Impact des instruments de recevabilité sur la mise en oeuvre des politiques d'insertion socioprofessionnelle en Suisse romande

Cette thèse vise à apporter des éléments concrets permettant d'évaluer l'efficacité et la pertinence de la nouvelle gestion publique (NGP) dans le contexte de l'assurance-chômage en Suisse. Ancrée dans une approche des politiques publiques partant de ces dernières telles qu'elles sont mises en oeuvre plutôt que de ce qu'elles devraient être, elle s'attache à observer l'impact d'une catégorie spécifique d'instruments de gestion caractéristiques de la NGP, les instruments de redevabilité. La redevabilité désigne la nécessité ou l'obligation qu'ont des individus ou des organisations de rendre compte de leurs activités, d'en accepter la responsabilité et d'en exposer les résultats de façon transparente. À partir d'un matériau empirique constitué d'entretiens semi-directifs et d'observations participantes et non-participantes, complété par l'analyse d'un corpus documentaire varié, elle répond à cinq questions de recherche liant les agents de base, les managers qui les encadrent et les instruments gestionnaires de redevabilité. Ces questions concernent les effets réels, désirés ou non, des instruments gestionnaires encadrant la mise en oeuvre des politiques d'insertion socioprofessionnelle. Elles permettent également d'évaluer la pertinence des instruments de la NGP au regard de l'objectif général d'amélioration de la qualité du service aux usagers. En résumé, les instruments étudiés incitent les managers et les agents à la conformité (légale et budgétaire) et entraînent des conséquences inattendues limitant l'efficacité des interventions, ce qui met en question la pertinence du lien entre NGP et qualité du service rendu aux usagers. Les résultats obtenus font également ressortir l'importance d'étudier l'ensemble de la chaîne d'exécution des politiques publiques en tenant compte des interactions entre niveaux.

How hard is a commercial puzzle: the eternity II challenge

Recently, edge matching puzzles, an NP-complete problem, have received, thanks to money-prized contests, considerable attention from wide audiences. We consider these competitions not only a challenge for SAT/CSP solving techniques but also as an opportunity to showcase the advances in the SAT/CSP community to a general audience. This paper studies the NP-complete problem of edge matching puzzles focusing on providing generation models of problem instances of variable hardness and on its resolution through the application of SAT and CSP techniques. From the generation side, we also identify the phase transition phenomena for each model. As solving methods, we employ both; SAT solvers through the translation to a SAT formula, and two ad-hoc CSP solvers we have developed, with different levels of consistency, employing several generic and specialized heuristics. Finally, we conducted an extensive experimental investigation to identify the hardest generation models and the best performing solving techniques.

Evaluation and implementation process for commercial elevator landing doors

Tason ovet voivat olla joko itsesuunniteltuja ja -tehtyjä, tai itse malli ja tuote voidaan ostaa myös yrityksen ulkoa. Tätä make-or-buy kysymystä pohdittaessa ilmenee monta tekijää, jotka vaikuttavat päätökseen. Jos yritys käsittää ostamisen parempana vaihtoehtona, tuote tarvitsee myösimplementointisuunnitelman. Tämän työn päätavoite oli luoda arviointi- ja implementointiprosessi kaupallisille hissin tason oville. Muut tavoitteet olivat: selvittää syyt tälle erikoiselle toiminnolle, löytää kaupallisten ovien käyttöön liittyvät edut ja haitat, sekä luoda kriteerit tason ovien arvioinnille. Lopputuloksena saatiin, että tämän prosessin suorittajan pitää sitoutua arviointi- ja implementointiprosessiin,ja että myös virtuaalitehdas tarvitaan täydentämään arviointivaihetta. Mutta tärkein havainto oli, että tulevaisuuden ovistrategia ei ole vielä täysin päätetty ja siitä syystä yrityksen omat ovimallit pitäisi testata ja verrata niitä kaupallisiin ovimalleihin käyttämällä tämän työn arviointiprosessia.

