An investigation of the relationships between selected characteristics and leadership outcomes of Athletic Training Education Program directors

There is currently no evidence describing what characteristics make an Athletic Training Program Director (PD) an effective leader. An influx of accredited programs resulted in a rapid increase in the demand for PDs, yet training and preparation for these positions has failed to evolve. Although Certified Athletic Trainers (ATs) are trained in specific content areas, they may not always be prepared for the administrative and leadership responsibilities associated with the role of PD (Leone, 2008). This dissertation examined the relationships between selected characteristics and leadership outcomes of Athletic Training Program Directors. Each PD participants (n=27) completed a demographic questionnaire to obtain the leader's academic preparation, accreditation experience and leadership training history. Each participant also completed the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ) to obtain leadership styles, behaviors, and outcomes. Overall, the PDs reported utilizing transformational leadership most often and passive avoidant leadership least often. There was no significant difference between PDs with master's and doctorate degrees on overall leadership outcome. However, participants with a doctorate degree scored significantly different on the effectiveness component of the leadership outcome compared with participants with a master's degree. Those participants who have completed academic coursework on leadership scored significantly different on the leadership outcome compared to those who have not completed academic coursework on leadership. Findings from this study indicate that changes to the current requirements for the role of PD may be warranted. Consideration should be given to increasing the minimum degree requirement and requiring academic coursework on leadership. Future research may be useful in determining specific degree guidelines and types and amounts of leadership training that would be beneficial to Athletic Training PDs.

Leadership Styles, Behaviors, and Outcomes of Athletic Training Education Program Directors

Context: With the increase in athletic training education programs, the demand for a highly qualified faculty member to serve as program director (PD) and fill the multiple roles and responsibilities of the position has increased. A successful PD must possess leadership skills crucial for the evolving academic environment. Research suggests that educational leaders must provide both transactional and transformational leadership if athletic trainers are to secure a legitimate place as healthcare providers. Objective: To describe the leadership styles and behaviors of athletic training education PDs and to describe the associations between leadership style, behavior, outcome, and experience. Design: We will utilize a survey design to identify the leadership styles, behaviors, outcomes, and experiences of athletic training education PDs. Setting: On-line questionnaire. Participants: The population of this study will be limited to the academic PDs of the 360 accredited entry-level athletic training education programs in the United States. Intervention: The investigation will utilize the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ). The MLQ is a validated tool composed of 45 items that identify and measure key leadership and effectiveness behaviors shown to be strongly linked with both individual and organizational success. In addition to the leader, it is recommended that all persons working above, below, and directly at the same organizational level as the leader rate the leader. Raters evaluate how frequently, or to what degree, they have observed the leader engage in 32 specific behaviors. Main Outcome Measure(s): Statistical analysis will be utilized to describe the associations between leadership styles, behaviors, outcomes, and experiences.

Evaluating the Appropriateness of Project Delivery Systems for Different Trenchless Methods

Trenchless methods have been considered to be a viable solution for pipeline projects in urban areas. Their applicability in pipeline projects is expected to increase with the rapid advancements in technology and emerging concerns regarding social costs related to trenching methods. Selecting appropriate project delivery system (PDS) is a key to the success of trenchless projects. To ensure success of the project, the selected project delivery should be tailored to trenchless project specific characteristics and owner needs, since the effectiveness of project delivery systems differs based on different project characteristics and owners requirements. Since different trenchless methods have specific characteristics such rate of installation, lengths of installation, and accuracy, the same project delivery systems may not be equally effective for different methods. The intent of this paper is to evaluate the appropriateness of different PDS for different trenchless methods. PDS are examined through a structured decision-making process called Fuzzy Delivery System Selection Model (FDSSM). The process of incorporating the impacts of: (a) the characteristics of trenchless projects and (b) owners’ needs in the FDSSM is performed by collecting data using questionnaires deployed to professionals involved in the trenchless industry in order to determine the importance of delivery systems selection attributes for different trenchless methods, and then analyzing this data. The sensitivity of PDS rankings with respect to trenchless methods is considered in order to evaluate whether similar project delivery systems are equally effective in different trenchless methods. The effectiveness of PDS with respect to attributes is defined as follows: a project delivery system is most effective with respect to an attribute (e.g., ability to control growth in costs ) if there is no project delivery system that is more effective than that PDS. The results of this study may assist trenchless project owners to select the appropriate PDS for the trenchless method selected.

