665 resultados para VIOLÊNCIAS POR PARCEIROS ÍNTIMOS
Resumo:
A soma de variáveis aleatórias com número de parcelas é aleatório, para além do evidente interesse conceptual e teórico, tem larga ressonância na investigação do processo de risco e em processos de ramificação. Reformulamos a teoria de Panjer (1981), que permite o cálculo iterativo do risco agregado, com o recurso a valores médios de uniformes, descrevendo uma extensão da classe de Panjer, e estudando em detalhe a equação funcional que a caracteriza. Aplicamos essas ideias na caracterização de aleatoriedade discreta, exemplificando com o comportamento das fêmeas de pássaros que investem na promiscuidade de parceiros para garantir a diversidade genética da progénie, tendo no entanto o cuidado de manter as aparências de fidelidade, para garantir a cooperação do parceiro no sucesso da ninhada. Apresentamos as transformadas de Laplace e funções geradoras numa perspectiva que leva a uma introdção natural de transformadas de Pareto, cuja relevância exemplificamos.
Resumo:
O objectivo deste estudo é identificar os principais indicadores de qualidade do serviço do desporto escolar, ao nível da organização interna das Escolas do 2º e 3º Ciclos do Ensino Básico e do Ensino Secundário da Região Autónoma da Madeira. Teve em consideração os cargos desempenhados pelos professores de educação física no desporto escolar, de acordo com as escolas/zonas geográficas em que leccionam. A amostra é constituída por 255 professores, o que corresponde a 98% do universo. Procedimentos estatísticos: análise descritiva, utilizadas a frequência e a percentagem para a caracterização da amostra; análise dos dados: valores médios, desvio-padrão e os valores mínimos e máximo; utilização do teste do Qui-Quadrado, nas questões das escalas de likert (1 a 5), para estudar as diferenças entre duas variáveis (nominal e ordinal). Da análise dos resultados obtidos foi-nos permitido retirar algumas características do perfil dos professores de educação física que desempenham funções no desporto escolar; existe variabilidade no número de horas atribuídas aos professores nas diferentes escolas para o exercício de cada um dos cargos e respectiva acumulação; o desporto escolar está integrado no Projecto Educativo de Escola (46%); no entanto, uma percentagem elevada (35,7%) considera que não está integrado, e 17,5% dos inquiridos não têm opinião ou conhecimento sobre este assunto; em 75,8% das escolas, o Coordenador do Desporto Escolar não tem assento no Conselho Pedagógico; em relação aos indicadores que avaliam a organização das actividades ao nível interno, os dados indicam que as escolas pertencentes à zona Este apresentam mais insatisfação comparativamente às escolas da zona do Funchal e da zona Oeste, no que diz respeito à colaboração dos professores de educação física, ao apoio da escola na promoção das actividades, e ao apoio dos funcionários na organização e dinamização das actividades; existe uma percepção positiva por parte dos professores da contribuição do desporto escolar para o desenvolvimento dos alunos. No entanto, cerca de metade dos professores (46,9%) preferiu não emitir opinião em relação à escola ser ou não dinâmica na conquista de parceiros externos para o desporto escolar. A prioridade parece passar, em primeiro lugar, pelo apoio das câmaras municipais e pela relação de cooperação com os clubes desportivos do sector federado; a maioria dos professores encontra-se satisfeita com o desporto escolar.
Resumo:
Este estudo ambiciona compreender a relação família – escola, nomeadamente o envolvimento parental no secundário. Compreender esta relação implica recorrer a toda a complexidade do sistema educativo, compreender simultaneamente a relação escola – sociedade e repensar a própria definição de escola, o que passa por entender todos os envolvidos. Joyce Epstein (1995, 2001) propôs um conceito de envolvimento parental que engloba diferentes componentes que facilitam a compreensão desta temática. Este modelo objetiva envolver os pais, encarregados de educação, ou outros parceiros familiares no contexto escolar e familiar. A inexistência de estudos realizados nesta área relativamente ao ensino secundário tem vindo a declarar-se uma lacuna, uma vez que também nos anos de escolaridade mais avançados é crucial uma colaboração efetiva entre pais e professores, onde estes são os principais responsáveis pela motivação e orientação de um maior envolvimento parental, daí a pertinência desta investigação cujos objetivos centram-se na compreensão do envolvimento parental ao nível do ensino secundário, nomeadamente no que respeita às perceções dos diretores de turma e dos encarregados de educação, junto de uma amostra de 125 sujeitos de duas escolas públicas do ensino secundário da RAM. Este tipo de investigação quantitativa recorre a uma adaptação do Questionário de Envolvimento Parental na Escola desenvolvido por Ana Isabel Pereira(2002) de forma a ser utilizado em níveis de escolaridade superiores. Os resultados obtidos evidenciam que os pais possuem uma perceção de maior envolvimento quando comparado às perceções dos diretores de turma. Também características pessoais dos envolvidos (experiência profissional dos docentes, habilitações académicas dos pais) e o ano de escolaridade parecem influenciar as perceções sobre o envolvimento parental.
