Nutrição do porta-enxerto 'Flying Dragon'

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Modelo de conjuntos fuzzy e de regressão logística para dados de obesidade

Obesidade e comumente definida como um excesso de gordura corporal, porém diante da dificuldade em mensurar tal gordura diretamente, esta tem sido definida como um excesso de peso mais do que um excesso de gordura corporal, que tem como desdobramento a ocorrência de doenças associadas e/ou prejuízos a saúde do indivíduo (4). Atualmente, o excesso de massa corpórea e verificado por meio de um Indice de Massa Corpórea (IMC), que considera o quociente entre o peso corporal (kg) e a estatura elevada ao quadrado (m2). Indivíduos com sobrepeso apresentam IMC de 25 at e 29; 9 kg=m2, e com obesidade apresentam IMC de 30 Kg=m2 ou mais, de acordo com a OMS (1). A identificação das causas da obesidade não é trivial e objetiva. Especialistas reconhecem que a obesidade e uma doença crônica, de difícil tratamento, denominada multifatorial, envolvendo em sua gênese diversos aspectos, entre eles: o consumo alimentar, aspectos ambientais, genéticos, psicossociais, entre outros. objetivo deste trabalho foi desenvolver um modelo baseado em teoria dos conjuntos Fuzzy para a classificação de obesidade levando em consideração as suas causas, e compará-lo com um modelo de regressão logística através da curva ROC. Para estudar as causas da obesidade na população de moradores da região do Distrito Sul de Campinas, foram coletados dados de uma amostra aleatória de 651 indivíuos, por meio de entrevista domiciliar. No primeiro estágio amostral, a partir do cadastro de domicílios residenciais dos agentes comunitários de saúde, foram aleatoriamente sorteados 920 domicílios (15% a mais do inicialmente previsto para cobrir perdas). Foram coletados dados de identificação geral, como: nome, idade, sexo, anos de escolaridade, tipo de ocupação e dados de consumo alimentar. O diagnóstico foi observado através do IMC. Num estudo preliminar, no modelo fuzzy foram consideradas como variáveis... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)

Aditivos alternativos aos antibióticos promotores de crescimento no desempenho de frangos de corte sob desafio sanitário

Pós-graduação em Zootecnia - FCAV

Variabilidade do padrão de esterases e atividade da glutationa S-transferase em linhagens geográficas de Drosophila melanogaster e D. simulans resistentes e suscetíveis ao inseticida DDT

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Recovery Tests of an Hybrid Current Limiter Composed of a SFCL in Parallel to an Air-Core Power Reactor

The resistive-type superconducting fault current limiters (RSFCL) prototypes using YBCO-coated conductors have shown current limitation for medium voltage class applications for acting time up to 80 ms. By connecting an air-core reactor in parallel with the RSFCL, thus making an hybrid current limiter, one can extend the acting time for up to 1 s. In this work, we report the performance of a hybrid current limiter subjected to an AC peak fault current of 2 kA during 1 s for which within the first 80 ms the SFCL limits the current concurrently with the air-core reactor, and for the remaining 920 ms, only the air-core reactor limits the current. In order to evaluate the actual conditions for subsequent reconnection of RSFCL to the power grid, the hybrid fault current limiter was tested varying the time interval for recovery from 900 ms and 1.2 s, followed again by the concurrent operation of the hybrid limiter during 1 s (SFCL during 80 ms). From this evaluation test, the recovery time can be measured and compared using the voltage peak generated in superconducting module from the first and second fault test. The recovery time was also determined through the pulsed current method (PCM) on short-length sample test. The results showed that the fault current was limited from 1.9 kA down to 514 A after 1 cycle of 60 Hz frequency, with recovery time lower than 1.2 s for two subsequent fault current tests.

Magnetic Purification of Curcumin from Curcuma longa Rhizome by Novel Naked Maghemite Nanoparticles

Naked maghemite nanoparticles, namely, surface active maghemite nanoparticles (SAMNs), characterized by a diameter of about 10 nm, possessing peculiar colloidal stability, surface chemistry, and superparamagnetism, present fundamental requisites for the development of effective magnetic purification processes for biomolecules in complex matrices. Polyphenolic molecules presenting functionalities with different proclivities toward iron chelation were studied as probes for testing SAMN suitability for magnetic purification. Thus, the binding efficiency and reversibility on SAMNs of phenolic compounds of interest in the pharmaceutical and food industries, namely, catechin, tyrosine, hydroxytyrosine, ferulic acid, coumaric acid, rosmarinic acid, naringenin, curcumin, and cyanidin-3-glucoside, were evaluated. Curcumin emerged as an elective compound, suitable for magnetic purification by SAMNs from complex matrices. A combination of curcumin, demethoxycurcumin, and bis-demethoxycurcumin was recovered by a single magnetic purification step from extracts of Curcuma longa rhizomes, with a purity >98% and a purification yield of 45%, curcumin being >80% of the total purified curcuminoids.

