Idrogeologia e geomorfologia dell'area carsica Buca di Ronzana, Dolina dell'Inferno e Farneto

Il ritrovamento, all'interno del Complesso Partigiano-Modenesi, di un grosso collettore attivo ha aggiunto un nuovo interrogativo nella già complessa situazione idrogeologica dell'area carsica Farneto, Buca di Ronzana, Dolina dell'Inferno. Si è quindi fatto ricorso ad un'attenta ricerca bibliografica riguardo alle colorazioni precedenti e ad un'accurata ricerca sul campo, in cui sono state descritte ed analizzate tutte le grotte, inghiottitoi e risorgenti attive della zona. In seguito è stata eseguita una nuova colorazione, immettendo 200 g di fluoresceina nella Valle Cieca di Ronzana il 16/5/2016, con fluocaptori posizionati in tre punti all'interno del Complesso Partigiano-Modenesi, nelle due risorgenti accessibili (Grotta Nuova e Ca' Masetti) e nella Grotta del Farneto. Il 22/5/2016 è stato osservato il torrente attivo principale della Grotta dei Modenesi di colore verde fluorescente, mentre nessuna traccia di colore è stata vista nelle altre cavità e nelle risorgenti. A fronte dei lavori svolti e dei risultati ottenuti con la collaborazione del GSB – USB, si può dunque affermare che: a) il torrente attivo scoperto a dicembre 2015 nel Complesso Grotta del Partigiano – Grotta dei Modenesi riceve l'acqua dalla Valle Cieca di Ronzana e, secondo le colorazioni di L. Fantini del 1959 e R. Casali nel 1972, recapita alla ex-risorgente del Fontanaccio, infine sfocia nel torrente Zena, dopo aver percorso un livello basso della Grotta del Farneto, inaccessibile all'uomo; b) il Sistema Ronzana-Modenesi-Farneto risulta completamente separato dall'adiacente sistema parallelo Coralupi-Nuova e dalla Risorgente di Ca' Masetti; c) le ricerche, le descrizioni e i risultati ottenuti con questa tesi possono essere utilizzati come base per effettuare nuove ricerche negli altri sistemi idrologici dell'area, in modo da chiarirne ulteriormente la circolazione idrica ipogea.

Membrane poliarammidiche nanofibrose: produzione mediante elettrofilatura e applicazione come ritardante di fiamma

I compositi a matrice polimerica sono stati soggetto di indagine e sviluppo per le ottime proprietà meccaniche che possiedono. Portando come esempio di questo tipo di compositi i materiali a matrice epossidica rinforzati in fibra di carbonio, questi sono molto performanti ma presentano due principali problematiche: la delaminazione e la elevata infiammabilità. Recenti studi hanno dimostrato che la possibilità di integrare in un materiale composito un rinforzo a base nanofibrosa, può modificare in maniera sostanziale le proprietà meccaniche e non solo del composito. Nel presente lavoro di tesi è stato condotto uno studio riguardante la possibilità di includere nanofibre di natura meta-arammidica all’interno di materiali compositi e l’effetto che questo possono avere sulla cinetica di reticolazione della resina. Essendo inoltre ben note le ottime proprietà antifiamma delle fibre poli-arammidiche si è studiato il comportamento alla fiamma di materiali (legno e compositi in fibra di carbonio) ricoperti da strati micrometrici di tali nanofibre tramite misure al cono calorimetro.

Influence of iodine value on combustion and NOx emission characteristics of a DI diesel engine

Biodiesel is a renewable fuel that has been shown to reduce many exhaust emissions, except oxides of nitrogen (NOx), in diesel engine cars. This is of special concern in inner urban areas that are subject to strict environmental regulations, such as EURO norms. Also, the use of pure biodiesel (B100) is inhibited because of its higher NOx emissions compared to petroleum diesel fuel. The aim of this present work is to investigate the effect of the iodine value and cetane number of various biodiesel fuels obtained from different feed stocks on the combustion and NOx emission characteristics of a direct injection (DI) diesel engine. The biodiesel fuels were chosen from various feed stocks such as coconut, palm kernel, mahua (Madhuca indica), pongamia pinnata, jatropha curcas, rice bran, and sesame seed oils. The experimental results show an approximately linear relationship between iodine value and NOx emissions. The biodiesels obtained from coconut and palm kernel showed lower NOx levels than diesel, but other biodiesels showed an increase in NOx. It was observed that the nature of the fatty acids of the biodiesel fuels had a significant influence on the NOx emissions. Also, the cetane numbers of the biodiesel fuels are affected both premixed combustion and the combustion rate, which further affected the amount of NOx formation. It was concluded that NOx emissions are influenced by many parameters of biodiesel fuels, particularly the iodine value and cetane number.

Assetti proprietari e meccanismi di governance nelle imprese familiari [Finacial reporting in small family firms : searching for a new framework]

SOMMARIO: 1. La “governance” nelle aziende familiari: rilevanza, aspetti distintivi e criticità. 2. Il ruolo della compagine proprietaria nella definizione dei meccanismi di governo. 3. Composizione e funzioni del consiglio d’amministrazione. 4. I patti di famiglia come strumento di disciplina dei rapporti impresa-famiglia. 5. Considerazioni conclusive: prospettive di analisi e scenari futuri negli studi sulla governance delle imprese familiari.

L'informativa di bilancio nelle imprese familiari di piccole dimensioni : caratteri distintivi e aspetti evolutivi

SOMMARIO: 1. I fattori che incidono sulla funzione informativa del bilancio nelle imprese familiari. 2. Funzione, obiettivi e attese informative nella comunicazione esterna delle imprese familiari. 3. I caratteri del “familismo” nei prospetti di bilancio. 4. Verso un nuovo modello di bilancio per le imprese familiari: riflessioni critiche e spunti per la ricerca.

