Annual investment plan fiscal year 2012-2013

The South Carolina Retirement System Investment Commission publishes an annual plan for the investment objectives and mission of the Retirement System for the fiscal year.

Eventos climáticos e suas consequências em Franca - SP

Pós-graduação em Geografia - IGCE

2013-2018 Highway Program Summary, 2012

The Iowa Transportation Commission (Commission) and the Iowa Department of Transportation (DOT) develop Iowa’s Five Year Highway Program (Program) to inform you of planned investments in our state’s primary and interstate highway system. This brochure summarizes the FY 2013-2017 Program. $2.6 billion is forecast for highway right of way and construction. The Program is updated and approved in June of each year. A large part of funding available for highway programming comes from the federal government. Accurately estimating future federal funding levels is dependent on having a multiyear federal transportation authorization bill in place. The most recent authorization, Safe, Accountable, Flexible, Efficient Transportation Equity Act: A Legacy for Users (SAFETEA-LU), expired September 30, 2009, and to date it has been extended nine times because a new authorization has not yet been enacted. The current extension will expire June 30, 2012.

Análisis de la imposición predial rural y de patente en la actividad agropecuaria en los Municipios de Rumiñahui y Mejía por los años 2012 y 2013

Este trabajo permite conocer la gestión del impuesto predial rural y del impuesto de patente con relación a los actores del sector agropecuario de los municipios de Rumiñahui y Mejía durante los años 2012 y 2013. A través de esta investigación se expone y analiza los aspectos más relevantes en el ámbito conceptual, normativo y aplicativo de estos tributos dentro de la delimitación espacial y temporal referida. Considerando la importancia del sector agropecuario en el Ecuador como un eje primordial del desarrollo económico, resulta vital conocer el tratamiento tributario local hacia el sector, tomando como referencia el impuesto predial rural y el impuesto de patente, con base en la normativa legal que deviene del Código Orgánico de Organización Territorial, Autonomía y Descentralización y de la normativa reglamentaria contenida en las ordenanzas que cada uno de los gobiernos municipales objeto de estudio han expedido para la aplicación de tributos locales. El primer capítulo comprende la descripción de políticas públicas, el régimen tributario establecido para el sector, así como tratamientos tributarios diferenciados que mantienen otros países hacia el sector agropecuario. El segundo capítulo abarca el análisis de la normativa aplicada al sector agropecuario atinente al impuesto predial rural y al impuesto de patente con atención a los casos específicos que motivan esta investigación, complementado con una revisión comparada de las legislaciones de Bolivia, Colombia y Perú, a efectos de determinar el tratamiento tributario respecto a este tipo de impuestos en países andinos, con realidades similares a la ecuatoriana. El tercer capítulo refleja la investigación de campo, enfocando la evolución de los dos impuestos en los gobiernos municipales de Rumiñahui y Mejía con datos cuantitativos que evidencian los volúmenes de recaudación de dichos impuestos en el sector agropecuario por el período analizado, y su peso con relación al resto de tributos gestionados y cobrados por dichos gobiernos locales.

Políticas europeas para la competitividad, salarios mìnimos y tutela del poder adquisitivo de las retribuciones en Italia tras el acuerdo de noviembre de 2012 [European Policies for competitiveness, minimum wages and purchasing power protection in Italy after the November 2012 agreement]. WP C.S.D.L.E. “Massimo D’Antona”.INT – 99/2013

On the floor of the Global Wage Report 2012/2013 by ILO, entitled Wages and equitable growth, the A. thinks that the wage regulation has to take into account competitiveness without compressing global aggregate demand. Therefore, International and European rules are necessary to avoid the spiral towards the wages dampen, which is bad for the economic development. The rules in action at the different levels are inadequate. The A. proposes an interpretation of Article 153 and Article 155 TFEU that is more suitable for a European regulation promoting better minimum wages and more coherent with the current legal framework of the right to pay, which can be considered, even if partially, as a social right.

Particle size of Saharan dust in the Atlantic Ocean, from October 2012 to November 2013

Mineral dust has a large impact on regional and global climate, depending on its particle size. Especially in the Atlantic Ocean downwind of the Sahara, the largest dust source on earth, the effects can be substantial but are poorly understood. This study focuses on seasonal and spatial variations in particle size of Saharan dust deposition across the Atlantic Ocean, using an array of submarine sediment traps moored along a transect at 12° N. We show that the particle size decreases downwind with increased distance from the Saharan source, due to higher gravitational settling velocities of coarse particles in the atmosphere. Modal grain sizes vary between 4 and 33 µm throughout the different seasons and at five locations along the transect. This is much coarser than previously suggested and incorporated into climate models. In addition, seasonal changes are prominent, with coarser dust in summer, and finer dust in winter and spring. Such seasonal changes are caused by transport at higher altitudes and at greater wind velocities during summer than in winter. Also the latitudinal migration of the dust cloud, associated with the Intertropical Convergence Zone, causes seasonal differences in deposition as the summer dust cloud is located more to the north, and more directly above the sampled transect. Furthermore, increased precipitation and more frequent dust storms in summer coincide with coarser dust deposition. Our findings contribute to understanding Saharan dust transport and deposition relevant for the interpretation of sedimentary records for climate reconstructions, as well as for global and regional models for improved prediction of future climate.