Morphology of ileal and jejunal pouches used as rectal substitutes

PURPOSE: Our aim was to determine whether the mucosa of a canine jejunal pouch used as a rectal substitute after proctocolectomy retains its morphologic features better than the mucosa of a canine ileal pouch so used. METHODS: Among ten dogs that underwent proctocolectomy, five had a jejunal pouch-distal rectal anastomosis and five an ileal pouch-distal rectal anastomosis. After six months, the animals were killed, the intestinal pouches and portions of unaltered distal ileum were removed, and a blinded, mucosal morphometric analysis was performed. RESULTS: The mucosa of the jejunal pouches had an overall thickness (mean ± standard deviation, anterior and posterior walls, 1,300 ± 140 μm), villous height (286 ± 46 μm), and crypt depth (790 ± 77 μm) greater than that of the ileal pouches (920 ± 170, 208 ± 47, and 530 ± 130 μm, respectively; P < 0.05). Moreover, the mucosal thickness of the jejunal pouches was similar to that of the distal ileum proximal to the pouch (1,200 ± 200 μm; P > 0.05), whereas the mucosal thickness of the ileal pouch was thinner (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The jejunal mucosa retains its major morphometric features when the jejunum is used as a rectal substitute after proctocolectomy. In contrast, the ileal mucosa atrophies when the ileum is so used.

Contração de polimerização e expansão higroscópica de resinas compostas: análise pela técnica de video-imagem

To evaluate the volumetric changes due to polymerization and thermocycling on different resin-composites. Methods: Thirteen A2 Universal Dentin shade resin-composites (n = 10) from eight manufacturers were evaluated (4Seasons, Grandio, Venus, Amelogen Plus, P90, Z350, Esthet-X, Amaris, Vita-l-escence, Natural-Look, Charisma, Z250 and Opallis). The polymerization shrinkage percentage (PS) was calculated using an image measurement device (ACUVOL - Bisco Dental). Equal volumes of material, standardized by a semisphere polyurethane matrix (d = 3mm) were used and, after 5 minutes of relaxation, the baseline volume measurements were obtained with 18 J of energy dose from the LED light-curing unit. Measurements were obtained after 5 minutes and PS values calculated. Specimens were stored in a drydark environment for 24 hours and re-measured. Specimens were then thermocycled in distilled water between 5oC and 55oC for 20,000 cycles, subjected to another volume measurement at 5,000 cycle intervals. Specimens were gently dried prior to each measurement. Results: Repeated measurements were made using ANOVA (α = 0.05) showed that all resin-composite volumes were influenced by the number of cycles. Volumes at 5 minutes post-polymerization (12.47 ± 0.08) were significantly lower than those at baseline (12.80 ± 0.09). Volumes at 24 hours (12.43 ± 0.19) were insignificantly lower than those at 5 minutes postpolymerization. With regards to the impact of thermocycling, all specimens showed statistically significant increases in volume after 5,000 cycles (13.04 ± 0.22). Although statistically different from those after 5,000 cycles, there was no statistically significant difference between volumes measured at 10,000 (12.87±0.21), 15,000 (12.92±0.24), and 20,000 (12.84±0.23) cycles. Conclusion: According to the video-imaging analysis, thermocycling caused a significant expansion in resin-composites tested, the volume increase was not able to...

Raman and infrared investigations of glass and glass-ceramics with composition 2Na2O·1CaO·3SiO2

Precursor glass and glass-ceramics with molar composition 2Na2O·1CaO·3SiO2 are studied by infrared, conventional, and microprobe Raman techniques. The Gaussian deconvoluted Raman spectrum of the glass presents bands at 625 and 660 cm-1, attributed to bending vibrations of Si-O-Si bonds, and at 860, 920, 975, and 1030 cm-1, attributed to symmetric stretching vibrations of SiO4 tetrahedra with 4, 3, 2, and 1 nonbridging oxygens, respectively. The Raman microprobe spectrum of a highly crystallized sample presents two narrow and intense bands at about 590 and 980 cm-1, associated with vibrations of SiO4 tetrahedra with two nonbridging oxygens, in agreement with the predicted chain-like structure of crystalline metasilicates. Scanning electron microscopy shows that the crystals distributed in partially crystallized samples have a spherical shape, built up by radially oriented needle-like single crystals. The Raman microprobe spectra of these spherulites show that they still contain residual amorphous material. A comparison of Raman and infrared spectra of amorphous and highly crystallized samples is presented.