Brief cognitive assessment instruments in schizophrenia and bipolar patients, and healthy control subjects: A comparison study between the Brief Cognitive Assessment Tool for Schizophrenia (B-CATS) and the Screen for Cognitive Impairment in Psychiatry (SCIP)

Cognitive impairment in schizophrenia and psychosis is ubiquitous and acknowledged as a core feature of clinical expression, pathophysiology, and prediction of functioning. However, assessment of cognitive functioning is excessively time-consuming in routine practice, and brief cognitive instruments specific to psychosis would be of value. Two screening tools have recently been created to address this issue, i.e., the Brief Cognitive Assessment Tool for Schizophrenia (B-CATS) and the Screen for Cognitive Impairment in Psychiatry (SCIP). The aim of this research was to examine the comparative validity of these two brief instruments in relation to a global cognitive score. 161 patients with psychosis (96 patients diagnosed with schizophrenia and 65 patients diagnosed with bipolar disorder) and 76 healthy control subjects were tested with both instruments to examine their concurrent validity relative to a more comprehensive neuropsychological assessment battery. Scores from the B-CATS and the SCIP were highly correlated in the three diagnostic groups, and both scales showed good to excellent concurrent validity relative to a Global Cognitive Composite Score (GCCS) derived from the more comprehensive examination. The SCIP-S showed better predictive value of global cognitive impairment than the B-CATS. Partial and semi-partial correlations showed slightly higher percentages of both shared and unique variance between the SCIP-S and the GCCS than between the B-CATS and the GCCS. Brief instruments for assessing cognition in schizophrenia and bipolar disorders, such as the SCIP-S and B-CATS, seem to be reliable and promising tools for use in routine clinical practice.

Strategy Formulation and Implementation Case of High Tech Instruments

The strategy process is a method for strategy formulation and implementation. The strategy process is commonly used especially within bigger companies. It is important to link the strategy formulation and implementation. The objective of this thesis has been to find out improvement areas for the case company’s strategy process. The theoretical framework based on literature emphasizes on strategy process as a method for strategy formulation and implementation. The theoretical framework, several mainly ad hoc interviews and author’s observation were used as tools to analyze the case company’s strategy process. The hierarchy in between the various corporate levels provides the foundation to formulate and implement the strategies. These strategies include the corporate and strategic business area level strategies. The recommendations to improve the case company’s strategy process were formulated at corporate and strategic business area levels. These recommendations were formulated based on research and experience gained throughout the work. The role of strategic projects to implement the strategies more efficiently and organizational control over distribution were found as potential improvement areas. The resource allocation prioritizing towards the most important strategic projects was also an important improvement area.

Broadband prices in the European Union : competition and commercial strategies

This paper analyses the determinants of broadband Internet access prices in a group of 15 EU countries between 2008 and 2011. Using a rich panel dataset of broadband plans, we show the positive effect of downstream speed on prices, and report that cable and fibre-to-the-home technologies are available at lower prices per Mbps than x DSL technology. Operators’marketing strategies are also analysed as we show how much prices rise when the broadband service is offered in a bundle with voice telephony and/or television, and how much they fall when download volume caps are included. The most insightful results of this study are provided by a group of metrics that represent the situation of competition and entry patterns in the broadband market. We show that consumer segmentation positively affects prices. On the other hand, broadband prices are higher in countries where entrants make greater use of bitstream access and lower when they use more intensively direct access -local loop unbundling-. However, we do not find a significant effect of inter-platform competition on prices.

Pandeiro-tekniikkaa perinteisessä sambassa ja uudemmassa populaarimusiikissa

Tavoitteeni opinnäytetyössä on esitellä erilaisia pandeiron soittotyylejä. Perinteisen tavan lisäksi esittelen uudemman tyylin, jota nimitän Suzano-tekniikaksi, joka muodostaa suuren osan työstä. Selvitän myös pandeiron käyttömahdollisuuksia populaarimusiikissa. Lisäksi selvitän tietoa pandeiro -soittimesta muille soittajille, sillä se on vielä varsin vieras soitin Suomessa. Työhöni olen kerännyt erilaista tietoa, mitä olen lukenut, kuullut ja nähnyt. Tieto on siis pääosin jo olemassa ollutta, mutta sen analysoiminen, kokoaminen yhteen ja yleisellä tasolla tietoon saattaminen ja esimerkkien avulla havainnollistaminen tuo mielestäni uutta tietoa pandeiron soitosta. Työni sisältääkin paljon nuottiesimerkkejä. Koska kyseessä on etninen soitin, on tärkeää tutustuttaa lukija myös soittimen rakenteeseen ja alkuperään. Työssä esittelen myös joitain yleisimpiä Koillis-Brasilian rytmejä, sillä brasilialaisessa populaarimusiikissa käytetään paljon elementtejä vanhoista ja perinteisistä rytmeistä. Tähän osioon olen valinnut sekä rumpusettityylisiä komppeja että lyömäsoitinfunktiossa olevia rytmejä, joilla täydennetään komppipohjaa. Työssä on myös mukana joitain ajatuksia pandeiron harjoitteluun. Olen suunnitellut harjoituksia pandeirolle käyttäen apuna tavallisia rumpukirjoja. Työhöni olen liittänyt DVD-levyn havainnollistamaan esimerkkejä, sillä pelkän kuulokuvan perusteella asiaan perehtymättömän on mahdotonta tietää, miten rytmit on soitettu.

