1000 resultados para educação de jovens e adultos
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A pesquisa pretende anunciar quem são as mulheres das classes populares, sujeitos dos programas de alfabetização de adultos, nesse caso o MOVA/RS, analisando as múltiplas facetas do cotidiano feminino. Busca compreender como elas se constituem na perspectiva das relações de saber - em que estão imersas no cotidiano – e as relações com o saber, tendo a leitura e a escrita como saberesobjetos e o MOVA/RS na cidade de Getúlio Vargas como ponto de confluência. Inscreve-se como pesquisa qualitativa, que busca inspiração nos princípios da etnografia, desenvolve-se através das memórias dos sujeitos e utiliza as estratégias de observações e entrevistas, as quais constituíram o modo de apreensão e análise. A análise de dados constitui-se na interlocução com os relatos de vida e os referenciais teóricos de pesquisas que têm como sujeitos, as classes populares, com o objetivo de trazer as “informações” desde o olhar das mesmas: Freire, Paludo, Mazza, Nogueira, Bosi, Moll, Brandão. Dentre outros, busca-se aproximações com alguns conceitos de Martins, Boff, Duarte Jr., Palácios, Giddens, Mires, Sarti, Oliveira, Bruschini e Rosemberg, Bauer, Charlot, Soares, Kleimann. Assim, foi viabilizado o conhecimento sobre a concretude, similar e singular, das mulheres das classes populares, quanto às categorias produzidas. As mulheres das classes populares vão se constituindo, enquanto tais, na “escola da vida”, através do diálogo, conversa, “fofocagem”, observação da natureza, participação em diferentes grupos, em cada experiência do mundo feminino no processo dinâmico da vida Quanto às relações com a leitura e a escrita, tendo como espaço de confluência o MOVA/RS, convergiram na busca desse saber-objeto e diferenciaram-se nos motivos desse desejo. As conquistas, ultrapassaram a constituição de um universo de saberes-objetos, aproximando-se de outros dois processos epistêmicos da relação com o saber: a ação no mundo e a regulação da relação com os outros e consigo. Nesse sentido, a pesquisa chama a atenção para que os adultos sejam olhados de outras perspectivas, ou seja, desde o seu ponto de vista, e aponta alguns desafios ao profissional da educação de adultos.
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O artigo documenta a evolução da educação profissional entre jovens e busca as suas causas objetivas, aí incluindo o perfil socioeconômico e geográfico da nova demanda, a oferta de cursos privados de informática, de programas estaduais e federais, entre outras. Outra linha assumida ouve as razões dos jovens para percalços entre oferta e demanda da educação profissional como motivos para não frequentar cursos, para não terminá-los e/ou para não aplicá-los no mercado de trabalho.
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O presente trabalho apresenta a experiência das escolas comunitárias da favela da Rocinha, durante o período de 1968 a 1986, e a analisa a partir de duas vertentes: - a questão urbana - a escola comunitária enquanto uma forma de organização popular, que aliada aos outros grupos comunitários da Rocinha, questiona a alocação desigual de recursos públicos e luta pela melhoria das condições de vida na favela. A questão educacional - a prática pedagógica dessas escolas junto às crianças, jovens e adultos; a busca de uma metodologia e de conteúdos que partam da realidade dos alunos e dos objetivos do trabalho comunitário. O estudo de caso foi elaborado a partir de entrevistas (realizadas junto a lideranças, educadores, pais, alunos, agentes externos e técnicos), de fontes documentais e da participação da autora no trabalho comunitário da favela, iniciada em 1976. Procurou-se apreender a origem dessa experiência junto à precariedade/ineficácia do sistema oficial de ensino e ao processo de reorganização das classes populares, e perceber também a relação entre as diferentes conjunturas e a configuração que as escolas comunitárias foram assumindo ao longo dessa trajetória.
