Performing Pedagogy and the re(construction) of global/local selves

The eighth chapter, written by Gayle Morris, is entitled “Performing pedagogy and the re (construction) of global/local selves.” Morris tackles a unique perspective with regard to globalization and education. A major characteristic of today’s globalized world is the diversity of people living within societies and communities. Classrooms in public schools and universities in the United States, Canada, Australia, and Britain are comprised of students from all parts of the world, a reality which is increasing the challenges faced by teachers and policy makers. Morris particularly discusses second language teaching and learning and the inadequacy of second language educators who are mostly approaching from “White/mainstream” positivist models and approaches to language teaching (p. 137). Morris highlights the “fixing” of immigrants and ethnic minority identity, and how the inefficient training of ESL teachers is affecting the global/ local selves of students. This chapter is invaluable contribution in this volume given the number of immigrants to western countries is on the rise.

Writing blah, blah, blah: lecturers’ approaches and challenges in supporting international students

The increase in numbers of international students who have English as a second language (ESL) and are studying in English-medium universities has renewed the emphasis of English language development in higher education, particularly concerning academic writing. Much of the discussion has concentrated on developing best practices in providing support via Language and Academic Support (LAS) programs. However, the main challenge in recent years has focused on integrating disciplinary and language learning. What has been largely missing from the discussion are the views of lecturers and students regarding the strategies they use to develop academic writing in the discipline. This paper addresses this issue. The analysis reveals that academic writing within the disciplines is largely an individual endeavour for both lecturers and their students. Lecturers focus on explaining what skills students are required to demonstrate in their assignments, but students are more concerned with understanding how they can develop these skills. The implications are discussed concerning the development of a whole institutional approach for integrating language and disciplinary teaching.

Different shades of the collective way of thinking: Vietnamese and Chinese international students' reflection on academic writing

Investigating ELF/ESL students' experiences in constructing their academic written texts seems to be of great significance in EFL/ESL writing syllabus design and teaching. The case study reported in this paper explores the underlying factors which shape students' ways of supporting ideas in academic essays in English. Drawing on Lillis' (2001) framework for exploring student writing, the study examines the writing experiences of students from Vietnam and mainland China at an Australian university. Based on the students' reflection on their different ways of meaning making, this paper argues for the need to challenge the tendency to essentialize cultural rhetoric patterns and their effects upon Chinese and Vietnamese students' writing in English as a foreign or second language. Several implications for teaching EFL/ESL writing have also been drawn from the findings of this study.

A cross-disciplinary analysis of rhetorical structure of dissertation abstracts

The teaching rhetorical structure of various academic genres has been recognized as a practical, pedagogical tool in both ESL and EFL academic settings. However, assigning a unitary structure for different fields of study might poses problems for novice writers. In this study, the rhetorical structure of 120 abstracts (ninety ‘masters’ theses and thirty ‘doctoral’ dissertations) from six disciplines were investigated. In this exploratory study, four rhetorical structures were found: IMRC/D, CARS, Mixed, and None (which means the texts lack any rhetorical structure). The conclusion is that nonnative speakers require more than grammatical knowledge at the clause level. They need to be familiarized with the discourse grammar with the functional tokens attached to it in order to be successful in their academic writing.

Use and perceptions of worked example videos for first-year students studying mathematics in a primary education degree

Worked example videos have great potential to be useful for students when learning mathematics as they can work through the questions at their own pace, pausing as needed, but still learn from the way the demonstrator thinks and solves problems. We created worked example videos each week for a mathematics subject taught in the first year of a primary education degree and investigated student perceptions and their usage patterns. An additional aspect of this undertaking was the inclusion of subtitles to make the videos accessible to hearing impaired and ESL students. This report will reflect on the process of creating these videos, as well as some initial findings on their success.

