Análisis de experiencias de laboratorio como herramienta docente: aplicación al estudio de pilares de hormigón reforzados mediante encamisados

El Grupo de Innovación Educativa de la Universidad Politécnica de Madrid Enseñanza del Hormigón Estructural (EHE) está desarrollando un Proyecto de Innovación Educativa (PIE)basado en la elaboracióde casos prácticos. En este trabajo se estudia un caso práctico relativo al análisis de refuerzos de pilares de hormigón armado mediante encamisados metálicos y de hormigón. El estudio se ha desarrollado tomando como base los datos experimentales publicados acerca del refuerzo de pilares con encamisados metálicos y de hormigón frente al comportamiento de pilares patrón.

The online case study development for the teaching of building structures reinforcement

The Reinforcement of Building Structures is one of the topics of the Master in Building Innovation Technology (MBIT) of Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM). Since the beginning of the delivery of this master, case studies have been chosen as the teaching methodology. For the 2011-2012 course the online education of this subject was implemented, instead of the classical learning based on attendance. Through ICT’s (Information and Communication Technologies) students are provided with much more and more selective information than through the classical learning. ICT’s can be used for search, enquiries and reporting. Using the online tools has been proved, through the results obtained and based on the surveys made amongst students, to be a successful experience.

Heart rate recovery in elite Spanish male athletes

Recuperación de la frecuencia cardiaca en atletas varones españoles During postexercise recovery, heart rate (HR) initially falls rapidly, followed by a period of slower decrease, until resting values are reached. The aim of the present work was to examine the differences in the recovery heart rate (RHR) between athletes engaged in static and dynamic sports.

Analysis of type of leadership within post of management in sport organizations in Madrid Community, since gender perspective

The aim of this study is to determine whether there are different types of leadership for men and women and within different job roles (Manager, Technical Director and Coordinator).

Cooperative Learning vs. Project Base Learning.

The Bologna Declaration and the implementation of the European Higher Education Area are promoting the use of active learning methodologies such as cooperative learning and project based learning. This study was motivated by the comparison of the results obtained after applying Cooperative Learning (CL) and Project Based Learning (PBL) to a subject of Computer Engineering. The fundamental hypothesis tested was whether the academic success achieved by the students of the first years was higher when CL was applied than in those cases to which PBL was applied. A practical case, by means of which the effectiveness of CL and PBL are compared, is presented in this work. This study has been carried out at the Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, where these mechanisms have been applied to the Operating Systems I subject from the Technical Engineering in Computer Systems degree (OSIS) and to the same subject from the Technical Engineering in Computer Management degree (OSIM). Both subjects have the same syllabus, are taught in the same year and semester and share also formative objectives. From this study we can conclude that students¿ academic performance (regarding the grades given) is greater with PBL than with CL. To be more specific, the difference is between 0.5 and 1 point for the individual tests. For the group tests, this difference is between 2.5 and 3 points. Therefore, this study refutes the fundamental hypothesis formulated at the beginning. Some of the possible interpretations of these results are referred to in this study.

Calibration of calculation models of wooden guardrails with Operational Modal Analysis

This study analyses the differences between two calculation models for guardrails on building sites that use wooden boards and tubular steel posts. Wood was considered an isotropic material in one model and an orthotropic material in a second model. The elastic constants of the wood were obtained with ultrasound. Frequencies and vibration modes were obtained for both models through linear analysis using the finite element method. The two models were experimentally calibrated through operational modal analysis. The results obtained show that for the three types of wood under analysis, the model which considered them as an orthotropic material fitted the experimental results better than the model which considered them as an isotropic material.

Eficacia en la aplicación de las medidas de formación para los deportistas de alto nivel en el territorio español

La formación académica y la planificación son fundamentales para una exitosa inserción laboral de los atletas de élite. El objetivo de este estudio fue detectar el nivel de aplicación de las medidas de formación por los diferentes agentes que participan en el sistema. Al analizar el proceso de información se apreciaron ciertas carencias en el mismo. El cambio de fechas de exámenes con motivo de competiciones/concentraciones oficiales fue el aspecto más demandado por los diferentes deportistas. Dado que el periodo de los 20 a los 30 años es crítico para la formación, sería necesario aportar un servicio de cobertura total para la población de deportistas de Alto Nivel, con el fin de dar un asesoramiento permanente y trazar una línea continua desde la vida deportiva a la vida laboral en los deportistas.

Perception of the sport events held in a permanent facility: the case of the Madrid Sports Palace

The aims of this study were to analyse perceptions regarding the sporting events held in the Madrid Sports Palace and to analyse whether those perceptions vary by age or gender. One hundred and ninetyfive residents answered the Ntloko and Swart (2008) questionnaire. The dimensions most highly rated were economic benefits (3.9±0.8), the event as a regional showcase (3.6±0.7), and the event as entertainment (3.4±0.6). However, the respondents did not agree with the negative environmental impact (2.0±0.8). Men rated the use of public money (z=2.4; pmenor que.05) and the regional showcase (z=2.0 pmenor que.05) more positively than women. Finally, women rated the increase in prices (z=2.0; pmenor que.05) more highly than men. The age groups differed significantly only regarding the promotion of community pride. Seniors and middle-aged adults rated it more positively than young adults (?2(2)=9.9; pmenor que.01). The fact that in an urban sports facility regular sporting events take place on a regular basis means that there are diverse perceptions, though mainly positive, and those perceptions differ from the perceptions about mega events that take place once in a life time at temporary sports facilities.