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To the we assume the disciplines of the area of Literacy of the course of Pedagogy, our intention has been the one of working the literacy, the reading and the writing as alive processes, as social practices inserted in the history, continuators of the subjectivity, done in the culture and producing of culture. The importance of the course of Pedagogy in the teachers' formation is unquestionable; however our goal is to highlight, in this work, the paper of that course in the formation of the teacher alphabetized, while mediator of the literacy process with an inclusive vision. In that to walk, it appeared us the following subject: which the contributions and the gaps theoretical-practices - of degree courses in Pedagogy - experienced for the exits of that course, in the specific pedagogic work of alphabetizing children, young adult and/or our study aims at to investigate, under the perspective of teachers alphabetizer licensed in courses of Pedagogy, the contributions and the theoretical-practical gaps of those courses, in the formation of the educator alphabetizer. In this sense, our work if it bases on the presuppositions of the qualitative investigation that leaves of the foundation that there is a dynamic relationship among the real and subjective world, an alive interdependence between subject and object, an entail indissoluble between the objective world and the subjective (CHIZZOTTI, 1998, p.79). The research is characterized as a descriptive and interpretative study and for the collection of data; the questionnaire, the semi-structured interview and the documental analysis were used. We took the following providences for the choice of Locus and of the subject of the research: it visits to the schools; compatibility of the criteria previously defined for choice of Locus and of the Subjects. For the choice of those schools, we defined the following criteria: that, in your individuality / totality, they were located in integral neighborhoods of, at least three of the four administrative areas of the city of Natal; that, in your individuality / totality, they contemplated the public spheres and private of attendance; that, in the year of accomplishment of the research - 2004 - they were offering infantile education and/or fundamental teaching; this last one gone back to the children of the initial years and/or for the youth and adult of the first levels of the modality of EJA; and that made possible the researcher's access. Front to the particularities of our study object and considering the criteria of choice of the locus, four public schools and three private schools were selected. Like this being, in those schools, we would look for the subject of our work that they would owe: 1) to be working, in 2004, with children's literacy, youths or adults: they as teacher (the), it as coordinator (the) that guides teachers alphabetizer, in public schools or peculiar of the city of the Natal-RN; 2) to be exit (the) of the degree course in Pedagogy, supplied by institutions of superior level (public or matters) of the city of the Natal-RN; 3) to have concluded your course of Pedagogy in the period of 1990-2004; 4) to have, at least, 01(one) year of experience in literacy rooms (TARDIF, 2002). The subjects interviewees concluded your courses of Pedagogy, in the period from 1990 to 2004, in institutions different from the city of Natal/RN, being five to the whole: two public IES and three deprived IES. Of the analysis of the data, the theme emerged, ' teacher's Alphabetizer Educational Formation in Courses of Pedagogy', with the following categories: contributions of the courses of Pedagogy; More important disciplines in the educational formation; Areas / Aspects lacunars of the courses of Pedagogy. The pedagogic practice of the teacher alphabetizer demands a formation from him found in you know educational, requested in the children's literacy, youths and adults. In that work, we defended the thesis that the course of Pedagogy is the locus, par excellence, for that formation, in spite of possible structural limitations and curricular of the referred course. In spite of the countless contributions of the pedagogy course for the formation of the teacher alphabetizer, our data appear for the need of a revision of the proposals curricular of that course, getting the attention for the importance of a proposal formation curricular more gone back to the literacy process / literate and for the social inclusion. We thought that, although insufficient, the teacher's formation in that perspective is a fundamental condition for a practice pedagogic alphabetizer to be promoted, in fact, inclusive and promoter of the school success