An infrared study of adsorption of paranitrophenol on mono, di and trialkyl surfactant intercalated organoclays

Infrared spectroscopy has been used to study the adsorption of paranitrophenol on mono, di and tri alkyl surfactant intercalated montmorillonite. Organoclays were obtained by the cationic exchange of mono, di and tri alkyl chain surfactants for sodium ions [hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (HDTMAB), dimethyldioctadecylammonium bromide (DDOAB), methyltrioctadecylammonium bromide (MTOAB)] in an aqueous solution with Na-montmorillonite. Upon formation of the organoclay, the properties change from strongly hydrophilic to strongly hydrophobic. This change in surface properties is observed by a decrease in intensity of the OH stretching vibrations assigned to water in the cation hydration sphere of the montmorillonite. As the cation is replaced by the surfactant molecules the paranitrophenol replaces the surfactant molecules in the clay interlayer. Bands attributed to CH stretching and bending vibrations change for the surfactant intercalated montmorillonite. Strong changes occur in the HCH deformation modes of the methyl groups of the surfactant. These changes are attributed to the methyl groups locking into the siloxane surface of the montmorillonite. Such a concept is supported by changes in the SiO stretching bands of the montmorillonite siloxane surface. This study demonstrates that paranitrophenol will penetrate into the untreated clay interlayer and replace the intercalated surfactant in surfactant modified clay, resulting in the change of the arrangement of the intercalated surfactant.

Poly[di-mu-aqua-bis(mu-2-amino-4-nitrobenzoato)dicaesium]

In the structure of title compound [Cs2(C7H5N2O4)2(H2O)2]n the asymmetric unit comprises two independent and different Cs centres, one nine-coordinate, the other seven coordinate, with both having irregular stereochemistry. The CsO9 coordination comprises oxygen donors from three bridging water molecules, one of which is doubly bridging, three from carboxylate groups, and three from nitro groups, of which two are bidentate chelate bridging. The CsO6N coordination comprises the two bridging water molecules, one amine N donor, one carboxyl O donor and four O donors from nitro groups (two from the chelate bridges). The extension of the dimeric unit gives a two-dimensional polymeric structure which is stabilized by both intra- and intermolecular amine N-H...O and water O-H...O hydrogen bonds to carboxyl O acceptors, as well as inter-ring pi-pi interactions [minimum ring centroid separation, 3.4172(15)A].

[P,P-Di-tert-butyl-N-trimethylsilyl- P-(trimethylsilylamino)phosphineimidato-N,N]bis(pyridine-N)- lithium(I)

In the title compound, [Li(C14H36N2PSi2)(C5H5N)2], the bulky chelating monoanionic P,P-di-tert-butyl-N-trimethylsilyl-P-(trimethylsilylamino)phosphine imidate ligand and two pyridine ligands bind to Li in a pseudo-tetrahedral arrangement with twofold symmetry. The Li-N [phosphine]distance is 2.048 (5) Å, while the LiP distance is 2.520 (6) Å

Bayesian models for the determination of resonant frequencies in a DI diesel engine

A time series method for the determination of combustion chamber resonant frequencies is outlined. This technique employs the use of Markov-chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) to infer parameters in a chosen model of the data. The development of the model is included and the resonant frequency is characterised as a function of time. Potential applications for cycle-by-cycle analysis are discussed and the bulk temperature of the gas and the trapped mass in the combustion chamber are evaluated as a function of time from resonant frequency information.

Methyl ester preparation from peanut oil and its effect on DI diesel engine combustion

This study investigated the preparation of methyl ester (Biodiesel) from peanut oil by transesterification method and its effect on DI diesel engine. Two parameters were measured during the engine operation: one is engine performance (brake thermal efficiency and brake specific fuel consumption), and the other is the exhaust emissions (NOx and CO). The result showed that, when compared with neat diesel fuel, the brake thermal efficiency of biodiesel blend was almost similar or a slight lower. However, brake specific fuel consumption (bsfc) was a little higher than neat diesel. CO was lower and NOx was little higher with biodiesel blend than that of diesel. The engine performance for B10 and B20 was very similar. At medium and high load conditions the engine emissions for B10 and B20 has no significant variation. Hence, B20 can safely be used in diesel engine without any significant penalty in engine performance and emissions.

Thyroxine and reserpine-induced changes in metabolic profiles of rat urine and the therapeutic effect of Liu Wei Di Huang Wan detected by UPLC-HDMS

The promise of metabonomics, a new "omics" technique, to validate Chinese medicines and the compatibility of Chinese formulas has been appreciated. The present study was undertaken to explore the excretion pattern of low molecular mass metabolites in the male Wistar-derived rat model of kidney yin deficiency induced with thyroxine and reserpine as well as the therapeutic effect of Liu Wei Di Huang Wan (LW) and its separated prescriptions, a classic traditional Chinese medicine formula for treating kidney yin deficiency in China. The study utilized ultra-performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization synapt high definition mass spectrometry (UPLC/ESI-SYNAPT-HDMS) in both negative and positive electrospray ionization (ESI). At the same time, blood biochemistry was examined to identify specific changes in the kidney yin deficiency. Distinct changes in the pattern of metabolites, as a result of daily administration of thyroxine and reserpine, were observed by UPLC-HDMS combined with a principal component analysis (PCA). The changes in metabolic profiling were restored to their baseline values after treatment with LW according to the PCA score plots. Altogether, the current metabonomic approach based on UPLC-HDMS and orthogonal projection to latent structures discriminate analysis (OPLS-DA) indicated 20 ions (14 in the negative mode, 8 in the positive mode, and 2 in both) as "differentiating metabolites".