Influence of corn processing provided in the diet on the ruminal dynamics of dairy steer

Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar a dinâmica ruminal de novilhos leiteiros recebendo dietas contendo grão de milho inteiro, milho moído na forma de quirera ou milho inteiro tratado com ureia. Para isso, foram mantidos em regime de confinamento seis animais fistulados no rúmen alimentados com dietas com teores semelhantes de energia e proteína. A dieta foi formulada com relação volumoso:concentrado de 40:60 na matéria seca e continha silagem de sorgo como volumoso. O delineamento utilizado foi na forma de um quadrado latino 3 × 3, com três animais e três períodos, e foi repetido duas ou quatro vezes conforme o parâmetro estudado, totalizando seis ou 12 repetições por dieta. O tratamento do grão de milho não influenciou o pH do líquido ruminal nem a degradabilidade ruminal da matéria seca, fibra em detergente ácido e celulose. Todas as dietas propiciaram concentração de N-amoniacal adequada para o crescimento microbiano ruminal; todavia, nos animais alimentados com grão de milho inteiro tratado com ureia, essa concentração foi significativamente menor. A atividade bacteriana é menor em animais alimentados com dietas contendo milho moído e não difere entre os animais alimentados com grão de milho inteiro ou grão de milho inteiro tratado com ureia.

Optimization of cyclodextrin glucanotransferase production from Bacillus clausii E16 in submerged fermentation using response surface methodology

Cyclodextrin glucanotransferase production from Bacillus clausii E16, a new bacteria isolated from Brazilian soil samples was optimized in shake-flask cultures. A 2 4 full-factorial central composite design was performed to optimize the culture conditions, using a response surface methodology the combined effect among the soluble starch concentration, the peptone concentration, the yeast extract concentration, and the initial pH value of the culture medium was investigated. The optimum concentrations of the components, determined by a 2(4) full-factorial central composite design, were 13.4 g/L soluble starch, 4.9 g/L peptone, 5.9 g/L yeast extract, and initial pH 10.1. Under these optimized conditions, the maximum cyclodextrin glucanotransferase activity was 5.9 U/mL after a 48-h fermentation. This yield was 68% higher than that obtained when the microorganism was cultivated in basal culture medium.

Partial purification and properties of cellulase-free alkaline xylanase produced by Rhizopus stolonifer in solid-state fermentation

Rhizopus stolonifer was cultivated in wheat bran to produce a cellulase-free alkaline xylanase. The purified enzyme obtained after molecular exclusion chromatography in Sephacryl S-200 HR showed optimum temperature as 45 degrees C and hydrolysis pHs optima as pH 6.0 and 9.0. Xylanase presented higher Vmax at pH 9.0 (0.87 mu mol/mg protein) than at pH 6.0 and minor Km at pH 6.0 (7.42 mg/mL)than at pH 9.0.

Microbial rennet produced by Mucor miehei in solid-state and submerged fermentation

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Optimisation of a continuous flash fermentation for butanol production using the response surface methodology

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Optimization Strategies Based on Sequential Quadratic Programming Applied for a Fermentation Process for Butanol Production

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Effect of Conditioning on the Production of Inulinase by Kluyveromyces marxianus var. bulgaricus through Fed-Batch Fermentation

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Influence of nitrogen source and sucrose concentration on inulinase production by Kluyveromyces marxianus in fed-batch fermentation

This work studied the influence of nitrogen source and sucrose concentration in the feeding medium for biomass and inulinase production by Kluyveromyces marxianus var. bulgaricus. The results show that the best nitrogen source was a combination of 5 g/L of yeast extract and 10 g/L of peptone. Both cellular growth and enzymatic activity increased with sucrose concentration in the feeding medium (from 200 to 500 g/L). When the sucrose concentration reached 600 g/L, both cellular growth and enzymatic activity decreased.

Use of sugarcane bagasse and grass hydrolysates as carbon sources for xylanase production by Bacillus circulans D1 in submerged fermentation

The use of sugarcane bagasse and grass as low cost raw material for xylanase production by Bacillus circulans D1 in submerged fermentation was investigated. The microorganism was cultivated in a mineral medium containing hydrolysate of bagasse or grass as carbon source. High production of enzyme was obtained during growth in media with bagasse hydrolysates (8.4 U/mL) and in media with grass hydrolysates (7.5 U/mL). Xylanase production in media with hydrolysates was very close to that obtained in xylan containing media (7.0 U/ mL) and this fact confirm the feasibility of using this agro-industrial byproducts by B. circulans D1 as an alternative to save costs on the enzyme production process. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Selection of thermophilic and thermotolerant fungi for the production of cellulases and xylanases under solid-state fermentation

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Pectinase production by Penicillium viridicatum RFC3 by solid state fermentation using agricultural wastes and agro-industrial by-products

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Localization and partial characterization of thermostable glucoamylase produced by newly isolated Thermomyces lanuginosus TO3 in submerged fermentation

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Influence of Different Substrates on the Production of a Mutant Thermostable Glucoamylase in Submerged Fermentation

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Pectinase production by a Brazilian thermophilic fungus Thermomucor indicae-seudaticae N31 in solid-state and submerged fermentation

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Production and characterization of polygalacturonase from thermophilic Thermoascus aurantiacus on submerged fermentation

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)