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This thesis is a result of a research on Natal/RN as a tourist destination. We understand that cities are chosen as tourist destinations beyond its cartographic localization, from other dimensions of meanings that, in its set, constitute images. These images are, probably, very different of the images constructed by native and resident populations, who possess relations of identity with the place. The knowledge of the meanings that others attribute to this city as tourist destination, bring us near to the symbolic bonds established by individuals or social groups on the act of their choices, as well as bring us near to the interaction process city-tourists where the expectations are confirmed or not. The images divulgated by the media also participate of the complex formation of the tourist image that is being constructed and available for the different public, in different social contexts. The tourism constitutes a symbolic asset of the modern society, being considered by the studious, as one of the most expressive phenomena of the modernity, for involving each year displacement and the interaction of thousand of people of different cultures in the entire world. All this people s mobilization points to practical social related to personal motivations, to the entailed desired to the idea to travel and to exceed borders. It is already consensus that tourism is a phenomenon of economic growth, generating jobs, income, professional, qualification, bringing improvements for the host cities. Since 1995, in Brazil, the tourism as a sector of the economy, passed to be considered one of the national priorities, and in this perspective, the national politics of the tourism invested in infrastructure of Brazilian cities with high tourist potential, objecting to increase the flows of Brazilian and foreign tourists. Owing to this fact, the country still invests in programs of tourist marketing, mainly divulging the images of the natural beauties of Brazil abroad. And for Brazilians, the campaigns appeal to rescue the feeling to be Brazilian, associating the idea to travel and know its country. Natal city possesses an excellent positioning in the tourist marketing, being predominantly divulgated in national and international level, for its naturalistic singularity, where the images of its natural enchantments as warm water beaches, white dunes, warm weather, constant breeze and an always blue sky are shown as the favorite scene on this city. From what was viewed above that the choice of a tourist destination articulates from a determined imaginary of a place, already constructed or in process of construction, we consider the knowledge of this imaginary a basic learning for the population of the city and especially, for educators, in the formation of professionals in this area and for tourism managers, elaborators of public politics. Based on this estimative, we developed this research that had as a general objective to identify the images that illustrate Natal city as a tourist destination - our objective of study, particularly the meanings and senses attributed by the tourist marketing (hotel s folders) and by the tourists that visited the city during this study. The discussions and reflections that had guided this research had been given from the theoretical link between imaginary and social representation, also considering some interfaces between the fields of communication and symbol. From the studied authors, Baczko (1985) clarifies that the study of social imaginary is directed for the mechanisms and structures of the social life, especially for the intervention accomplishes and efficient of the representations and symbols in the practical collectives, as well as in its direction and orientation . Following this same thought, Moscovici (1978) says that the social representation are produced in communicational and symbolic contexts, and these representations once that already constituted circulate socially as almost tangible entities. Based on this fundament and on the analyze of Barthes (1990), particularly in the approach given to the reading of photographic image, we could observe on hotel s folders that each page evidences senses and meanings of functionality of internal and external spaces, pointing to the way of leisure offered by the keepers of city which is the hotels. About, the leisure that they offer, it is directed to young public, giving meaning to the young myth of personalized leisure tourism on children, young and adults images. The image about security that hotels offer and the singular image of Natal city as a paradise place, provide an idealization of pleasure through the sun, dunes, and beaches and also due to the hospitability of the natives who are assigned as educated . For the tourist that participated on this research, Natal city is tied only by the imaginary of leisure and nature which constitute the emotional link of the relation media-city-tourist. And with such force and fullness of directions the city discloses without tensions and contradictions as a place protected by a mythical and sacred aura. The study also demonstrates us that the potiguar culture remains (almost) forgotten, due to the silenced in this imaginary. In this perspective, we highlight that this culture silence is very close related to the disvalue of education in its general meaning. We defend that the imaginary apprehended constitutes a new reading and a new looking and understanding the tourist reality that comes historically consolidating in this city. In this direction, we glimpse that this study and its future dismemberments can collaborate with the process of rescue the cultural values of the potiguar people, in the way that the meaning of tourist may be redefined, and the tourist image of the city can be also disclosed for its identities particularities of its culture
