Bipolar disorder risk alleles in children with ADHD

Bipolar disorder (BD) and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) may share common genetic risk factors as indicated by the high co-morbidity of BD and ADHD, their phenotypic overlap especially in pediatric populations, the high heritability of both disorders, and the co-occurrence in families. We therefore examined whether known polygenic BD risk alleles are associated with ADHD. We chose the eight best SNPs of the recent genome-wide association study (GWAS) of BD patients of German ancestry and the nine SNPs from international GWAS meeting a 'genome-wide significance' level of α = 5 × 10(-8). A GWAS was performed in 495 ADHD children and 1,300 population-based controls using HumanHap550v3 and Human660 W-Quadv1 BeadArrays. We found no significant association of childhood ADHD with single BD risk alleles surviving adjustment for multiple testing. Yet, risk alleles for BD and ADHD were directionally consistent at eight of nine loci with the strongest support for three SNPs in or near NCAN, BRE, and LMAN2L. The polygene analysis for the BP risk alleles at all 14 loci indicated a higher probability of being a BD risk allele carrier in the ADHD cases as compared to the controls. At a moderate power to detect association with ADHD, if true effects were close to estimates from GWAS for BD, our results suggest that the possible contribution of BD risk variants to childhood ADHD risk is considerably lower than for BD. Yet, our findings should encourage researchers to search for common genetic risk factors in BD and childhood ADHD in future studies.

Laser wavelengths and oral implantology

In modern implant dentistry there are several clinical indications for laser surgery. Different laser systems have a considerable spectrum of application in soft and hard peri-implant tissues. The literature was searched for clinical application of different laser wavelengths in peri-implant tissues: second-stage surgery of submerged implants, treatment of infrabony defects, removal of peri-implant hyperplastic overgrowths, and, possibly, the preparation of bone cavities for implant placement. This report describes the state-of-the-art application of different laser systems in modern implant dentistry for the treatment of peri-implant lesions and decontamination of implant surfaces. Our study evaluated in vitro examinations, clinical experience and long-term clinical studies. The exact selection of the appropriate laser system and wavelength was dependent on the scientific evaluation of recent literature and the level of changes in implant and tissue temperatures during laser application. The significant reduction in bacteria on the implant surface and the peri-implant tissues during irradiation and the cutting effects associated with the coagulation properties of the lasers are the main reasons for laser application in the treatment of peri-implant lesions and the successful long-term prognosis of failing oral implants. The various applications of lasers in implant dentistry are dependent on the wavelength and laser-tissue interactions.

Exploring the genetic link between RLS and ADHD

Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a highly heritable neurodevelopmental disorder of childhood onset. Clinical and biological evidence points to shared common central nervous system (CNS) pathology of ADHD and restless legs syndrome (RLS). It was hypothesized that variants previously found to be associated with RLS in two large genome-wide association studies (GWA), will also be associated with ADHD. SNPs located in MEIS1 (rs2300478), BTBD9 (rs9296249, rs3923809, rs6923737), and MAP2K5 (rs12593813, rs4489954) as well as three SNPs tagging the identified haplotype in MEIS1 (rs6710341, rs12469063, rs4544423) were genotyped in a well characterized German sample of 224 families comprising one or more affected sibs (386 children) and both parents. We found no evidence for preferential transmission of the hypothesized variants to ADHD. Subsequent analyses elicited nominal significant association with haplotypes consisting of the three SNPs in BTBD9 (chi2 = 14.8, df = 7, nominal p = 0.039). According to exploratory post hoc analyses, the major contribution to this finding came from the A-A-A-haplotype with a haplotype-wise nominal p-value of 0.009. However, this result did not withstand correction for multiple testing. In view of our results, RLS risk alleles may have a lower effect on ADHD than on RLS or may not be involved in ADHD. The negative findings may additionally result from genetic heterogeneity of ADHD, i.e. risk alleles for RLS may only be relevant for certain subtypes of ADHD. Genes relevant to RLS remain interesting candidates for ADHD; particularly BTBD9 needs further study, as it has been related to iron storage, a potential pathophysiological link between RLS and certain subtypes of ADHD.

Is Photodynamic Therapy an Effective Treatment for Periodontal and Peri-Implant Infections?

Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (PDT) has attracted much attention for the treatment of pathogenic biofilm associated with peridontitis and peri-implantitis. However, data from randomized controlled clinical studies (RCTs) are limited and, to some extent, controversial, making it difficult to provide appropriate recommendations. Therefore, the aims of the present study were (a) to provide an overview on the current evidence from RCTs evaluating the potential clinical benefit for the additional use of PDT to subgingival mechanical debridement (ie, scaling and root planing) alone in nonsurgical periodontal therapy; and (b) to provide clinical recommendations for the use of PDT in periodontal practice.

