Desenvolvimento e validação de uma solução construtiva em BTC

Dissertação de mestrado integrado em Engenharia Civil

An integrated model for simulation of construction phasing of arch concrete dams

Dissertação de mestrado integrado em Civil Engineering

Planeamento e controlo de projetos de construção com recurso ao BIM

Dissertação de mestrado integrado em Engenharia Civil

Comportamento térmico de blocos de terra comprimida ativados alcalinamente

Dissertação de mestrado integrado em Engenharia Civil

Comportamento acústico de blocos de terra compactada ativados alcalinamente

Dissertação de mestrado integrado em Engenharia Civil

Estudo da ligação entre componentes estruturais de GFRP (glass fiber reinforced polymer) e componentes estruturais em betão

Dissertação de mestrado integrado em Engenharia Civil

Entre o público e o privado. Cenários do quotidiano na domus das Carvalheiras

A domus romana provincial constitui um contexto privilegiado para analisar a adoção dos modelos arquitetónicos e construtivos clássicos, a riqueza das elites urbanas e o quotidiano familiar, que se estruturava nas múltiplas relações de sociabilidade entre os membros da família, entre o paterfamilias e os seus clientes, ou entre a família e os serviçais. A casa era também o contexto onde se definiam e afirmavam diferentes identidades, bem como a estatuto social da família. Tendo por base a domus das Carvalheiras, o único exemplar de casa romana de elite totalmente escavado em Braga, procuraremos proceder a uma análise da sua arquitetura, tendo em vista compreender os seus custos de construção e caracterizar os diversos espaços onde se desenvolviam as relações de sociabilidade do agregado familiar.

A construção em Bracara Augusta. O processo construtivo no quotidiano de uma cidade: os agentes e os artesãos

Os construtores e artesãos de Bracara Augusta assumiram um papel importante na economia da cidade. Formam um grupo de indivíduos complexo e diversificado, frequentemente invisíveis nas fontes escritas, cuja atividade recuperamos através da Arqueologia. A cidade conheceu, desde muito cedo, e ao longo da sua história, um protagonismo crescente, caracterizado por importantes funções administrativas e religiosas. Este crescimento político gradual foi acompanhado de uma significativa e permanente actividade construtiva, cuja análise nos transporta ao universo da economia, do mundo social do trabalho, da inovação e das modas. Neste artigo, procuraremos identificar os vários ofícios que estão por de trás desse dinamismo, frequentemente denunciados pelas estruturas e materiais que produziram, apreciaram e/ou adquiriram.

A individuação técnica na actualidade

Tese de doutoramento em Sociologia

Arquitetura doméstica em Bracara Augusta

As escavações realizadas em Braga ao longo das últimas três décadas forneceram dados que permitem analisar neste trabalho a temática da arquitetura doméstica de Bracara Augusta. Durante este período foi reunido um significativo acervo de dados arqueológicos que, apesar de desiguais quanto ao volume e qualidade de informação, possibilitam a caracterização de algumas habitações, ainda que exclusivamente incluídas na categoria de domus, já que o registo arqueológico ainda não forneceu, qualquer outro tipo de estrutura habitacional urbana. Pretende-se contextualizar este tipo de casa, analisando as diferentes partes orgânicas, evidenciando as suas especificidades formais, construtivas e funcionais.

Optimization techniques to detect early ventilation extubation in intensive care units

The decision support models in intensive care units are developed to support medical staff in their decision making process. However, the optimization of these models is particularly difficult to apply due to dynamic, complex and multidisciplinary nature. Thus, there is a constant research and development of new algorithms capable of extracting knowledge from large volumes of data, in order to obtain better predictive results than the current algorithms. To test the optimization techniques a case study with real data provided by INTCare project was explored. This data is concerning to extubation cases. In this dataset, several models like Evolutionary Fuzzy Rule Learning, Lazy Learning, Decision Trees and many others were analysed in order to detect early extubation. The hydrids Decision Trees Genetic Algorithm, Supervised Classifier System and KNNAdaptive obtained the most accurate rate 93.2%, 93.1%, 92.97% respectively, thus showing their feasibility to work in a real environment.

