The influence of residual stress and crystallite size on the magnetic properties of electrodepo sited nanocrystalline Pd-Co alloys

Nanocrystalline Pd-Co alloys were obtained by electrodeposition from an ammoniacal chloride bath. The influence of the crystallite size and the residual stress on the magnetic properties of the alloys was investigated. The residual stress increased as the applied current density was increased. It was associated to the high nucleation rate during electrodeposition and correlated to the lattice strain, estimated from the XRD patterns. Also from the XRD patterns the average crystallite size and the lattice constant were determined by Scherrer's and Rietveld's methods, respectively. Both parameters were directly influenced by the applied current density. Magnetic properties such as coercivity, remanence, saturation magnetization and squareness showed strong dependence on the residual stress and crystallite size. Coercivity higher than 1 kOe was achieved when a high current density was applied. High coercivity was attributed to the presence of residual stress and to the small crystallite size of deposits. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Evaluating the residual stress in PbTiO3 thin films prepared by a polymeric chemical method

We report a study of residual stress in PbTiO3 (PT) thin films prepared on Si substrates by a polymeric chemical method. The E(1TO) frequency was used to evaluate the residual stress through an empirical equation available for bulk PT. We find that the residual stress in PT films increases as the film thickness decreases and conclude that it originates essentially from the contributions of extrinsic and intrinsic factors. Polarized Raman experiments showed that the PT films prepared by a polymeric chemical method are somewhat a-domain (polar axis c parallel to the substrate) oriented.

Prediction via neural networks of the residual hydrogen peroxide used in photo-fenton processes for effluent treatment

This communication proposes the use of neural networks in the prediction of residual concentrations of hydrogen peroxide from the treatment of effluents through Advanced Oxidative Processes (AOP's), in particular, the photo-Fenton process. To verify the efficiency of the oxidative process, the Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) parameter, the values of which may be modified by the presence of oxidizing agents such as residual hydrogen peroxide, is frequently taken in account. The analysis of the H2O2 interference was performed by spectrophotometry at 450 nm wavelength, via the monitoring of the reaction of ammonia with metavanadate. The results of the hydrogen peroxide residual concentration were modeled via a feedforward neural network, with the correlation coefficients between actual and predicted values above 0.96, indicating good prediction capacity.

Residual signal auto-correlation to evaluate speech in Parkinson's disease patients

Objective: To evaluate the maximum residual signal auto-correlation also known as pitch amplitude (PA) values in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. Method. The signals of 21 Parkinson's patients were compared with 15 healthy individuals, divided according age and gender. Results: Statistical difference was seen between groups for PA, 0.39 for controls and 0.25 for PD. Normal value threshold was set as 0.3; (p <= 0.001). In the Parkinson's group 80.77%, and in the control group only 12.28%, had a PA < 0.3 demonstrating an association between these variables. The dispersion diagram for age and PA for PD individuals showed p=0.01 and r=0.54. There was no significant difference in relation to gender and PA between groups: Conclusion: the significant differences in pitch's amplitude between PD patients and healthy individuals demonstrate the methods specificity.-The results showed the need of prospective controlled studies,to improve the use and indications of residual signal auto-correlation to evaluate speech in PD patients.

Evaluation of residual iron in carbon nanotubes purified by acid treatments

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Meta-análise de parâmetros genéticos relacionados ao consumo alimentar residual e a suas características componentes em bovinos

The objective of this work was to estimate, by meta-analysis, the heritability (h(2)) and the genetic (r(g)) and phenotypic (r(f)) correlations of residual feed intake (RFI), and of its component traits in beef cattle from 19 breeds or genetic groups. Twenty-two scientific papers published from 1963 to 2011, from eight countries, totaling 52,637 cattle of ages from 28 days up to slaughter, were evaluated. The estimates of RFI, dry matter intake (DMI), average daily gain (ADG) and metabolic weight (BW0.75) were weighted by the inverse of sample variance. The variation between studies of h(2) for each trait was analyzed by weighted least squares. The effects of sex, country and breed were significant for h(2) of RFI, explaining 67% of variation between studies. For DMI, country and breed effects were significant and explained 96% of variation. Pooled estimates of h(2) were: 0.255+/-0.008, 0.278+/-0.012, 0.321+/-0.015, and 0.397+/-0.032 for RFI, DMI, ADG and BW0.75, respectively. Pooled estimates of genetic and phenotypic correlations were low between RFI and ADG and between RFI and BW0.75 (from -0.021+/-0.034 to 0.025+/-0.035), and moderate between RFI and DMI (0.636+/-0.035 and 0.698+/-0.041) and between DMI, ADG and BW0.75 (0.441+/-0.062 to 0.688+/-0.032). The trait RFI has lower heritability estimates than its components.

Squamous cell carcinoma in a residual mandibular cyst

Described is a case of squamous-cell carcinoma arising in a residual cyst in a 60-year-old edentulous woman. The clinical and radiographic diagnosis was residual cyst, and the treatment employed was conservative surgical enucleation. The cause of these changes is unknown. Theoretically, the inflammatory reaction may have been a predisposing factor.