Resumo:
As actuais noções e práticas da intervenção precoce enquadram-se numa abordagem ecossistémica e transaccional do desenvolvimento. De acordo com este modelo, a criança é parte de uma rede complexa de interrelações onde o desenvolvimento se processa (Almeida, 2000). Constata-se que o enfoque das práticas de intervenção precoce deixou, progressivamente, de estar exclusivamente centrado na criança para se passar a enfatizar o papel da família e da comunidade no seu desenvolvimento. Deste modo, as evidências actuais apontam que para que a intervenção possa ser eficaz, tem de ser consistente com a ecologia dos sistemas a que a criança e a família pertencem (Almeida, 1997). Neste sentido, o objectivo principal desta investigação foi fazer um levantamento das percepções dos educadores de infância sobre o serviço de intervenção precoce e compreender o impacto da intervenção precoce nas suas práticas educativas. A amostra desta investigação foi constituída por 53 educadores de infância a exercer as suas funções em estabelecimentos públicos de educação (creches e infantários) do Concelho do Funchal, que colaboram com o serviço de intervenção precoce. Para a consecução desta investigação foi construído um questionário que contempla a caracterização sócio-demográfica dos sujeitos, questões relacionadas com a formação em intervenção precoce, com o conhecimento e articulação com o serviço, e com a importância da intervenção precoce. Os principais resultados mostram que a maioria dos educadores têm conhecimento do serviço de intervenção precoce e sabem como entrar em contacto com a equipa; que ao nível da articulação com outros parceiros, mostram uma forte consciência da importância da articulação com outros profissionais e outros parceiros do contexto educativo; que é ao nível do trabalho individual com a criança que estes consideram que a intervenção precoce pode oferecer mais apoio e que a maioria dos educadores possuem formação em intervenção precoce, quer inicial, quer contínua.
Resumo:
O porto do Funchal é uma realidade recente. Historicamente podemos considerar que existe porto desde o final do Século XIX, muito embora já com D. José I tivesse havido uma Determinação real para proceder à construção de uma infra-estrutura portuária, o que só parcialmente foi cumprido, num processo apenas terminado em 2011. Até aí e desde a colonização, o desembarque de pessoas e bens era feito no calhau, ao ritmo e sabor das levadias e dos estados do mar e da força humana, numa tradição que ficou expressa em inúmeras obras e registos de viagem e igualmente no Pilar de Banger, mandado construir por um britânico, como base de guindaste para descargas. No século XX, o porto do Funchal, ao mesmo tempo que era local de comércio e descarga de mercadorias, assim como de passageiros, foi progressivamente assistindo ao surgir de um novo conceito em matéria de turismo, não já apenas e só como mero transporte, mas tendo como objectivo o cruzeiro. Esta Dissertação pretende estudar, quantificar e se possível teorizar, ainda que de forma sucinta, a importância que esse novo tipo de lazer, a partir de agora, por nós designado de cruzeiro, teve, tem e esperamos venha a ter, na nossa economia regional e no bemestar e progresso económico dos múltiplos intervenientes nesta actividade. Para nos apoiar neste desiderato, para além da teoria, construímos um inquérito, que foi apresentado ao turista de cruzeiro, durante a sua escala e a fruição desta, por si mesmo, em passeios a pé pela cidade do Funchal ou guiado por um guia, conhecendo o potencial do nosso porto. Este inquérito foi feito em colaboração com a APRAM, o SNATTI e a EUROMAR, assim como com outros intervenientes nesta cadeia de valor, tendo nós, conceptores e aplicadores do mesmo, procurado seguir uma linha de orientação que nos permitisse a comparação dos resultados, com inquéritos desenvolvidos anteriormente. O nosso objectivo essencial é não apenas o de prosseguir num percurso de valorização pessoal e académica mas também procurar dotar com dados quantificáveis, todos os parceiros deste negócio da nossa região e contribuir de uma forma activa e responsável na definição e planeamento do nosso melhor recurso económico, o Turismo. Esta Dissertação é, por agora, um objectivo em si, mas não se esgota como tal e a nossa missão não termina hic et nunc, uma vez que trabalhamos por mero prazer intelectual, sentimos que somos apoiados institucional e pessoalmente e temos a certeza de que o que estamos a desenvolver, poderá ser útil para a nossa economia e para a nossa Região.