2013 - 2017 Iowa Transportation Improvement Program,

This document describes planned investments in Iowa’s multimodal transportation system including aviation, transit, railroads, trails, and highways. A large part of funding available for highway programming comes from the federal government. Accurately estimating future federal funding levels is dependent on having a multiyear federal transportation authorization bill in place. The most recent authorization, Safe, Accountable, Flexible, Efficient Transportation Equity Act: A Legacy for Users (SAFETEA-LU), expired September 30, 2009, and to date it has been extended nine times because a new authorization has not yet been enacted. The current extension will expire June 30, 2012.

Posibles causas de la reducción de la población penitenciaria en España y Cataluña entre 2010 y 2013 : Efecto de la Ley Orgánica 5/2010 sobre esta reducción

Desde 1980 hasta 2010, la población penitenciaria no dejó de crecer. Sin embargo, desde 2010 esta tasa se está reduciendo. En este trabajo se trata de buscar una serie de explicaciones para este aumento, y para la posterior reducción. Se pone especialatención en la entrada en vigor de la Ley Orgánica 5/2010, que supuso una extensa reforma del Código Penal. Con esta Ley Orgánica, se introdujo la posibilidad de reducir en un grado ciertas conductas contra la salud pública, en forma de subtipo atenuado.Esto puede haber supuesto un efecto considerable sobre la reducción de las tasas de encarcelamiento. Para estudiar el efecto de este nuevo subtipo, se realiza una pequeña investigación cuantitativa sobre una muestra de sentencias por delitos contra la saludpública. Después, se muestran los resultados y se proponen nuevas líneas de investigación.

Maaseudun kulttuurimaisemat ja maisemanähtävyydet : Ehdotukset Pohjanmaan, Etelä- ja Keski-Pohjanmaan valtakunnallisesti arvokkaiksi maisema-alueiksi 2013 :

Valtakunnallisesti ja maakunnallisesti arvokkaat maisema-alueet ovat edustavimpia maaseudun kulttuurimaisemia, joiden arvo perustuu monimuotoiseen kulttuurivaikutteiseen luontoon, hoidettuun viljelymaisemaan ja perinteiseen rakennuskantaan. Maisema-alueilla turvataan edustavien ja elinvoimaisten maaseutumaisemien säilyminen. Ympäristöministeriössä on meneillään valtakunnallisesti arvokkaiden maisema-alueiden päivitys- ja täydennysinventointi. Päivitys- ja täydennysinventoinnit toteutetaan vuosina 2010–2014 maakunnittain. Etelä- ja Keski-Pohjanmaan sekä Pohjanmaan valtakunnallisesti ja maakunnallisesti arvokkaat maisema-alueet inventoitiin vuosina 2012 - 2013. Inventointikohteet ovat valtakunnallisesti arvokkaita maisemaalueita (valtioneuvoston periaatepäätös 1995), maakunnallisesti arvokkaita maisema-alueita ja valtakunnallisesti arvokkaiden rakennetun kulttuuriympäristön (RKY 2009) arvotuksessa pudonneita tai supistuneita kohteita, jotka inventoidaan maisema-arvojen näkökulmasta. Tällä hetkellä Etelä- ja Keski-Pohjanmaan sekä Pohjanmaan maakunnissa on yhteensä 15 valtakunnallisesti merkittävää maisema-aluetta tai maisemanähtävyyttä. Nyt tehdyssä päivitysinventoinnissa tarkasteltiin aluevalikoimaa, alueiden arvoluokkia ja rajauksia.

Landsbygdens kulturlandskap och landskapssevärdheter : Förslag till nationellt värdefulla landskapsområden i Österbotten, Södra Österbotten och Mellersta Österbotten 2013

De nationellt värdefulla landskapsområdena är landsbygdens mest representativa kulturlandskap. Deras värde baserar sig på en mångformig kulturpåverkad natur, ett vårdat odlingslandskap och ett traditionellt byggnadsbestånd. Med hjälp av utsedda landskapsområden tryggas bevarandet av representativa och livskraftiga landsbygdslandskap. En uppdaterings- och kompletteringsinventering av nationellt värdefulla landskapsområden pågår som bäst vid miljöministeriet. Uppdaterings- och kompletteringsinventeringarna genomförs landskapsvis under åren 2010-2014. De nationellt värdefulla områdena samt områdena som är värdefulla på landskapsnivå i landskapen Södra och Mellersta Österbotten samt Österbotten inventerades under åren 2012-2013. Inventeringsobjekten är nationellt värdefulla landskapsområden (statsrådets principbeslut 1995) och objekt som fallit bort eller beskurits vid värderingen av bebyggda kulturmiljöer av riksintresse (RKY 2009), och som nu inventeras med avseende på landskapsvärdena. I landskapen Södra och Mellersta Österbotten samt Österbotten finns för närvarande totalt 15 nationellt värdefulla landskapsområden eller landskapssevärdheter. I den nu genomförda uppdateringsinventeringen granskades områdesurvalet, värdeklassificeringen och avgränsningarna.

