Biologising parenting:neuroscience discourse, English social and public health policy and understandings of the child

In recent years, claims about children's developing brains have become central to the formation of child health and welfare policies in England. While these policies assert that they are based on neuro-scientific discoveries, their relationship to neuroscience itself has been debated. However, what is clear is that they portray a particular understanding of children and childhood, one that is marked by a lack of acknowledgment of child personhood. Using an analysis of key government-commissioned reports and additional advocacy documents, this article illustrates the ways that the mind of the child is reduced to the brain, and this brain comes to represent the child. It is argued that a highly reductionist and limiting construction of the child is produced, alongside the idea that parenting is the main factor in child development. It is concluded that this focus on children's brains, with its accompanying deterministic perspective on parenting, overlooks children's embodied lives and this has implications for the design of children's health and welfare services.

Biologising parenting:neuroscience discourse, English social and public health policy and understandings of the child

In recent years, claims about children's developing brains have become central to the formation of child health and welfare policies in England. While these policies assert that they are based on neuro-scientific discoveries, their relationship to neuroscience itself has been debated. However what is clear is that they portray a particular understanding of children and childhood, one that is marked by a lack of acknowledgment of child personhood. Using an analysis of key government-commissioned reports and additional advocacy documents, this chapter illustrates the ways that the mind of the child is reduced to the brain, and this brain comes to represent the child. It is argued that a highly reductionist and limiting construction of the child is produced, alongside the idea that parenting is the main factor in child development. It is concluded that this focus on children's brains, with its accompanying deterministic perspective on parenting, overlooks children's embodied lives and this has implications for the design of children's health and welfare services.

West Midlands English:Birmingham and the Black Country

This chapter provides an overview, discussing firstly the boundaries of the West Midlands area today within which Birmingham and the Black Country are situated, taking account of how they have changed across time. It includes a section on the demographic make-up of the region across time, before moving on to consider issues relating to language, culture and identity in section 1.5 on the theoretical underpinnings of the research upon which much of this book is based, particularly in relation to Chapters 2, 3 and 4 is also included. Section 1.6 then considers issues relating to research design, and the different methodologies adopted in research design and data collection and analysis by three separate projects which inform the chapters of this book. The Geographical Limits of the west Midlands: Where does it begin and where does it end? The Local Government Boundary Commission for England (2010: http://www.lgbce.org.uk/) gives the geographical range of the west Midlands as the five counties of Herefordshire, Shropshire, Staffordshire, Warwickshire and Worcestershire. The boundaries of these five shire counties date back to at least the twelfth century, being ancient subdivisions established by the Normans for administration purposes after the 1066 conquest. The shire counties were, in most cases, based on earlier Anglo-Saxon divisions. In 1974, as a result of population density concentrated in parts of the shire counties, a sixth county, that of the West Midlands, was carved out from parts of the three shire counties of Staffordshire, Warwickshire and Worcestershire.

Profits and patriotism: Nicholas Weston, Old English merchants, and Ireland’s Nine Years’ War, 1594–1603

Ireland’s Old English merchants, and especially those of the Pale, provided the English crown with vital material supplies, finance and intelligence throughout the Nine Years’ War (1594–1603). Yet, surviving official correspondence criticised the mercantile community for providing weak support and accused its members of favouring the queen’s Irish enemies. The reality was that they did both, but their reasons for doing so were complicated. Too often described as a homogenous group, Old English merchants did not all share the same economic ambitions, political views or faith. Examining the specific actions of certain individuals alongside those of the wider community provides a fresh angle on the conflict and sheds new light on the role of Old English merchants.

Speaking with different voices: the problems with English law and psychiatric injury

Private law courts in the UK have maintained the de minimis threshold as a condition precedent for a successful claim for the infliction of mental harm. This de minimis threshold necessitates the presence of a ‘recognised psychiatric illness’ as opposed to ‘mere emotion’. This standard has also been adopted by the criminal law courts when reading the Offences Against the Person Act 1861 to include non-physical injury. In determining the cut-off point between psychiatric injury and mere emotion, the courts have adopted a generally passive acceptance of expert testimony and the guidelines used by mental health professionals to make diagnoses. Yet these guidelines were developed for use in a clinical setting, not a legal one. This article examines the difficulty inherent in utilising the ‘dimensional’ diagnostic criteria used by mental health professionals to answer ‘categorical’ legal questions. This is of particular concern following publication of the new diagnostic manual, DSM-V in 2013, which will further exacerbate concerns about compatibility. It is argued that a new set of diagnostic guidelines, tailored specifically for use in a legal context, is now a necessity.

Cross-linguistic influences in the phonetic and lexical component in English, Baque and Spanish: Contextual and individual factors in language acquisition and attrition.

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Employability study of the graduates at the English Language and Literature School

El propósito de este Proyecto fue evaluar los principales factores que influyen en la empleabilidad de los graduados de la escuela de lengua y literatura inglesa de la universidad de cuenca. La población de este estudio fue constituida por titulados que trabajaban en el área educativa y pocos graduados desempleados. El trabajo de campo fue llevado a cabo por medio de una encuesta, la cual fue aplicada a 161 graduados de la carrera de los años 2000 a 2013. La encuesta recogió información personal de los profesionales así como también datos relacionados al conocimiento adquirido en la carrera, situación laboral entre otros. Las técnicas para el análisis de datos fueron: análisis cuantitativo y cualitativo. El estudio también examina los métodos usados por los graduados para obtener un trabajo, los requerimientos de las instituciones educativas y causas para el desempleo de los graduados así aspectos del currículo de inglés para mejorar. Algunosde los descubrimientos más importantes en este estudio fueron que más de la mitad de graduados tienen un alto grado de satisfacción con su empleo. También fue descubierto que 96.3% de los graduados están trabajando en el área de su especialidad consecuentemente un gran porcentaje de licenciados de inglés usan el conocimiento adquirido en la universidad en sus empleos.Se espera, por lo tanto, que la información publicada en esta investigación sea un importante recurso para estudios futuros.