Annuaire de la papeterie française et étrangère (technique, industriel et commercial, fondé en 1865)

Variante(s) de titre : Annuaire général de la papeterie française et étrangère

Annuaire de la papeterie française et étrangère (technique, industriel et commercial, fondé en 1865)

1865 (A1).

Les Droits de l’homme la démocratie et l’Etat de droit dans l’action extérieure de l’Union européenne. Transversalité et pluralité des instruments

Les droits de l’Homme, la Démocratie et l’Etat de droit sont des valeurs fondatrices de l’Union Européenne et constituent des objectifs fondamentaux de son action extérieure. Leur promotion et leur protection se révèlent nécessaires au regard des systèmes institutionnels et politiques profondément instables de certains Etats tiers et des nombreuses violations des Droits de l’Homme et des principes démocratiques à travers le monde que ce soit de la part d’Etat tiers ou d’autres entités ou personnes. Pour ce faire, l’Union dispose de différents moyens d’actions qu’elle exerce à travers des mesures incitatives et également restrictives.

Fast and economic immobilization methods described for non-commercial Pseudomonas lipases

There is an increasing interest to seek new enzyme preparations for the development of new products derived from bioprocesses to obtain alternative bio-based materials. In this context, four non-commercial lipases from Pseudomonas species were prepared, immobilized on different low-cost supports, and examined for potential biotechnological applications. Results: To reduce costs of eventual scaling-up, the new lipases were obtained directly from crude cell extracts or from growth culture supernatants, and immobilized by simple adsorption on Accurel EP100, Accurel MP1000 and Celite (R) 545. The enzymes evaluated were LipA and LipC from Pseudomonas sp. 42A2, a thermostable mutant of LipC, and LipI. 3 from Pseudomonas CR611, which were produced in either homologous or heterologous hosts. Best immobilization results were obtained on Accurel EP100 for LipA and on Accurel MP1000 for LipC and its thermostable variant. Lip I. 3, requiring a refolding step, was poorly immobilized on all supports tested ( best results for Accurel MP1000). To test the behavior of immobilized lipases, they were assayed in triolein transesterification, where the best results were observed for lipases immobilized on Accurel MP1000. Conclusions: The suggested protocol does not require protein purification and uses crude enzymes immobilized by a fast adsorption technique on low-cost supports, which makes the method suitable for an eventual scaling up aimed at biotechnological applications. Therefore, a fast, simple and economic method for lipase preparation and immobilization has been set up. The low price of the supports tested and the simplicity of the procedure, skipping the tedious and expensive purification steps, will contribute to cost reduction in biotechnological lipase-catalyzed processes.

Retinal damage induced by commercial light emitting diodes (LEDs).

Spectra of "white LEDs" are characterized by an intense emission in the blue region of the visible spectrum, absent in daylight spectra. This blue component and the high intensity of emission are the main sources of concern about the health risks of LEDs with respect to their toxicity to the eye and the retina. The aim of our study was to elucidate the role of blue light from LEDs in retinal damage. Commercially available white LEDs and four different blue LEDs (507, 473, 467, and 449nm) were used for exposure experiments on Wistar rats. Immunohistochemical stain, transmission electron microscopy, and Western blot were used to exam the retinas. We evaluated LED-induced retinal cell damage by studying oxidative stress, stress response pathways, and the identification of cell death pathways. LED light caused a state of suffering of the retina with oxidative damage and retinal injury. We observed a loss of photoreceptors and the activation of caspase-independent apoptosis, necroptosis, and necrosis. A wavelength dependence of the effects was observed. Phototoxicity of LEDs on the retina is characterized by a strong damage of photoreceptors and by the induction of necrosis.