Periodontal and peri-implant wound healing following laser therapy

Laser irradiation has numerous favorable characteristics, such as ablation or vaporization, hemostasis, biostimulation (photobiomodulation) and microbial inhibition and destruction, which induce various beneficial therapeutic effects and biological responses. Therefore, the use of lasers is considered effective and suitable for treating a variety of inflammatory and infectious oral conditions. The CO2 , neodymium-doped yttrium-aluminium-garnet (Nd:YAG) and diode lasers have mainly been used for periodontal soft-tissue management. With development of the erbium-doped yttrium-aluminium-garnet (Er:YAG) and erbium, chromium-doped yttrium-scandium-gallium-garnet (Er,Cr:YSGG) lasers, which can be applied not only on soft tissues but also on dental hard tissues, the application of lasers dramatically expanded from periodontal soft-tissue management to hard-tissue treatment. Currently, various periodontal tissues (such as gingiva, tooth roots and bone tissue), as well as titanium implant surfaces, can be treated with lasers, and a variety of dental laser systems are being employed for the management of periodontal and peri-implant diseases. In periodontics, mechanical therapy has conventionally been the mainstream of treatment; however, complete bacterial eradication and/or optimal wound healing may not be necessarily achieved with conventional mechanical therapy alone. Consequently, in addition to chemotherapy consisting of antibiotics and anti-inflammatory agents, phototherapy using lasers and light-emitting diodes has been gradually integrated with mechanical therapy to enhance subsequent wound healing by achieving thorough debridement, decontamination and tissue stimulation. With increasing evidence of benefits, therapies with low- and high-level lasers play an important role in wound healing/tissue regeneration in the treatment of periodontal and peri-implant diseases. This article discusses the outcomes of laser therapy in soft-tissue management, periodontal nonsurgical and surgical treatment, osseous surgery and peri-implant treatment, focusing on postoperative wound healing of periodontal and peri-implant tissues, based on scientific evidence from currently available basic and clinical studies, as well as on case reports.

Dissertatio De Judiciis Hebraeorum

Vorlage d. Digitalisats aus d. Besitz d. Theol. Hochschule St. Georgen

MMM2- Turismo patrimonial: la Arquitectura del Movimiento Moderno en Misiones.16H374

Luego de una primera etapa de investigación concluida, que durante tres años nos llevó a investigar interdisciplinariamente turismo y arquitectura, el mismo equipo de investigación que llevara adelante el proyecto Patrimonio, turismo y educación: la arquitectura del Movimiento Moderno de Misiones 16H313 2010/12, Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias Sociales (F.H.y C.S.) Universidad Nacional de Misiones (U.Na.M.), se propone un segundo estamento de investigación. Este equipo interdisciplinario de investigación en producción continua desde 2001 donde a partir del patrimonio jesuítico y el concepto de territorio museo abierto, luego con la inclusión de otras fundamentaciones como el aportado recientemente por ICOMOS de espíritu del lugar. Utilizado desde la antigüedad por el hombre el espíritu del lugar le ha servido para acordar con sus dioses antes del asentamiento de un poblado/castro/chester/burgo/burger/borgo/burg, entre ellos el de locus genius que los campamentos de centuriones romanos utilizaban para denominar al espíritu dueño de ese espacio, que en general tenía alguna caracterización particular y diferente del resto. En este nuevo ciclo nuestro equipo se plantea la cuestion en tres escalas de trabajo: La escala Macro/Territorial: el antiguo Territorio Nacional devenido con la presidencia de Juan Domingo Perón mediante, en provincia de Misiones en diciembre de 1953 en una escala macro; en La escala Media/Urbana: la influencia que algunas obras tuvieron en el devenir de sus poblados y las que no lo hicieron. La escala Micro/Arquitectónica: en la que se estudiará detenidamente la Escuela Normal de Alem, declarada recientemente Monumento Historico Nacional mediante decreto N°1934/12 del Poder Ejecutivo Nacional con la firma de la presidenta Cristina Fernández de Kirchner, y otros. La utilización de la información de este modo producida tendrá como resultado más tangible la formulación en la provincia de un Circuito Turístico de la Modernidad que utilice como antecedente el producido, puesto en marcha y analizado en MMM1, sin perjuicio de una profundización del análisis de dicho modelo en MMM2

A physis e o pensamento ameríndio. En: Avá, nº 19

Elemento fundamental no pensamento greco pré-filosófico, physis reflete unidade, presença e relaçâo. Convertida em "naturans" pelos romanos foi, na modernidade, depura em "natureza" e com esse sentido passou a representar um domínio em face do qual a história e a cultura mantém uma relaçâo crescente de assimetria e exterioridade figuradas pela máxima cartesiana de que "o homen deve ser Mestre e Senhor da natureza". Fora do arco hegemônico do pensamento ocidental há, entretanto, percepçôes alternativas da natureza análogas á physis. Assumindo que para o que nomeamos natureza existe um plano originário - captado seja pelo pensamento selvagem, de Levi Strauss (1962), ou pela ontología anímica, de Tim Ingold (2000-2006) - o texto busca confluências entre a physis pré-filosófica e o xamanismo dos índios Galibi-Marworno da regiâo do baixo Rio Oiapoque e Rio Uaça (fronteira Brasil-Guiana francesa).

Los espacios en la literatura

Fil: Castellino, Marta Elena.

Borges entre dos siglos: recuperaciones y anticipaciones

El presente número de la Revista de Literaturas Modernas está dedicado a Jorge Luis Borges y su creación literaria. Incluye artículos críticos, ensayos y reseñas.

Funcionalidad y operatividad discursivas de la arenga política de Catilina en el Bellum Catilinae de Salustio

Fil: Jurado, Melina Alejandra.

El heroismo de los asediados

Esta ponencia pretende centrar el relato en el heroísmo de pueblos asediados que por defender su suelo, no vacilaron en ofrendarse como víctimas. Se habla de Sagunto, Numancia, Thala y Masada, todos ellos relacionados con el mundo romano. Se trata de ver las actitudes en común que tuvieron estos pueblos, lo que hay de esencial en estos verdaderos suicidios colectivos.

Angel J. Cappelletti: Lucrecio: La Filosofía como Liberación. Editories Mote Avila, Caracas, Venezuela, 1987.

Fil: Pró, Diego F.. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Filosofía y Letras. Instituto de Filosofía Argentina y Americana