Spanish/English Bilingualism and Finitness Acquisition

Se ofrece un análisis del lenguaje de una niña bilingüe (Mina) con la intención de comprobar la teoría de Wexler quien dice que el lenguaje de los niños presenta un período de uso 'opcional de formas verbales infinitivas' en contextos en los que adultos no las usarían. Se presenta importante información relacionada con el tema y se analizan las muestras de idioma para concluir que sí hay evidencia para la existencia de dicho período en ambos idiomas: éste se expresa en inglés a través de formas infinitivas y en español en verbos que varían aspectualmente y que aparecen en predicados que no tienen concordancia con su sujeto. Además se comparan los resultados de varios estudios de diferentes lenguas.This paper presents the analysis of the speech of a bilingual child (Mina) in order to determine if the 'Optional Infinitive Stage' (OI) (Wexler) is present in her language production at this stage of language development (So). The first part presents important background information. Then, the English and Spanish data are analyzed to conclude that the Optional Infinitive stage is expressed both in Spanish and in English through different mechanisms, Root Infinitives in English and 'aspectually variable' verbs that appear as 'misagreeing' predicates in Spanish.

Everybody's Talking About Jamie: a comparative analysis between the English musical and the Italian translation and its influence on the LGBTQIA+ community

“Culture has been, is and always will be useful to the political and social fight, precisely because it stirs consciences and prompts reflection”, stated Pero Di Blasio, producer of the Italian version of the musical Everybody’s Talking About Jamie in our private interview (Savoia, 2022). And the invitation for reflection mentioned by the producer represents the main topic of my dissertation, as its aim is to underline, starting from a translation point of view, the differences and similarities conveyed by the two versions of the musical, to raise awareness and spread validation towards the issues and struggles members of the LGBTQIA+ community are forced to face every day. The four chapters in which this dissertation is divided into proceed from a more generic and theoretical one (chapter 1), followed by the introduction of the musical in Chapter 2 with its British and Italian versions, contextualised in their national realities thanks to their press reviews. Then the focus will zoom into the more practical chapters, where the topic of the Italian translation will be gradually approached. The dissertation will then be concluded with the fourth chapter, where the findings identified in the third chapter will be commented, taking into consideration the audience perception and the social issues portrayed on stage by the cast of the West End musical.

The analysis of humour

INTRODUCTION Theories of humour are traditionally divided into two classes: superiority or relief theories, and incongruity or ambiguity theories. As their names imply, the former tend to ascribe amusement primarily to a particular attitude of mind, while the latter account for it by describing its objects as having a particular quality. Enjoyment as an attitude is always a response to an object present to the mind or feelings. If, then, enjoyment in amusement is identical with feelings of superiority or relief, its objects must always display characteristics of inferiority or inhibition. But the enjoyment of humour seems to be distinguishable from a reaction to particular kinds of topic, and from any personal relation felt between the subject and the objects of his amusement. Incongruity theories do not explicitly ascribe the enjoyment of humour to a particular range of topics.

A todo vapor: o projeto de uma websérie cômica

Esta pesquisa apresenta as etapas da elaboração do projeto A Todo Vapor. O projeto consiste no desenvolvimento de uma websérie cômica de formato mockumentary baseada na Empresa Júnior de Rádio e TV da UNESP. O projeto conta com: a sinopse da série; perfil dos personagens; sinopses dos cinco episódios da temporada; projeto de quatro programas spin-offs que permeiam a websérie; argumento do piloto; e também roteiro completo do piloto

A notícia cômica: um novo formato de construir a opinião pública

This paper focuses on the discussion of journalistic genres, more specifically on the comic journalism, in other words, when using humor as a tool to transmit information. Supported by the definitions proposed by José Marques de Melo (2003), based on the theories of journalism presented by Nelson Traquina (2005) and Felipe Pena (2005) and relying on the teachings of Jorge Halperín (2008) and Rafael Yanes (2004) about interview techniques, this research aimed to analyze the humor as a legitimate resource and collaborator in journalism performance. For this, we analyzed, in detail, six different frames of interviews of program The Noite with Danilo Gentili, which is broadcasted from Monday to Friday by the Brazilian Television System, SBT. In this analysis, we considered the contente of interviews, the technique and the resources used by the presenter and his team, the journalistic relevance of topics and guests and the reach of the general public to information

Manuscript copy of the book of Harvard, 1767

The pamphlet-sized manuscript includes "The Book of Harvard" signed "Joseph Cummings, scriptis, Janr 7th 1767," an untitled two-page essay beginning, "Wisdom is ye Crown of life" and ending "Draught of Knowledge, let us with a laudable ambition, strive to excel each other in an ardent pursuit of Learning, then shall we raise to ourselves a monument of honest fame, which shall perish only in ye general wreak of nature," and on the last page, "An Accrostick" beginning "Jangling & Discord are thy Souls delight" and spelling out JAMES MITCHEL VARNUM dated July 3, 1767 and signed "The 3d edition revised & improved by Gove & Fogg."