Resumo:
Em um momento histórico de violações e ameaças aos direitos fundamentais de crianças e adolescentes, é preciso somar esforços na luta pela transformação das políticas voltadas para esses sujeitos. A ideologia que fundamenta a criminalização de adolescentes pobres e da periferia é a mesma que impõe a redução da idade penal e que autoriza e legitima as violências institucionais cometidas no sistema socioeducativo. “Justiça juvenil: teoria e prática no sistema socioeducativo” vem apresentar fundamentos teóricos e experiências práticas com vistas à desconstrução desses processos ideológicos e à defesa intransigente da proteção integral
Resumo:
The current study analyzes the birth and development of two strategic alliances established between shrimp producers in Rio Grande do Norte: the Unipesca and the Coopercam. To achieve this aim, two approaches which, at first sight, could be considered contradictory were used: the Transactional Costs Economy and Embeddedness. The first approach is fundamentally based in the studies of Williamson (1985; 1991; 1996; 1999; 2000; 2002). Embededness, on the other hand, went through the review of a series of authors, such as Burt (1992), Granovetter (1973; 1985), Uzzi (1997), Gulati (1994; 1995; 1997; 1998; 1999; 2000), Nielsen (2005), Ring (2002), Ring and Van de Ven (1994), Zafirovski (2002), among others. To analyze the birth and development of the cooperatives in this study, Gulati s work (1998) was used. This study shows the steps to be studied for a better comprehension of an alliance: the decision of starting an alliance and the choice of the partners, the decision about the governance structure, the evolution of the alliance and the development of the companies which established this partnership. To carry this study out, a study case accordingly to Yin s proposal (2001) was adopted. Semi-structured interviews with pre-defined plots were conducted in two phases: in the beginning of 2006 and in the beginning of 2007. The subjects from the research were, in 2006, representative members of the main associations and corporations, besides the shrimp producers from the state, when the context of the activity was set. In the second phase, in 2007, representative members from the two cooperatives that were listed above were interviewed the president from Coopercam and the marketing manager from Unipesca. Besides these two members, directors from two important organizations in each of these cooperatives were also interviewed, giving out the necessary information for the research. Secondary data was also collected from the Brazilian Association of Crab producers website, as well as from news from important newspapers in RN, such as Tribuna do Norte. The primary data was analyzed in terms of quality, accordingly to the documental analysis technique. Thus, through the data that was collected, it can be concluded that the reasons that motivated the companies to cooperate can be explained in terms of the transactional costs economy. However, the choice of partners is more connected to aspects approached by the social embededness. When aspects related to development and evolution were analyzed, it could be seen that both aspects from TCE and Embededness were vital to explain the development of the cooperatives mentioned
Resumo:
This study investigated how the types of confidence based on competence and good will act in the formation and maintenance of cooperation relationships between the Camanor and its partners (Aquatec, Purina, Caçuá, Uvifrios and Malta / Cleyton). It used organizational approaches on networks based primarily on studies of Powell (1987, 1990), Das and Teng (2000, 2001), Child (2001) and Contractor and Lorange (2004) which have described the advantages that cooperative relationships can provide, as well as their limits as alternative governance structures. Confidence has been considered an important factor affecting the actions and development of organizations involved in networks or in strategic alliances (ZAHEER; HARRIS, 2006) and is the most appropriate control mechanism in these situations (SYDOW, 1998). Confidence is seen from two different approaches: the economic and the sociological (ZAHEER; HARRIS, 2006). To facilitate the understanding of confidence some typologies have been created, as proposed by Barney and Hansen (1994), Lane (1998), Das and Teng (2000), Child (2001) and Wever, Martens and Vandenbempt (2005). This study made use of the case study as proposition of Yin (2005). Semi-structured interviews were held with pre-determined routes, in a single stage performed in early 2008. The research subjects were owners and / or responsible for Camanor and its business partners (Aquatec, Purina, Caçuá, Uvifrios and Malta / Cleyton). Also secondary data were collected in several sites related to the industry and enterprises studied, in addition to data collected by previous studies conducted by CARCINEREDES (2006). The primary data were analyzed using the analysing technique of the content proposed by Bardin (1994). Regarding the secondary data, they were qualitatively analyzed according to documentary analysis technique (BARDIN, 1994). Thus, through the data collected, could be concluded that although there is confidence based on good faith in relationships(UZZI, 1998; OF; TENG, 2001), their presence does not determine the formation and / or maintenance of a partnership, serves only in order to facilitate the relationship, making them more flexible. The confidence based on competence (DAS; TENG, 2001) influenced the formation and maintenance of relations studied. Because whether or not to form a relationship with another organization it is used the perception of the partner acts, namely the reputation (image) as decision basis. And it is through the verification of the performance of the partner activities that will determine the continuation of the partnership