Participação popular versus movimentos comunitarios : o caso de Vila Velha (ES), de 1983 a 1992

Análise qualitativa do processo de participação popular ocorrido em Vila Velha (ES) de 1983 a 1992) baseada em entrevistas realizadas com os quatro Prefeitos Municipais desse periodo. bem como com os quatro diretores mais antiqos do Conselho Comunitário entidade federativa representante dos movimentos comunitários do municipio. Os critérios uti1izados na análise foram a disseminação das in formações a cerca da gestão municipal, o tipo de relação estabelecida entre esses gestores e os movimentos comunitários, a razão entre as propostas planejadas coletivamente e as propostas imp1ementadas pela administracão municipal, e os obietivos explicitos e implicitos do Prefeito ao implementar o processo participativo. A reflexão apresentada tenta desmistificar os processos participativos encaminhados no municipio tendo em vista que a prática ao longo dos dez anos estudados mais desmobilizou do que ampliou a participar.;:~o da sociedade, a pesar de reconhecer a contribuir.;:~o de cada um dos qestores do per iodo p·3ra. o avanr.;:o da orqanizaç~o dess a sociedade.

Determinação experimental e modelagem termodinâmica do ponto de turbidez de sistemas aquosos com tensoativos nonilfenolpolietoxilados

The nonionic surfactants are composed of substances whose molecules in solution, does not ionize. The solubility of these surfactants in water due to the presence of functional groups that have strong affinity for water. When these surfactants are heated is the formation of two liquid phases, evidenced by the phenomenon of turbidity. This study was aimed to determine the experimental temperature and turbidity nonilfenolpoliethoxyled subsequently perform a thermodynamic modeling, considering the models of Flory-Huggins and the empirical solid-liquid equilibrium (SLE). The method used for determining the turbidity point was the visual method (Inoue et al., 2008). The experimental methodology consisted of preparing synthetic solutions of 0,25%, 0,5%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10%, 12,5%, 15%, 17% and 20% by weight of surfactant. The nonionic surfactants used according to their degree of ethoxylation (9.5, 10, 11, 12 and 13). During the experiments the solutions were homogenized and the bath temperature was gradually increased while the turbidity of the solution temperature was checked visually Inoue et al. (2003). These temperature data of turbidity were used to feed the models evaluated and obtain thermodynamic parameters for systems of surfactants nonilfenolpoliethoxyled. Then the models can be used in phase separation processes, facilitating the extraction of organic solvents, therefore serve as quantitative and qualitative parameters. It was observed that the solidliquid equilibrium model (ESL) was best represented the experimental data.

A interação verbal na língua-alvo e a proficiência oral na prática de sala de aula: (re) definindo o perfil de uma professora de língua inglesa da escola pública

Pós-graduação em Estudos Linguísticos - IBILCE

Polissemia em phrasal verbs: uma concepção semântico-cognitiva de análise e aplicação didática

Pós-graduação em Linguística e Língua Portuguesa - FCLAR

Substituição na produção de /ɵ/ e /ð/ por falantes do português: uma análise não linear

Trata o presente estudo da produção das fricativas interdentais da língua inglesa por falantes do português brasileiro (PB), aprendizes de Inglês como língua estrangeira, (English as a Foreign Language – EFL) nos Cursos Livres de Línguas Estrangeiras mantidos pela Universidade Federal do Pará. O objetivo deste estudo é investigar as possibilidades de ocorrência de substituições para as fricativas interdentais surda e sua contraparte sonora em posições de onset e coda silábica, os resultados são analisados com base na Fonologia de Geometria de Traços (Clements e Hume, 1995). A coleta de dados foi realizada junto a um grupo de vinte e dois alunos, sendo 12 alunos do terceiro nível e 10 alunos do sétimo nível. Pretende-se fazer a representação detalhada do processo de substituição que falantes do português brasileiro (PB), aprendizes de inglês como segunda língua (ESL), realizam especificamente para os segmentos fricativos interdentais da língua inglesa em suas versões surda e sonora /Ɵ/ e /ð/, no processo de aquisição da fonologia desta língua. Diferentes tipos de segmentos foram encontrados em nossa pesquisa como resultado das substituições, quais sejam: [t],[tʃ],[d],[f] e [s] para a fricativa interdental surda /Ɵ/ e [t],[d],[s],[f],[v] e [tʃ] para a fricativa interdental sonora /ð/. Os tipos predominantes de processos observados foram: (a) Fortição, (b) Posteriorização (c) Sonorização (d) Palatalização (e) Labialização (f) Epêntese e (g) Ressilabificação. Todos resultando de um processo anterior chamado Nativização.

