effect on school marks in Kiswahili and English was found. Following a discussion of the results, suggestions for further research and adaptation of the programme are presented.