Resumo:
Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) are among the largest public health problems, especially in developing countries. The acquisition of these infections during early sexual activity is common and many infections have a benign course. However, in some pathogens remain in the state of latency can be reactivated and cause productive infection that may progress to severe forms. In addition, some of them are transmitted vertically resulting in congenital infection, causing immediate damage or long-term child. The classic risk factors for sexually transmitted agents are: early onset of sexual and reproductive health, multiple sexual partners throughout life, use of oral contraceptives and co-infections with different pathogens. We present the results of a cross-sectional study aimed to estimate the prevalence of genital infection by human papillomavirus (HPV), Herpes simplex virus (HSV) and Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) in a segment of the female population of the metropolitan area Christmas, among those who enrolled voluntarily sought, Basic Health Units for the examination of cancer screening cervix in the period 2008 to 2010. All participants, a total of 261 women answered a standard questionnaire by which identified the socio-demographic characteristics, classical risk factors for STDs, reproductive and sexual activity and smoking. Of each patient were obtained two samples, one for the completion of the Pap test for detection of cellular changes and the other processed for DNA extraction and analyzed by PCR (polymerase chain reaction) to detect the three pathogens studied. The population of the study was composed of sexually active women aged between 13 and 79 years, mean 38.7 years, most of them being married, low education levels and low incomes. The majority (87%) had normal results on cytology and only 2.7% had low-grade cytological abnormalities. Prevalence rates were 37.9% for HPV, 4.6% for CT and 26% for HSV. HPV prevalence was higher in women under 25, unmarried and in those who had multiple sexual partners. Women with simultaneous infection by HSV-1 and 2 had higher prevalence of HPV infection. The prevalence of HSV infection showed no association whatsoever with the risk factors analyzed and HSV-1 was the predominant type among the cases of genital HSV infection. The overall prevalence of C. Trachomatis was relatively low, thus providing greater value in younger women aged less than or equal to 20 years
Resumo:
Genital infection with Chlamydia trachomatis is now recognized as one of the most prevalent sexually transmitted infections (STDs). Despite major advances in laboratory diagnosis techniques, primarily the character of asymptomatic chlamydial infection in both men and in women constitutes the basis for the formation of reservoirs that perpetuate transmission and acquisition of this and other STDs. The asymptomatic in women favors the rise of infection to the upper genital tract, causing injuries that can result in infertility. An examination of population screening for early detection and treatment of asymptomatic infections is the key step in combating this major public health problem. The present study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of infection by C. trachomatis in sexually active women attended the screening program for cervical cancer of the uterus in health facilities in municipalities in different regions of the State of Rio Grande do Norte, and identify factors that may contribute to the spread of this pathogen and its relationship with the lesions of the uterine cervix. It is a cross-sectional study aimed at detecting the presence of genital tract infection by C. trachomatis either in isolated form or in association with human papilloma virus (HPV) infection in asymptomatic women. Were included in this study, a total sample of 1,134 women aged 13-76, mean 34.4 years, from March 2008 to September 2012. Specimens containing exfoliated cells of the epithelium of the uterine cervix were analyzed by examining Pap cytology for the detection of possible injuries, and the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for detection of plasmid DNA from C. trachomatis and HPV. Infection with C. trachomatis was detected with overall prevalence rate of 8.1% in the isolated form and 2.8% in co-infection with HPV. The infection was detected in 7.4% of women with normal cytology 11.5% of those with atypical cells of undetermined significance (ASC-US) and 16.7% of those with low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL). We observed an association between C. trachomatis and incidence of low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL). The genital tract infection by C. trachomatis alone