Densification and residual stresses induced in glass surfaces by Vickers indentations

Images and profiles of Vickers impressions produced on as-received float-glass were obtained using atomic force microscopy (AFM). The images show that the impression edges undergo elastic recovery parallel to surface. The profiles made it possible to measure vertical elastic recovery, ev(r). For a 40 g nominal load, maximum penetration depth of indenter was (2.20 ± 0.03) μm, and recovery at the impression center was ev(0) = (0.98 ± 0.03) μm. Vertical elastic recovery was non-uniform along profiles. Permanent impressions produced resulted from glass mass displacement downward, producing an increase in glass density in impression vicinity, which is discussed in terms of changes in O-Si-O and Si-O-Si bond angles and Si-O bond length. Near impression edges, pileup was observed for which a simplified model is proposed taking into account the compaction and stresses near the impressions. © 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

Residual antibacterial activity of chlorhexidine digluconate and camphorated p-monochlorophenol in calcium hydroxide-based root canal dressings

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the residual antibacterial activity of several calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH) 2]-based pastes, placed in root canals of dogs' teeth with induced chronic periapical lesions. Root canals were instrumented with the ProFile rotary system and filled with 4 pastes: G1 (n=16): Ca(OH) 2 paste + anesthetic solution; G2 (n=20): Calen® paste + camphorated pmonochlorophenol (CMCP); G3 (n=18): Calen®; and G4 (n=18): Ca(OH) 2 paste + 2% chlorhexidine digluconate. After 21 days, the pastes were removed with size 60 K-files and placed on Petri plates with agar inoculated with Micrococcus luteus ATCC 9341. Pastes that were not placed into root canals served as control. After pre-diffusion, incubation and optimization, the inhibition zones of bacterial growth were measured and analyzed by Mann-Whitney U test at 5% significance level. All pastes showed residual antibacterial activity. The control samples had larger halos (p<0.05). The mean residual antibacterial activity halos in G1, G2, G3 and G4 were 7.6; 10.4; 17.7 and 21.4 mm, respectively. The zones of bacterial growth of G4 were significantly larger than those of G1 and G2 (p<0.05). In conclusion, regardless of the vehicle and antiseptic, all Ca(OH) 2-based pastes showed different degrees of measurable residual antibacterial activity. Furthermore, unlike CMCP, chlorhexidine increased significantly the antibacterial activity of Ca(OH) 2.

The influence of residual salivary fluoride from dentifrice on enamel erosion: An in situ study

The objective of this study was to assess the salivary residual effect of fluoride dentifrice on human enamel subjected to an erosive challenge. This crossover in situ study was performed in two phases (A and B), involving ten volunteers. In each phase, they wore acrylic palatal appliances, each containing 3 human enamel blocks, during 7 days. The blocks were subjected to erosion by immersion of the appliances in a cola drink for 5 minutes, 4 times a day. Dentifrice was used to brush the volunteers' teeth, 4 times a day, during 1 minute, before the appliance was replaced into the mouth. In phases A and B the dentifrices used had the same formulation, except for the absence (PD) or presence (FD) of fluoride, respectively. Enamel alterations were determined using profilometry, microhardness (%SMHC), acid- and alkali-soluble F analysis. The data were tested using ANOVA (p < 0.05). The concentrations (mean ± SD) of alkali- and acid-soluble F (μgF/cm 2) were, respectively, PD: 1.27 a ± 0.70/2.24∧ A ± 0.36 and FD: 1.49 a ± 0.44/2.24∧ ± 0.67 (p > 0.05). The mean wear values (± SD, μm) were PD: 3.63 a ± 1.54 and FD: 3.54 a ± 0.90 (p > 0.05). The mean %SMHC values (± SD) were PD: 89.63 a ± 4.73 and FD: 87.28 a ± 4.01 (p > 0.05). Thus, we concluded that the residual fluoride from the fluoride-containing dentifrice did not protect enamel against erosion.

Efeito residual de calcário, nitrogênio e zinco na produção de matéria seca de Brachiaria decumbens em condições de campo

The balance of liming and fertilization practice with nitrogen and zinc could affect the production of the pasture. Thus, the present work has as objective to evaluate the residual effect of the application of calcareous rock, nitrogen, and zinc on the dry matter production of Brachiaria decumbens, during three cuts. For this, an experiment was installed in Selvíria, Brazil, on a distrofic red Latosol, from october 1997 to may 1998. The experimental design was randomized blocks, in a factorial project 3×3×2, with four repetitions. The treatments were three doses of nitrogen: 0, 50, and 100 kg/ha, three doses of lime: 0, 267, and 556 kg/ha, corresponding to 41, 50, and 60% of the levels of base saturation, respectively, and two doses of zinc 0 and 5 kg/ha, applied in the first year and reapplied in the second year, except for the limestone. Four cuts were done in the grass at 10 cm of height, with intervals of 49 days, to obtain the dry matter production. The limestone application in the first year did not provide to residual effect on the production of Brachiaria decumbens. However, the nitrogen fertilization increased the dry matter production of the grass. The application of zinc in the first year and the reapplication in the second year did not result in a productive response of B. decumbens. © 2009 Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agricolas INIA.