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Cet étude et thème de dissertation est devenue nécessaire a partir des inquiétudes d éducateur et des pratiques pédagogiques développées aux classes d éducation physique au tour nocturne à l École Municipale Prof. Veríssimo de Melo, dont les élèves sont des jeunes et adultes que habitent au quartier Felipe Camarão. Ces jeunes cohabitent avec le stigmate de la violence que est toujours présente dans cette communauté, située a la région ouest de Natal. On peut trouvé parmi les élèves y matriculés des trajectoires de vie interrompues par facteurs de risque comme criminalité, des adolescentes enceintes et drogues. Ces faits interférent directement avec les procès d intégration sociale et augmentent la violence, reproduisant les cycles de pauvreté et ainsi, limitant les possibilités d ascension sociale. Les résultats des procédées pédagogiques utilisées pendant les classes ont montré la nécessité d approfondir cet étude problématisant cette réalité et, incitant par les pratiques corporelles et discussion, la réflexion sur des thèmes comme facteurs de risque, temporalité, projets de vie et auto-connaissance. En profitant de l intérêt de ces jeunes pour la langage cinématographique comme une façon de mettre en ouvre ces réflexions et rapportant leur connaissance formel avec le savoir et expériences du groupe on a décidé de produire un film court de 15 minutes sur le quartier, idéalisé et produit collectivement. Pour ça, ont a réalisé 10 classes-ateliers avec les élèves qui ont été connus comme « le groupe du cinéma ». Les ateliers pédagogiques qui sont ici, au même temps, référence de recherche et procédée pédagogique, réaffirment la notion de résilience: la capacité de l individu de transformer un obstacle, une adversité ou même une tragédie personnel dans une situation positive ou comme un renfort de ce que nous avons de meilleur. Dans ce sens, cet étude peut aider les professeurs de toutes les matières, que travaillent a l école publique et que se trouvent dans ce contexte, considéré vulnérable, surtout le professeur d éducation physique. Ce travail peut aussi devenir une référence pour aborder des concepts et valeurs que nos aideront à renouveler cette vision de monde étroite et déterministe, responsable pour la reproduction des cycles de pauvreté et violence. Cet étude a été fondée sur des auteurs comme Edgar Morin, Bóris Cyrulnik et Conceição Almeida parmi d autres
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Este trabajo tiene su origen en nuestra historia profesional, en la que destacamos el rol mediador de coordinación pedagógica en la (re)construcción de nuestra actuación docente. En este contexto de vida profesional, nace la tesis que discute la problemática de la alfabetización y el rol de la escuela y de sus profesores, mediados por la acción de la coordinación pedagógica, en la construcción de una práctica alfabetizadora de jóvenes y adultos. Investigar qué saberes de la acción pedagógica son requeridos del coordinador pedagógico, en la mediación/ orientación de profesores alfabetizadores de jóvenes y adultos fue el objetivo de este trabajo. Para tejer la investigación fue escogido el abordaje caritativo de la encuesta; como metodología, el estudio de caso y como procedimiento el levantamiento de datos, la observación, el cuestionario, la entrevista y el análisis documental. Aprehendimos de la investigación que, en el desarrollo de su práctica, el coordinador pedagógico moviliza Saberes Específicos y Saberes Transversales de su acción pedagógica. En los saberes específicos, encontramos: Joven y Adulto como sujeto del conocimiento y del aprendizaje; Alfabetización del joven y del adulto: Psicogénesis de la lengua escrita; Ciclo de la acción didáctico-pedagógica. En los saberes transversales, fueron aprendidos: Respetar y se hacerse respetar por profesores y alumnos; Priorizar la dimensión pedagógica en el cotidiano escolar; Mediar la acción docente en las distintas etapas: planeamiento; ejecución y evaluación. La investigación ratifica que el trabajo pedagógico en la escuela debe ser construido en una relación entre profesores y coordinadores. Como resultados, evidenciamos, también, que los coordinadores pedagógicos se encuentran, todavía, sin una identidad profesional, inmersos en muchos quehaceres, sin darse cuenta de lo más importante: la mediación del trabajo docente. El coordinador pedagógico es un profesional que se va construyendo en las prácticas escolares y su identidad profesional aún no está definida como en el campo real de actuación. Basado en los estudios hechos, defendemos la tesis de que, la práctica del coordinador pedagógico en la escuela demanda saberes y quehaceres de acción pedagógica; estos adquieren especificidades en ejercicio de la mediación /orientación de la práctica pedagógica de profesores alfabetizadores de jóvenes y adultos. Aprehendemos como recomendación a los cursos de formación de coordinadores pedagógicos que estos deben proporcionar: Embasamiento teóricometodológico consistente sobre las Ciencias de la Educación; Prácticas Supervisadas de larga duración en la Coordinación Pedagógica de instituciones escolares y no escolares; Experiencia como profesor en sala de clase, de manera preferencial, en el nivel en que el que concluye el curso desea actuar. Fue destacada la importancia del lado humano en el ejercicio de la acción coordinadora, como forma de establecer y alimentar la comunicación con el profesor y, de este modo, coordinadores y profesores comparten la apasionante, pero difícil tarea de educar. Esperamos que el estudio, que destaca saberes necesarios para la práctica del coordinador pedagógico, pueda contribuir para ampliar la discusión del rol de este profesional en la escuela que deseamos pública, democrática y con calidad social.