Ocorrência de poluentes orgânicos persistentes em ovos de Caiman yacare (jacaré-do-Pantanal)

Pós-graduação em Química - IQ

Glycopeptidliganden von Zelladhäsionsrezeptoren mit sulfatierter Arabino-Lewis a-Struktur

Selektine sind eine Gruppe von Transmembranglycoproteinen, welche als Adhäsionsmoleküle innerhalb des vaskulären Systems Zelladhäsionsprozesse zwischen Leukozyten und Endothelzellen vermitteln. Das Sialyl-Lewisa Epitop und verwandte Kohlenhydratstrukturen wurden als Liganden der E- und P-Selektine identifiziert. Durch die chemische Synthese verwandter Strukturen verspricht man sich, die im Laufe inflammatorischer Prozesse exprimierten Rezeptoren gezielt blockieren zu können und dadurch pathologische Abläufe wie hämatogene Metastasierungen oder Abstoßungsreaktionen zu bekämpfen. Einige Bereiche der Aminosäuresequenz des E-Selektin-Ligand-1 (ESL-1) treten hochkonservativ auch in anderen Selektinliganden wie MG160 oder PSGL-1 auf und wurden deshalb für die N-Glycosylierung mit einem sulfatierten Oligosaccharid ausgewählt (11). -Val665-Glu-Cys-Arg-Asp-Ile-Val-Gly-Asn(Sulfo-Lea)-Leu-Tyr-Glu-Leu-Glu-Ser-Glu-Asp-Ile682- 11 Im ersten Teil der Arbeit wurde eine Strategie ausgearbeitet, das sulfatierte Trisaccharid 60 im Multigrammaßstab zu synthetisieren. Der endogene Ligand 2 wurde an drei Positionen modifiziert: Austausch der α-L-Fucose gegen die biologisch stabilere α-D-Arabinose, Einführung einer Sulfatgruppe anstelle der N-Acetylneuraminsäure sowie Übergang von O- zu N-glykosidischer Verknüpfung. Die hochregioselektive Einführung der Sulfatgruppe gelingt in sehr guten Ausbeuten durch Vorkomplexierung mit Dibutylzinnoxid und anschließende Umsetzung mit Schwefeltrioxid/Trimethylamin. Durch die Verwendung des anomeren Azids als permanente Schutzgruppe kann das Trisaccharid nach schonender Reduktion zum Amin an ein Asparaginsäurederivat angekuppelt und in einer linearen Synthese nach Fmoc-Strategie als N-Glycosylaminosäure in die Synthese eingebracht werden. Das in der Arbeitsgruppe Kunz entwickelte PTMSEL-Ankersystem 20a erlaubt sowohl die problemlose Synthese als auch die Abspaltung vom polymeren Träger unter sehr milden Bedingungen. Nach dem Entfernen der Benzylester und -ether durch Pd(0) – katalysierte Hydrierung können sulfatierte Glycopeptidsequenzen des Typs 11 über NMR-Spektroskopie (korrelierte Spektren) und Massenspektroskopie (ESI, MALDI) identifiziert werden.