Utilización del compost de orujo de uva en el cultivo del melón en Castilla-La Mancha

En el año 2010 se comenzó en el Centro Agrario El Chaparrillo un proyecto de investigación en colaboración con la Universidad Politécnica de Madrid y la Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, teniendo como objetivo principal evaluar el comportamiento como enmienda orgánica y fertilizante del compost de orujo, obtenido de las viñas castellano-manchegas de la zona de Socuéllamos, en un cultivo de melón. En este artículo de muestran los resultados.

Los programas de actividad física y salud en las empresas europeas como modelo de negocio: una revisión de la literatura

Revisión de la literatura sobre los programas de actividad física y salud en las empresas europeas como modelo de negocio

A simple mathematical model that describes the growth of the area and the number of total and viable cells in yeast colonies

We propose a model, based on the Gompertz equation, to describe the growth of yeasts colonies on agar medium. This model presents several advantages: (i) one equation describes the colony growth, which previously needed two separate ones (linear increase of radius and of the squared radius); (ii) a similar equation can be applied to total and viable cells, colony area or colony radius, because the number of total cells in mature colonies is proportional to their area; and (iii) its parameters estimate the cell yield, the cell concentration that triggers growth limitation and the effect of this limitation on the specific growth rate. To elaborate the model, area, total and viable cells of 600 colonies of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Debaryomyces fabryi, Zygosaccharomyces rouxii and Rhodotorula glutinis have been measured. With low inocula, viable cells showed an initial short exponential phase when colonies were not visible. This phase was shortened with higher inocula. In visible or mature colonies, cell growth displayed Gompertz-type kinetics. It was concluded that the cells growth in colonies is similar to liquid cultures only during the first hours, the rest of the time they grow, with near-zero specific growth rates, at least for 3 weeks.

Diferencias de género en los hábitos de actividad física de la población adulta en la Comunidad de Madrid

La investigación persigue contrastar la hipótesis de la existencia de dos diferentes culturas deportivas en las personas adultas, la femenina y la masculina, a través del análisis de los niveles de práctica (tipo de demanda), tipo de actividad practicada y sus características (frecuencia semanal, gasto mensual, espacio de práctica y modo de organización). La metodología cuantitativa empleada ha consistido en la aplicación de un cuestionario estructurado a una muestra aleatoria de las mujeres y varones mayores adultos entre 30 y 64 años (n=340; 50.3% mujeres, 49.7% hombres) en la Comunidad de Madrid. Las conclusiones obtenidas revelan que un 45.3% de hombres y un 34.5% de mujeres practica deporte; además otro 15.5% de mujeres y 11.7% de hombres camina para hacer ejercicio. Aparecen diferencias de género en las actividades practicadas (c2(10)=46.83; p<.001; CC=.442), en el número de horas de práctica (t191=2.29; p<.05; d=.33), en el gasto mensual (t148=3.16; p<.001; d=.69) y en el modo de desplazamiento a la actividad (c2(7)=27.44; p<0.001; CC=0.359) aunque la práctica de actividades auto-organizadas es mayoritaria en ambos sexos (80.3% hombres, 63.7% mujeres), principalmente en solitario (62.7% hombres, 50.5% mujeres) y en espacios al aire libre (60.4% hombres, 46.6% mujeres).

Surface velocity and mass balance of Livingston Island ice cap, Antarctica

The mass budget of the ice caps surrounding the Antarctica Peninsula and, in particular, the partitioning of its main components are poorly known. Here we approximate frontal ablation (i.e. the sum of mass losses by calving and submarine melt) and surface mass balance of the ice cap of Livingston Island, the second largest island in the South Shetland Islands archipelago, and analyse variations in surface velocity for the period 2007–2011. Velocities are obtained from feature tracking using 25 PALSAR-1 images, and used in conjunction with estimates of glacier ice thicknesses inferred from principles of glacier dynamics and ground-penetrating radar observations to estimate frontal ablation rates by a flux-gate approach. Glacier-wide surface mass-balance rates are approximated from in situ observations on two glaciers of the ice cap. Within the limitations of the large uncertainties mostly due to unknown ice thicknesses at the flux gates, we find that frontal ablation (−509 ± 263 Mt yr−1, equivalent to −0.73 ± 0.38 m w.e. yr−1 over the ice cap area of 697 km2) and surface ablation (−0.73 ± 0.10 m w.e. yr−1) contribute similar shares to total ablation (−1.46 ± 0.39 m w.e. yr−1). Total mass change (δM = −0.67 ± 0.40 m w.e. yr−1) is negative despite a slightly positive surface mass balance (0.06 ± 0.14 m w.e. yr−1). We find large interannual and, for some basins, pronounced seasonal variations in surface velocities at the flux gates, with higher velocities in summer than in winter. Associated variations in frontal ablation (of ~237 Mt yr−1; −0.34 m w.e. yr−1) highlight the importance of taking into account the seasonality in ice velocities when computing frontal ablation with a flux-gate approach.

Gender differences of the spanish adult population in barriers to active living

Proyecto I+D+i DEP19801: Gender differences of the spanish adult population in barriers to active living

Gender differences and inequalities in the habits of physical activity of the adult population in Spain

Proyecto I+D+i DEP19801: Gender differences and inequalities in the habits of physical activity of the adult population in Spain