was associated with education level, ethnicity and parity, revealing that women with higher education, those of non-white ethnicity and those who had three or more pregnancies were more likely to acquire infection. Levels very close to statistical significance were observed for chronological age, age at first sexual intercourse and first pregnancy. There was no association with marital status, number of sexual partners. Co-infection with C. trachomatis and HPV was detected in 2.3% of women with normal cytology, who had 5.1% in ASC-US and 10.4% in those with LSIL. No association was found between infection C. trachomatis and increased risk of HPV infection, but women with simultaneous infection by both pathogens showed greater risk for LSIL. Co-infection was more prevalent among single women, who had in the first sexual intercourse under 18 years and those who had two or more sexual partners over a lifetime
Resumo:
The aim of this study was to follow the daily routine of elderly individuals residing at the Vila Vicentina Júlia Freire (VVJF) nursing home in João Pessoa, Brazil, observing and analyzing as much as possible, the way in which they live in a group and how they deal, through personal experiences, with their own body image and with that of others. The results were obtained from information considered relevant, according to the perspectives of the residents themselves, contained in narratives of their history and related to their quality of life. Our interest lays in how they coped with changes in their bodies at old age and adapted to the challenges of this new phase. To obtain this information, with significant expressions, we used the Narrative Interview (NI) as a research tool in order to redeem their life experience and develop an understanding of their impressions about the life experience at the current nursing home. We selected, among the housed, ten subjects - actors - to appear as a sample of the group together. The design of our sample had a hybrid model, combining two types: random sample (probability) and an intentional sample (not probability). After recording transcripts and ensuring that all the subjects showed common interests that were relevant to the group, we chose three categories for analysis as follows: a. the elderly as seen by themselves and by others; b. religiosity as a moral factor; c. intimacy and relationships. Our choice was based on the importance of the theme as a multidisciplinary topic in the quality of life of populations. The subjects, chosen as spokespersons for the VVJF, spoke, among other things, about the way in which they viewed the world, their own body and how they experienced the environment and their fellow residents, in an attitude of reflection and criticism that confirms the lucidity of an old age conditioned to an elderly institution. The method allowed us to investigate our subjects from a multidisciplinary point of view. We suggest other studies in assorted areas of the human sciences, having as principle, man at the center of all our scientific questionings. The paradigm that the elder is, necessarily, unhappy in his sheltered has been, in this job, broken through the testimonies collected, establishing multiple perspectives of the analyzed subjects by their respective narrative records. Involving the participation of researchers with major in Administration, Communication and Law, this study filled, in this aspect, the requirements of the multidisciplinarity of the Program of Pos-Graduation in Health Science
Resumo:
Rio Grande do Norte is among the Brazilian States where the tourism and sexual violence increasingly grow in the country, occupying 4th place in 2004. Associated to this fact, it comes the problematic one of the contamination of the women by Sexually Transmitted Disease (STD). Studies in Brazil have presented a considerable increase of the STDs, caused through lack of suitable protection in the sexual relationships. Due to the biological and psychosocial vulnerability, besides failures or inconsistencies in the condom use associated to the raised taxes of sexual activity with different partners, the STDs constitute the main risk of health. Many difficulties are found by the confrontation of this problem. In this context, this project had as aim to evaluate the vulnerability of this population of sexually active women in Natal-RN Ponta Negra neighbourhood to the infections by STDs, such as, Candida sp., Vaginoses Bacterial, Trichomonas Vaginalis and Chlamydia sp., arisen with the explosion of the sex market, showing a current statistical panorama. It was possible to detect vulnerable points in prevention through patient anamnesis, where the study it showed: high number of partners (8,3% with more than five), low age of first relationship and not the use of condoms (31,8% sometimes use and 45,8% had not used in the first relationship). Already consolidated by the preventive cytopathologic examination, these data were strengthened by high incidence of causing agents of STDs (58,6%). In this way, it is clear that the sexuality must to be thought on the context of the deep economic and socio-cultural transformations in which pass societies, and mainly the ones concerning to the sexuality exercise and to the sex market. With the profile change of the infections, new demands are placed in relation to the risk factors. Therefore, it can be concluded that the prevention vulnerable points detected as more important had been the deficiency in self-perception and wareness of the risk existence among the studied women