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This project has resulted from a reunion between me and two teachers with whom I had already worked, pedagogically counseling them during the execution of the Project of Youngsters and Adults Schooling at the Agrarian Reform Settlements in the State of Sergipe (PAJA/PRONERA) between 2002 and 2003. The matter that really motivated the research was related to the essential principle that guided the accomplishment of the PAJA s teachers education and professionalization: understanding their reality and knowing their needs, promoting the dialogue between scientific and common sense knowledge. Taking as a reference the fact that the teachers education is not restricted to the academic qualification, that is, that it is a part of the educational process, which, in turn, is a result of each one s personal background, dialectically individual and collective, the access to the teachers reality and needs was accomplished by studying their backgrounds, especially their school and professional career. They, inevitably, focused themselves on the country life s social and cultural context, that could be better understood by living together with the teachers during the twenty-seven days I stayed in the Golfo s settlement, located in the town named Pacatuba/SE. The approach to the teachers lives through their stories and the daily contact proved how much Science is still distant from the peasants routine, sometimes being presented to them as a finished product . That way, the dialog between those two categories and the expectation of the country life s social and cultural conditions, together with the education, in which teachers have an essential role, still remain as a challenge
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This research studies the argumentative process developed by the Basis Educational Movement (MEB), using as corpus the booklet Viver é lutar , and other lesson plans of the Educational Rural Radio from Natal. It has as objectives reveal the argumentative strategies in the discursive production of MEB, exploring the meaning effects suggested by its production conditions, and the ideological positions defended, in addition to this, verify how the booklet and the radio classes dialogued in the argumentation of their theses. So, the study is guided by the Discourse Analysis presuppositions, by the Argumentation Theory, by the conceptions of Popular Education, as well as the conception language dialogical language conception, recurring to Bakhtin (1995). The research adopts the documental characteristic of qualitative nature with an interpretative basis. The analysis of the data permitted us to confirm that the pedagogical didactic material discourse of MEB was produced in a social-historical-ideological context in what the education was seen as a social liberation instrument, being able to transform the Brazilian people and the Brazilian unequal structure. The results reveal that the booklet and the classes assume a position remarkably in favor of the popular classes, structured by the argumentative techniques that intended to convince, and to persuade the auditorium. Thus, the argument was based initially on the convincing of youths and of adults for, afterwards, to construct a persuasion to the learners, in terms of referring to act on the reality to transform it, according to their desires of social justice
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Mudanças notáveis nos hábitos alimentares, acompanhadas de práticas fisioculturistas intensas, são a tônica dos dias atuais, com registros de carências nutricionais e de obesidade bastante preocupantes, do ponto de vista da saúde pública, entre crianças, jovens e adultos. Mas o que conhecem as crianças e os adolescentes sobre o processo de digestão-nutrição, os conceitos básicos envolvidos e as condutas alimentares adequadas à boa saúde humana? Como é desenvolvido esse tema nas escolas públicas e particulares de ensino? Tais questionamentos desencadearam um estudo sobre a natureza das práticas desenvolvidas por professores de ciências e biologia e o conhecimento apresentado por alunos de escolas públicas e particulares. Os resultados revelaram inadequação no tratamento metodológico de ensino do processo de digestão e conceitos envolvidos nesse tema, que levam os alunos ao desinteresse e a manterem praticamente inalterados os conhecimentos ordinários que possuem. O processo de digestão e nutrição, bem como suas implicações para a saúde, configuraram-se como fenômenos desvinculados do aluno, à semelhança do que observamos nos livros didáticos por eles utilizados. A dinâmica das inter-relações alimentares entre seres vivos são superficialmente consideradas em ecologia e passam ao largo das adaptações comportamentais, morfológicas e fisiológicas envolvidas. Considerando esses resultados, propõe-se conteúdo baseado em abordagem ecológica, voltado para determinadas atividades experimentais, jogos e interações coevolutivas de seres vivos - aspectos biológicos e sociais, para o despertar de posturas reflexivas e críticas diante das transformações sociais em curso e de nossas necessidades biológicas no que se refere à alimentação e saúde.
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O objetivo do presente estudo foi comparar a produção de IFN-γ, IL-12 e IL-4 entre camundongos jovens (5, 12 e 19 dias de idade) e adultos (30 dias de idade). As avaliações foram feitas por estimulação, in vitro, de células esplênicas com Concanavalina A (ConA) , Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) e lipopolissacarídeo (LPS). Diferentes concentrações de cada estímulo foram testadas e os sobrenadantes das culturas foram coletados após 48 horas de incubação e as concentrações de IFN-γ, IL-12 e IL-4 determinadas por ELISA. Células de camundongos jovens e adultos produziram níveis igualmente elevados de IFN-γ após estímulo com ConA. Somente animais adultos produziram IFN-γ em resposta ao estímulo com S. aureus. Em culturas estimuladas com LPS, a produção desta citocina foi baixa e similar nos animais jovens e significativamente elevada nos animais adultos. Somente células de animais adultos estimuladas com S. aureus foram capazes de produzir IL-12. O único estímulo capaz de induzir níveis detectáveis de IL-4 foi ConA, sendo que estes níveis foram mais elevados nos animais com 12 e 19 dias de idade em comparação com animais neonatos e adultos. A diminuição das doses ótimas dos estímulos não mudou o perfil de produção de cada citocina nos animais jovens. Estes resultados permitem concluir que a idade afeta a produção de citocinas: ocorre maior produção de IL-4 em camundongos jovens e maior produção de IL-12 e IFN-γ em animais adultos. Estas informações são importantes devido ao papel destas citocinas na polarização das respostas imunes nos sentidos Th1 e Th2. Palavras-chave: camundongo; citocina; interferon-gama; interleucina-4; interleucina-12.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Pós-graduação em Educação Matemática - IGCE
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Pós-graduação em Ciências da Motricidade - IBRC