Influencia das Fases de Anestro e Diestro sobre a Configuração da Cromatina em Vesícula Germinativa do Oócitos Caninos.

Fundação de Apoio à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

NONSPECIFIC INFECTIOUS DISEASES IN PREHISTORIC SAN PEDRO DE ATACAMA, NORTHERN CHILE

The region of San Pedro de Atacama, Northern Chile, has undergone several cultural and social changes after humans settled in Atacama Desert around 500 BC. The Atacameno people experienced the highest degree of social and cultural changes between 400 and 900 AD when they were assimilated into the Tiwanaku trade and political web that influenced most of the Central-Southern Andes. Under the influence of Tiwanaku, San Pedro de Atacama experienced its greatest economic development. Prior analyses of local human skeletal remains have shown a significant increase in the stature of the local population during the same period. In this paper, we investigate the impact of the Tiwanaku influence on the local epidemiological profile using the incidence of periostitis and osteomyelitis as indicators of biological stress. Surprisingly, the best epidemiological condition occurred during the final phase of influence of Tiwanaku (910-960 AD), and not during the apex influence (480-920 AD), as expected by the archaeological context. We suggest that population growth and aggregation may have counteracted the benefits of improved nutrition during the peak Tiwanaku influence. A severe drought occurred between 1,100 and 1,400 AD in Northern Chile. This could also explain the marked increase of bone infections in the post-Tiwanaku period (920-1,240 AD).

Bone marrow cells of swine: collection and separation

Bone marrow is a source of stem cells for greater and easier access, which is widely studied as a provider of hematopoietic and mesenchymal cells for various purposes, mainly therapeutic by the advances in research involving cell therapy. The swine is an animal species commonly used in the pursuit of development of experimental models. Thus, this study aimed to standardize protocol for collection and separation of bone marrow in swines, since this species is widely used as experimental models for various diseases. Twelve animals were used, which underwent bone marrow puncture with access from the iliac crest and cell separation by density gradient followed by a viability test with an average of 98% of viable cells. Given our results, we can ensure the swine as an excellent model for obtaining and isolation of mononuclear cells from bone marrow, stimulating several studies addressing the field of cell therapy. Microsc. Res. Tech., 2012. (C) 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Evaluation of the Sensitivity of Freshwater Organisms Used in Toxicity Tests of Wastewater from Explosives Company

Explosives industries are a source of toxic discharge. The aim of this study was to compare organisms sensitivity (Daphnia similis, Danio rerio, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas putida) in detecting acute toxicity in wastewater from two explosives, 2,4,6-TNT (TNT) and nitrocellulose. The samples were collected from an explosives company in the Paraiba Valley, So Paulo, Brazil. The effluents from TNT and nitrocellulose production were very toxic for tested organisms. Statistical tests indicated that D. similis and D. rerio were the most sensitive organisms for toxicity detection in effluents from 2,4,6-TNT and nitrocellulose production. The P. putida bacteria was the organism considered the least sensitive in indicating toxicity in effluents from nitrocellulose.

Isolation and characterisation of microsatellite loci in the wasp Mischocyttarus cassununga

Mischocyttarus cassununga, a primitively eusocial Brazilian wasp, commonly found in urban environments, is an interesting model for studies on the evolution of social behaviour in hymenopteran insects. In this study, we constructed a microsatellite-enriched genomic library and presented primers for 18 microsatellite loci. For the analysis, 20 unrelated females were screened and all loci obtained were polymorphic. PCR amplification revealed from 3 (Mcas5b) to 17 (Mcas53b) alleles per locus (). We detected the levels of observed (H (o)) and expected (H (e)) heterozygosities ranging from 0.150 to 0.950 and 0.261 to 0.920, respectively. The polymorphic information content ranged from 0.238 to 0.915, averaging 0.680. All loci were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and linkage disequilibrium was not detected after sequential Bonferroni correction (P > 0.05). These molecular markers will allow further studies on sociogenetic structure, extensive population genetic analysis and diversity of M. cassununga and other Mischocyttarini species.

Looking for meson molecules in B decays

We discuss the possibility of observing a loosely bound molecular state in a three-body hadronic B decay. In particular, we use the QCD sum rule approach to study eta' - pi molecular current. We consider an isovector-scalar I(G)J(PC) = 1(-)0(++) molecular current, and we use two- and three-point functions to study the mass and decay width of such a state. We consider the contributions of condensates up to dimension six, and we work at leading order in alpha(s). We obtain a mass around 1.1 GeV, consistent with a loosely bound state, and eta' - pi -> K+K- decay width around 10 MeV.