Resumo:
The present work shows trajectories of life of seated women agricultural, with the objective to apprehend on aspects to the experience of its sexuality. The daily one of the seated woman is constructed in a new space, called agricultural nesting whose formation if presents with proper singularity to a social and economic context and politician of the Great River of the North. Its passages of life are permeaty by different violences suffered in its daily one and its sexuality is weaveeed by a set of rules that the naturalization of the subordination of the woman in relation to the man keeps. The societies use the systems of the relations between men and women and transform the biological characteristic into activities human beings
Resumo:
In the current systemic crisis, economic policy is directed to correct the consequences of the functioning of this metabolism, but within the limits of the capital. From this perspective, decision makers propose trade policies, agricultural and industrial to ensure conditions for economic growth. However, as a dead end, there is failure of the State in giving efficacy to the operation of all segments of the economy, especially given the budget constraint. Public managers are forced to seek external resources, resuming the cycle of political allegiance to the interests of international financial and banking representatives, installed in so-called multilateral. The complex ideological capital comes into play in trying to convince society that the paths taken by governments are inevitable, and that capitalism can be "humanized", even with the realization of the growing inequalities caused by historical irrationalism of the production process of capital . In this sense, emerging concepts that attempt to demonstrate the compatibility of the system to real human needs. This ideological offensive is intended to legitimize the capital. The so-called third sector has a special highlight with the concept of corporate social responsibility. It creates a political environment in which the inevitable mix-up with new illusions offered by and often funding the metabolism of capital in order to perpetuate this system. In this context, political elites, and considerable portions of the academy, embark on "waves of capitalist optimism," while the sociometabolismo capital expands its historical limits, driving forces postponing their collapse, but that cause human suffering and ecological stress. Wars are disseminated to strengthen the deadly war industry and the automobile industry; and devastating the environment of which depends the capital system. In this scenario disassemble, propositions emerge around a "new social pact" in order to minimize the adverse effects of the dynamics of reproduction of capital. The business class is called to exercise its role through the discourse that appeals to social responsibility programs, in order to intervene directly in the "social question". The core of this research is precisely this point. Although there is considerable scholarship on the phenomenon of Social Responsibility and Corporate Citizenship, there is also an evident lack of this approach focused on the banking sector in Brazil. The importance of rentier capital increased ownership of shares in the wealth produced by all of Brazilian society, justifies a sociological research project on Social Responsibility in the domestic financial sector. In this sense, it was decided to perform a dynamic approach to the "Corporate Citizenship" in the banking industry, specifically in the Bank of Brazil. As this is a key institution, is important analyze of the impacts of this strategy fetish of capitalist reproduction, in order to evaluate the social legitimization of rentier capital in Brazil. In this scenario of the abundance of the discourse on social responsibility there exist a progressive impoverishment of professional work in this segment in Brazil. There is a dramatic mismatch between rhetoric and practice because of the trend of deepening vulnerability of the working conditions of the Brazilian bank worker, from the 1990's. In the specific case of the Bank of Brazil, the first initiative of the institution was to conform to the principles of the UNO and the Ethos Institute, aiming to align their domestic policies to this new strategy of domination of capital. The purpose is to place the Bank in the ideological sphere of corporate social responsibility, just as with its partners in the private financial intercapitalist competition. Indeed, in the internal ambit of the Bank of Brazil, there is a policy to adjust its functional segments to the doctrine of Social Corporate Responsibility. The concepts of this doctrine is presented as something inexorable. There are no alternatives. The Bank of Brazil operates in a highly competitive market, the segment featuring the dominance of financial capital accumulation today. For this reason it can not fail to incorporate the technological advances organizational. For employees there is no alternative but to adapt to this new set of ideas proposed by the metabolism of capital