International Advanced Water Technologies Centre, IAWTC/LADEC and LUT 2013 : Questionnaire Responses from Russian Drinking Water and Wastewater Treatment Plants

In this report, information is published concerning Russian water and wastewater treatment plants. The information is based on a questionnaire sent to 70 water and wastewater treatment plants in 2012-2013. The questionnaire was prepared by the International Advanced Water Technologies Centre (IAWTC) and Lahti Development Company (LADEC). The questions dealt with an assessment of the present state, the need for changes, renovation, investments, and how to improve the efficiency of the operation by training and investments. A significant need to renew the old pipelines, constructions, and processes was clearly evident. The aggregated answers can be utilized in Russia as internal benchmarking in order to arrange training and plant visits, which were requested in many of the answers. Sharing this open report with the respondents can aid networking and awareness of HELCOM requirements which relate to waste water treatment plants discharging their waste water directly or indirectly into the Baltic Sea. The aim of this report is to provide information for Finnish small and medium size companies (SMEs) as regards possible water related exportation to different parts of Russia.

Dorothy Rungeling fonds, 1887-2013, n.d.

Dorothy Rungeling was born in 1911 and raised in Fenwick, Ontario, by her adopted mother, Ethelwyn Wetherald. After graduating high school, she attended Fort Erie business College. She worked briefly in Toronto and then Hamilton, but eventually took a job with Brown Brothers’ Nursery in Pelham to be closer to home. Dorothy pursued many interests, learning to play the violin, saxophone and clarinet. She met her husband Charles at a local dance where she was playing. In 1939, they opened an automobile and farm machinery business in Welland. In their spare time, they were active in skeet and trap shooting, for which Dorothy won many trophies. In the early 1940s, Dorothy developed a passion for horses, training and showing them in addition to teaching riding at the Welland Riding Club, as well as judging at horse shows. By the late 1940s her interest in horses was waning, but she soon after discovered and pursued a new interest: flying. She joined the Welland Flying Club, obtained a flying licence, and in 1949 purchased her first plane. She proceeded to obtain a Commercial Pilot Licence in 1951, an Instructor’s Licence in 1953, and a Senior Commercial Licence in 1954. She participated in many air races in the 1950s, including the All Women’s International Air Races, the Women’s Transcontinental Air Races, and the Canadian Governor-General’s Cup Air Race. Some of the most notable races were the 1954 International Air Race, where Dorothy met with President Batista of Cuba, and the Governor-General’s Cup Air Race, where she won 1st place in 1953 and 1956 (and was the only woman competing). In 1958, she was also the first Canadian woman to solo pilot a helicopter. That same year she obtained her Airline Transport Licence. She also wrote several articles on aviation, contributing to publications such as Canadian Aviation and Air Facts, a U.S. aviation magazine. In addition to these articles, Dorothy authored several books about her life, as well as a selection of poems and articles by Ethelwyn Wetherald. As planes became more expensive, Dorothy spent less time flying, instead pursuing an interest in sailing. She and her husband bought a sailboat and became members of the Niagara-on-the-Lake Sailing Club. In 2003, Dorothy was awarded the Order of Canada for her accomplishments. She also wrote a regular column for the Voice of Pelham in 2012-2013, called A Century in Pelham. Dorothy celebrated her 100th birthday in 2011, and remains an active member of the community.

Rapport annuel 2011-2012

Rapport annuel des activités de la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal en 2011-2012.

Incidencia de los actores armados ilegales en la tributación minera de los municipios auríferos de Antioquia 2007 - I. 2012

Inmersos en un conflicto armado y guiados por un modelo político que busca aprovechar el boom minero en pro del desarrollo de Colombia, se han potencializado dinámicas ilegales donde los Actores Armados Ilegales (A.A.I), como ‘bandidos estacionarios’, se han ido adaptando a las nuevas dinámicas del mercado donde el lucro, la rentabilidad y la financiación son su objetivo central. En el departamento de Antioquia, esa situación data desde la formación de sus regiones, como son el caso del Bajo Cauca y Nordeste Antioqueño. Empero, lo novedoso en el conflicto armado, y que tiene relación directa con la minería aurífera es, la alta posibilidad que los A.A.I. estén viendo en esta actividad su principal fuente de financiación como consecuencia de dos hechos importantes: 1). El éxito que ha tenido la lucha contra el narcotráfico y por ende, contra los cultivos ilícitos. Y, 2) El elevado precio del oro en el mercado internacional puesto que, se estima que en los próximos años alcance entre $2.000 y $2.107 dólares la onza. En este orden de ideas, el lector encontrará como los actores armados ilegales actúan como bandidos estacionarios que ejerciendo la “minería criminal”, inciden en la política fiscal municipal a partir de la para-tributación o ‘impuesto de protección’, captación de regalías y el lavado de activos; donde el fin es financiar sus actividades criminales, afectando negativamente la política tributaria de los gobiernos municipales que se caracteriza por su baja capacidad de gestión.