953 resultados para Very-Low Mass
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Within general characteristics of low-energy few-body systems, we revise some well-known correlations found in nuclear physics, and the properties of low-mass halo nuclei in a three-body neutron-neutron-core model. In this context, near the critical conditions for the occurrence of an Efimov state, we report some results obtained for the neutron- 19C elastic scattering. © 2010 American Institute of Physics.
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A numerical study of mass conservation of MAC-type methods is presented, for viscoelastic free-surface flows. We use an implicit formulation which allows for greater time steps, and therefore time marching schemes for advecting the free surface marker particles have to be accurate in order to preserve the good mass conservation properties of this methodology. We then present an improvement by using a Runge-Kutta scheme coupled with a local linear extrapolation on the free surface. A thorough study of the viscoelastic impacting drop problem, for both Oldroyd-B and XPP fluid models, is presented, investigating the influence of timestep, grid spacing and other model parameters to the overall mass conservation of the method. Furthermore, an unsteady fountain flow is also simulated to illustrate the low mass conservation error obtained.
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Twenty-five specimens of the freshwater red alga Compsopogon were collected from locations in North America, South America, Europe, Asia, Australasia and Oceania, and from an aquarium, with the goal of determining genetic diversity among specimens and ascertaining the number of phylogenetic species. Specimens were morphologically identified as having either the 'caeruleus' morphology, with regular polyhedral cortical cells, or the 'leptoclados' morphology, with irregular cortical cells with rhizoidal outgrowths. The 'leptoclados' morphology has been used by some researchers to distinguish the genus Compsopogonopsis from Compsopogon, or at least to distinguish C. leptoclados from other Compsopogon species. Sequence data for the rbcL gene and cox1 barcoding region were obtained for most specimens. In addition, SSU and partial LSU (barcode) rDNA were explored for a few specimens, but all sequences were identical. For the 25 newly generated and eight previously published rbcL gene data, there were seven unique haplotypes, but the sequence divergence was very low (≤7 bp, ≤ 0.7%). One haplotype was widespread, represented by 21 specimens from diverse locations in all regions sampled. Likewise, the 22 new and one previously published cox1 barcode region sequences yielded seven unique haplotypes with little sequence divergence (≤13 bp, ≤ 2.0%). One haplotype was widespread, being shared among 16 specimens from all regions. The combined molecular and morphological data showed no genetic differentiation between the 'caeruleus' and 'leptoclados' morphologies. The ubiquitous distribution of Compsopogon in tropical/subtropical regions and its low genetic variation are probably facilitated by the alga's ability to tolerate a wide range of stream conditions and its propagation via asexual spores. Given the findings of previous culture-based studies, morphometric research and field observations, coupled with the results of our study, we conclude there is only a single monospecific genus worldwide and that the species is correctly called C. caeruleus, since this is the oldest validly published name; all other previously described species of Compsopogon and Compsopogonopsis are synonyms. © 2013 British Phycological Society.
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The structure and the kinetics of formation of APTS/GPTS-derived organic/inorganic hybrids were studied in situ by small-angle-X-ray scattering. The data were interpreted in terms of a process of primary particles formation and growth of mass-fractal clusters. At the very early stage, the population of the nonfractal primary particles (D = 3) increases with time. As the mass-fractal clusters appear (D < 3) as a result of the aggregation process, the radius of gyration, Rg, of the clusters increases on average. At advanced stages of aggregation, the clusters grow in a mechanism in which the number of particles per clusters increases while the number of clusters diminishes with time, in such a way that the correlation volume of the clusters, Vc, fulfills the relationship Vc â̂ R g D, in agreement with a mass-fractal character of the clusters. These results supporting a cluster-cluster aggregation process, together with the typically very low value found for the mass-fractal dimension D, are in favor of a diffusion-controlled cluster aggregation mechanism. © 2013 American Chemical Society.
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Biologia Vegetal) - IBRC
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Derris urucu, pertencente à família Leguminosae/Fabaceae, é conhecida popularmente como “timbó”. As raízes desta espécie são utilizadas comumente como pesticidas e veneno para peixe. Do gênero Derris foram relatados muitos estudos fitoquímicos, sendo as raízes a parte mais estudada das plantas desse gênero. A denominação “timbó” é mais generalizada para as espécies Derris urucu e Derris nicou que são as espécies que produzem, nas raízes, substâncias da classe dos rotenóides como a rotenona e a deguelina, de onde deriva a importância dessas plantas. Os extratos, bem como, as substâncias isoladas deste gênero são responsáveis por um vasto conjunto de atividades biológicas, principalmente a atividade inseticida. Do extrato etanólico das folhas de D. urucu, doze substâncias foram isoladas e purificadas por Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Eficiência: cinco estilbenos, seis diidroflavonóis e uma flavanona. A identificação estrutural foi feita com base na análise espectrométrica de massas, de RMN 1H e 13C e técnicas de RMN bidimensionais, além de comparação com dados encontrados na literatura. O extrato etanólico das folhas de D. urucu foi submetido a bioensaios para avaliação do seu potencial alelopático, tendo exibido relevantes percentuais de inibição da germinação de sementes e do desenvolvimento de plantas invasoras de pastagens. Com o objetivo de detectar as substâncias responsáveis pela atividade alelopática, três estilbenos e três diidroflavonóis foram selecionados e submetidos a bioensaios de inibição de germinação e de desenvolvimento da radícula e do hipocótilo de plantas daninhas. Os ensaios alelopáticos foram realizados com as substâncias isoladas e com a combinação delas, visando também avaliar o sinergismo entre elas, no entanto, as inibições observadas foram de magnitudes muito baixas. Por outro lado, quando as substâncias foram testadas em misturas observou-se um aumento significativo dos percentuais de inibição, por isso essas substâncias em misturas, podem ser consideradas promissoras para futuros estudos, envolvendo atividade alelopática. Foram realizados, também, bioensaios de atividade antioxidante com oito substâncias, sendo três estilbenos e cinco diidroflavonóis frente ao radical DPPH. Neste bioensaio, não foi observada uma atividade antioxidante relevante, justificada pela presença de poucas hidroxilas fenólicas nas estruturas das substâncias testadas.
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Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Ciência do Solo) - FCAV
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
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Indicine cattle have lower reproductive performance in comparison to taurine. A chromosomal anomaly characterized by the presence Y markers in females was reported and associated with infertility in cattle. The aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence of the anomaly in Brahman cows. Brahman cows (n = 929) were genotyped for a Y chromosome specific region using real time-PCR. Only six out of 929 cows had the anomaly (0.6%). The anomaly frequency was much lower in Brahman cows than in the crossbred population, in which it was first detected. It also seems that the anomaly doesn't affect pregnancy in the population. Due to the low frequency, association analyses couldn't be executed. Further, SNP signal of the pseudoautosomal boundary region of the Y chromosome was investigated using HD SNP chip. Pooled DNA of non-pregnant and pregnant cows were compared and no difference in SNP allele frequency was observed. Results suggest that the anomaly had a very low frequency in this Australian Brahman population and had no effect on reproduction. Further studies comparing pregnant cows and cows that failed to conceive should be executed after better assembly and annotation of the Y chromosome in cattle.