Synthese von Sialyl-Lewis X -Glycopeptiden und -Mimetika als Zelladhäsionsinhibitoren für E-Selektin

Die Selektine initiieren im Verlauf von Entzündungsprozessen einen ersten Zellkontakt zwischen Leukozyten und Endothelzellen und ermöglichen so die Auswanderung der Leukozyten aus den Blutgefäßen in das umliegende Gewebe, wo sie ihre immunologische Wirkung entfalten können. Viele Krankheiten gehen allerdings mit einer übermäßigen, durch Selektine vermittelten Zelladhäsion einher. Daher war es das Ziel dieser Arbeit, Selektininhibitoren zu synthetisieren, die pathologische Zelladhäsionsprozesse, wie man sie z.B. bei rheumatoider Arthritis, bei Erkrankungen der Herzkranzgefäße oder im Verlauf von Tumormetastasierungen findet, unterbinden können. Als Leitstruktur für solche Inhibitoren dient das auf den natürlichen Selektinliganden vorkommende Tetrasaccharid Sialyl-Lewis-X. Sialyl-Lewis-X stellt aber nur einen Teil der natürlichen Selektinliganden dar. Es bindet auch nur im millimolaren Bereich an die Selektine. Die komplexen natürlichen Selektinliganden wie z.B. ESL-1 (E-Selektin-Ligand-1), die an verschiedenen Glycosylierungs-stellen des Glycoproteins Sialyl-Lewis-X präsentieren, binden mit deutlich höherer Affinität an die Selektine. Für eine spezifische Rezeptorbindung sind daher außer dem Tetrasaccharid weitere Partialstrukturen verantwortlich, wobei gezeigt werden konnte, dass ein Anknüpfen von Sialyl-Lewis-X-Derivaten an die Partialsequenz 672-681 des ESL-1 eine Affinitätssteigerung hervorruft. Ein weiterer Nachteil des natürlichen Sialyl-Lewis-X-Tetrasaccharids im Hinblick auf seine pharmakologische Verwendung besteht darin, dass sowohl die fucosidische Bindung als auch die glycosidische Verknüpfung zur Neuraminsäure durch Enzyme leicht gespalten werden, wodurch Sialyl-Lewis-X als potenzielles Anti-Adäsionsmolekül an Wert verliert. Um die Kohlenydratliganden vor einem solchen enzymatischen Abbau zu bewahren, wurden in dieser Arbeit neben der im Sialyl-Lewis-X vorliegenden L-Fucose die im Menschen nicht vorkommenden Kohlenhydrate D-Arabinose und L-Galactose sowie neben der Neuraminsäure die (S)-Cyclohexylmilchsäure zur Herstellung der sechs Glycopeptid-Selektinliganden 1-6 mit der Partialsequenz 672-681 des ESL-1 verknüpft. Die Tetrasaccharide und Tetrasaccharid-Mimetika können aus den geschützten Monosacchariden und der geschützten Cyclohexylmilch-säure in parallelen Synthesen im Gramm-Maßstab hergestellt werden. Die automatisierten Glycopeptid-Festphasensynthesen wurden an einem Peptidsynthesizer nach der Fmoc-Strategie unter Verwendung von mit Asparaginsäure vorbeladenen TentaGel®-Harzen durchgeführt. Die Strukturen aller sechs Glycopeptide 1-6 wurden sowohl durch hoch auflösende massenspektrometrische Analysen als auch durch ein- und zweidimensionale NMR-Experimente belegt. Als Ergebnis dieser Arbeit liegen sechs Sialyl-Lewis-X-Glycopeptide und -Mimetika mit der Partialsequenz 672-681 des ESL-1 vor. Diese werden in Kürze auf ihre Wirksamkeit als Zelladhäsions-inhibitoren für E-Selektin getestet. Daraus sollen sich Erkenntnisse über Struktur-Wirkungs-Beziehungen gewinnen lassen, insbesondere was das kooperative Zusammenwirken von Saccharid- und Peptidteilstrukturen in der Erkennung der Liganden durch das E-Selektin anbetrifft.