Revealed cardinal preference

I prove that as long as we allow the marginal utility for money (lambda) to vary between purchases (similarly to the budget) then the quasi-linear and the ordinal budget-constrained models rationalize the same data. However, we know that lambda is approximately constant. I provide a simple constructive proof for the necessary and sufficient condition for the constant lambda rationalization, which I argue should replace the Generalized Axiom of Revealed Preference in empirical studies of consumer behavior. 'Go Cardinals!' It is the minimal requirement of any scientifi c theory that it is consistent with the data it is trying to explain. In the case of (Hicksian) consumer theory it was revealed preference -introduced by Samuelson (1938,1948) - that provided an empirical test to satisfy this need. At that time most of economic reasoning was done in terms of a competitive general equilibrium, a concept abstract enough so that it can be built on the ordinal preferences over baskets of goods - even if the extremely specialized ones of Arrow and Debreu. However, starting in the sixties, economics has moved beyond the 'invisible hand' explanation of how -even competitive- markets operate. A seemingly unavoidable step of this 'revolution' was that ever since, most economic research has been carried out in a partial equilibrium context. Now, the partial equilibrium approach does not mean that the rest of the markets are ignored, rather that they are held constant. In other words, there is a special commodity -call it money - that reflects the trade-offs of moving purchasing power across markets. As a result, the basic building block of consumer behavior in partial equilibrium is no longer the consumer's preferences over goods, rather her valuation of them, in terms of money. This new paradigm necessitates a new theory of revealed preference.

Authority relationships between obedience and disobedience

Recent episodes of public dissent (such as the demonstrations against G8 policies) raise the issue of the psychological processes triggered in obeying and disobeying the authority. Even if obedience to authority is an important aspect of social life and it plays a key role in maintaining social order, the concept of obedience has been studied in social psychology mainly in terms of its destructive aspects. Besides, most of the studies have overlooked the role of disobedience in the authority relationship. Disobedience may be conceived of as a protest that undermines the legitimacy of the authority or it can represent an instrument for controlling the legitimacy of the authority's demands, becoming a factor protecting against authoritarianism. In this article, a new perspective on the study of the relationship between the individual and the authority is put forward, considering obedience and disobedience as parallel concepts, each having constructive and destructive aspects. 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Female residents experiencing medical errors in general internal medicine: a qualitative study.

BACKGROUND: Doctors, especially doctors-in-training such as residents, make errors. They have to face the consequences even though today's approach to errors emphasizes systemic factors. Doctors' individual characteristics play a role in how medical errors are experienced and dealt with. The role of gender has previously been examined in a few quantitative studies that have yielded conflicting results. In the present study, we sought to qualitatively explore the experience of female residents with respect to medical errors. In particular, we explored the coping mechanisms displayed after an error. This study took place in the internal medicine department of a Swiss university hospital. METHODS: Within a phenomenological framework, semi-structured interviews were conducted with eight female residents in general internal medicine. All interviews were audiotaped, fully transcribed, and thereafter analyzed. RESULTS: Seven main themes emerged from the interviews: (1) A perception that there is an insufficient culture of safety and error; (2) The perceived main causes of errors, which included fatigue, work overload, inadequate level of competences in relation to assigned tasks, and dysfunctional communication; (3) Negative feelings in response to errors, which included different forms of psychological distress; (4) Variable attitudes of the hierarchy toward residents involved in an error; (5) Talking about the error, as the core coping mechanism; (6) Defensive and constructive attitudes toward one's own errors; and (7) Gender-specific experiences in relation to errors. Such experiences consisted in (a) perceptions that male residents were more confident and therefore less affected by errors than their female counterparts and (b) perceptions that sexist attitudes among male supervisors can occur and worsen an already painful experience. CONCLUSIONS: This study offers an in-depth account of how female residents specifically experience and cope with medical errors. Our interviews with female residents convey the sense that gender possibly influences the experience with errors, including the kind of coping mechanisms displayed. However, we acknowledge that the lack of a direct comparison between female and male participants represents a limitation while aiming to explore the role of gender.

A Survey of Active Learning Algorithms for Supervised Remote Sensing Image Classification

Defining an efficient training set is one of the most delicate phases for the success of remote sensing image classification routines. The complexity of the problem, the limited temporal and financial resources, as well as the high intraclass variance can make an algorithm fail if it is trained with a suboptimal dataset. Active learning aims at building efficient training sets by iteratively improving the model performance through sampling. A user-defined heuristic ranks the unlabeled pixels according to a function of the uncertainty of their class membership and then the user is asked to provide labels for the most uncertain pixels. This paper reviews and tests the main families of active learning algorithms: committee, large margin, and posterior probability-based. For each of them, the most recent advances in the remote sensing community are discussed and some heuristics are detailed and tested. Several challenging remote sensing scenarios are considered, including very high spatial resolution and hyperspectral image classification. Finally, guidelines for choosing the good architecture are provided for new and/or unexperienced user.