1000 resultados para Enxertia - Frutas cítricas


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Alimentos ricos em compostos antioxidantes têm sido difundidos como protetores à saúde devido a sua associação com a redução de fatores de risco para doenças crônicas, como o diabetes mellitus tipo 2, doenças cardiovasculares, entre outras. Tem sido sugerido que as flavanonas cítricas apresentam potencial para reduzir o estresse oxidativo em estados de inflamação crônica, como, por exemplo, na obesidade. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a atividade antioxidante da hesperidina, eriocitrina e eriodictiol em camundongos submetidos a uma dieta hiperlipídica, indutora da obesidade. Foram utilizados 50 camundongos C57BL/6J machos divididos aleatoriamente em 5 grupos (n=10 cada), sendo: (1) grupo controle, tratado com dieta padrão; (2) grupo tratado com dieta hiperlipídica; (3) grupo tratado com dieta hiperlipídica e hesperidina (100 mg/kg peso); (4) grupo tratado com dieta hiperlipídica e eriocitrina (200 mg/kg peso); e (5) grupo tratado com dieta hiperlipídica e eriodictiol (200 mg/kg peso). O estudo teve duração de 30 dias e cada grupo recebeu o composto específico juntamente com a dieta, com base na média de ingestão diária e peso corporal. Foram avaliados a glicose, triglicerídeos, colesterol total, HDL-C e LDL-C no soro através de métodos enzimático-colorimétricos, a capacidade antioxidante pelo método ABTS, e o estresse oxidativo no soro e fígado pelo método de TBARS. Os camundongos alimentados com dieta hiperlipídica tiveram aumento da glicose (20%), colesterol total (36%), LDL-C (55%) e peroxidação lipídica hepática (44%), quando comparados aos animais controle. O grupo suplementado com hesperidina reduziu 28% LDL-C em relação à dieta hiperlipídica. Todos os grupos suplementados com flavanonas apresentaram aumento da capacidade antioxidante total no soro (≈ 9,3 %), e redução do TBARS no fígado (≈ 64%). Além disso, os grupos suplementados com eriocitrina e eriodictiol reduziram os níveis de ...

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The aim of this work was to evaluate the rheological behavior of combined juices of strawberry, blackberry and raspberry in two different temperatures of interest in industrial processes in the food industry, using rheological analyses on non-oscillatory regime and the Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The rheological data were fitted by the Casson model. All samples of combined juices of ref fruits showed a Newtonian behavior and the rheological parameters yield stress (Kc) and plastic viscosity of Casson (Koc) had a decrease in its values with the temperature increase. By the analysis of the ternary diagrams it is evident that the raspberry juice effectively contributed to the higher values of yield stress and plastic viscosity of Casson in both temperatures studied.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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There is great genetic diversity of rambutan plants, thus, to establish commercial orchards culture, it is recommended the use of plants vegetatively propagated. Therefore, this research aimed to determine the best method of grafting, graft protection and type of rootstock for its propagation. The experiment was repeated in two seasons (autumn/winter and spring/summer). The experimental design was completely randomized in both experiments, with four replicates, each experimental unit consisted of 10 plants analyzed in a 4x2x2 factorial with four types of grafting (whip graft-WG; cleft graft -CG; wedge graft-WG; and inverted wedge graft-IWG;), 2 types of graft protection (Biodegradable and plastic) and 2 types of rootstock (without or with leaves). The variables analyzed in this study were: percentage of grafting success, number and length of buds (cm). For grafting performed in autumn /winter, both by cleft grafting as whip graft with biodegradable strip and rootstock leafless provided the best results in propagation of rambutan tree. The best results were observed during the autumn / winter.

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Nematodes severely attack net melon plants under protected cultivation conditions. The objective of this research was to select rootstocks with resistance to Meloidogyne incognita and M. javanica. The experiment was carried out under greenhouse conditions from October 2010 to April 2011 in Jaboticabal, Sao Paulo state, Brazil. Thirty-three cucurbitaceous genotypes were investigated as rootstocks; melons: CNPH 01-930 (Cucumis melo var. flexuosus), CNPH 01-962, 01-963 CNPH (Cucumis melo var. conomon), cvs. Gaucho Redondo, Gaucho Comprido, Redondo Amarelo, Gulfcoast, Chilton, Bonus no. 2, Fantasy; watermelons: cv. Charleston Gray, Progenie da Coreia (Citrullus lanatus); pumpkins: cvs. Mra. Ma, Ornamental, Howden, Mammoth, Kururu, Goianinha (Cucurbita moschata); gourd: Abobora de Porco, cvs. Maranhao, Brasileirinha (Lagenaria siceraria); squash: cv. Pataca Gigante (Cucurbita maxima); cucumber: cvs. Caipira, Branco Meio Comprido, Curumim (Cucumis sativus); loofah: Metro, Semente Branca, Semente Preta (Luffa cylindrica); wax gourd (Benincasa hispida); pumpkin rootstock: Hybrid cv. Keij; snake gourd (Trichosanthes cucumerins) and musk cucumber (Sicana odorifera). To evaluate the resistance, seedlings were transplanted to pots and the root inoculated with 3,000 eggs and second stage juveniles of M. incognita and M. javanica. Fifty days after the inoculation, the plants were evaluated for nematode resistance by means of the reproduction factor. The grafting compatibility between net melon cvs. Bonus no. 2 and Fantasy and the rootstocks previously characterized as resistant were evaluated by means of 60 graftings. CNPH 01-962, CNPH 01-963 and melon 'Gaucho Redondo', were considered resistant to M. incognita. Melon 'Redondo Amarelo', watermelon 'Charleston Gray', watermelon Progenie da Coreia, Trichosanthes cucumerins were considered resistant to M. javanica. Benincasa hispida was resistant to M. javanica and M. incognita. The compatibility between net melons and resistant rootstocks was higher than 98%.

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

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Due to the expansion of orchards, problems with soil pathogens are frequent and cause injury and/or make passion fruit cultivation impossible in Brazil. Thus, studies with potential species for rootstocks become indispensable to assist in the technological development of the culture. It is necessary to take into account several aspects of grafting, for the adoption of appropriate techniques, among them we can highlight the anatomy, physiology and also biochemistry. This study aimed to review the existing papers related to grafting of passion fruit and also to understand the operation of grafting itself. It was observed that several publications are related to the topic of the present review and that grafting is a viable alternative to the cultivation of passion fruit, however additional studies about grafting and production are needed.

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)