Digoxin use after diagnosis of prostate cancer and survival: a population-based cohort study

PURPOSE:
Preclinical studies have shown that digoxin exerts anticancer effects on different cancer cell lines including prostate cancer. A recent observational study has shown that digoxin use was associated with a 25% reduction in prostate cancer risk. The aim of this study was to investigate whether digoxin use after diagnosis of prostate cancer was associated with decreased prostate cancer-specific mortality.
METHODS:
A cohort of 13 134 patients with prostate cancer newly diagnosed from 1998 to 2009 was identified from English cancer registries and linked to the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink (to provide digoxin and other prescription records) and to the Office of National Statistics mortality data (to identify 2010 prostate cancer-specific deaths). Using time-dependent Cox regression models, unadjusted and adjusted hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for the association between post-diagnostic exposure to digoxin and prostate cancer-specific mortality.
RESULTS:
Overall, 701 (5%) patients with prostate cancer used digoxin after diagnosis. Digoxin use was associated with an increase in prostate cancer-specific mortality before adjustment (HR = 1.59; 95% CI 1.32-1.91), but after adjustment for confounders, the association was attenuated (adjusted HR = 1.13; 95% CI 0.93-1.37) and there was no evidence of a dose response.
CONCLUSIONS:
In this large population-based prostate cancer cohort, there was no evidence of a reduction in prostate cancer-specific mortality with digoxin use after diagnosis.

Acessibilidade no ambiente escolar: reflexões com base no estudo de duas escolas municipais de Natal-RN

This work was originated through the results of the analysis of the services for the needs of people with disabilities that were permitted by the physical space of two schools of the municipality of Natal/RN. The general objective/goal was to subsidize the elaboration of alternatives for the planning of environments that could be used by any person. The study used the empirical research through the adoption of a multimethod approach including: (i) technical visits oriented by the NBR 9050, (ii) contact with users that have reduced mobility (visually impaired and wheelchair or crutch users) through escorted travels and interviews, and (iii) interview with school managers. The evidence from the research, even though with significant development of laws that guarantee people with disabilities their right to citizenship, the physical environment of our schools still present with many obstacles that prevent the mobility of people with disabilities which proves their lack of readiness to accommodate them. Therefore, the actions taken to address the accessibility has been the adoption of temporary solutions that makes the adaptation more difficult, adds obstacles and reinforces the undesirable segregation, however still very present in our society. Finally, there is the indication that in order to achieve the spatial configuration that promotes social contact and integration in between the persons with different physical status, it is necessary to completely comprehend the activities developed in each space, from the conception of the equipment to the individual learning needs, having in mind creating environments that stimulates the execution of the tasks in an independent manner without the assistance of others. The inclusion regarding attention to accessibility in the decision making process, directed to the arquitectural and urban project, would decrease the constant need to redevelop and adapt spaces, and should be definitely incorporated as an important component in the production of space

Engineering thin films of magnetic alloys and semiconductor oxides at the nanoscale

The thesis aims to exploit properties of thin films for applications such as spintronics, UV detection and gas sensing. Nanoscale thin films devices have myriad advantages and compatibility with Si-based integrated circuits processes. Two distinct classes of material systems are investigated, namely ferromagnetic thin films and semiconductor oxides. To aid the designing of devices, the surface properties of the thin films were investigated by using electron and photon characterization techniques including Auger electron spectroscopy (AES), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), grazing incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXRD), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). These are complemented by nanometer resolved local proximal probes such as atomic force microscopy (AFM), magnetic force microscopy (MFM), electric force microscopy (EFM), and scanning tunneling microscopy to elucidate the interplay between stoichiometry, morphology, chemical states, crystallization, magnetism, optical transparency, and electronic properties. Specifically, I studied the effect of annealing on the surface stoichiometry of the CoFeB/Cu system by in-situ AES and discovered that magnetic nanoparticles with controllable areal density can be produced. This is a good alternative for producing nanoparticles using a maskless process. Additionally, I studied the behavior of magnetic domain walls of the low coercivity alloy CoFeB patterned nanowires. MFM measurement with the in-plane magnetic field showed that, compared to their permalloy counterparts, CoFeB nanowires require a much smaller magnetization switching field , making them promising for low-power-consumption domain wall motion based devices. With oxides, I studied CuO nanoparticles on SnO2 based UV photodetectors (PDs), and discovered that they promote the responsivity by facilitating charge transfer with the formed nanoheterojunctions. I also demonstrated UV PDs with spectrally tunable photoresponse with the bandgap engineered ZnMgO. The bandgap of the alloyed ZnMgO thin films was tailored by varying the Mg contents and AES was demonstrated as a surface scientific approach to assess the alloying of ZnMgO. With gas sensors, I discovered the rf-sputtered anatase-TiO2 thin films for a selective and sensitive NO2 detection at room temperature, under UV illumination. The implementation of UV enhances the responsivity, response and recovery rate of the TiO2 sensor towards NO2 significantly. Evident from the high resolution XPS and AFM studies, the surface contamination and morphology of the thin films degrade the gas sensing response. I also demonstrated that surface additive metal nanoparticles on thin films can improve the response and the selectivity of oxide based sensors. I employed nanometer-scale scanning probe microscopy to study a novel gas senor scheme consisting of gallium nitride (GaN) nanowires with functionalizing oxides layer. The results suggested that AFM together with EFM is capable of discriminating low-conductive materials at the nanoscale, providing a nondestructive method to quantitatively relate sensing response to the surface morphology.

Évaluation de la performance des règles de gestion d'un réservoir de production hydroélectrique mises à jour à l'aide de la programmation dynamique stochastique et d'un modèle hydrologique

L’entreprise Rio Tinto effectue la gestion du système hydrique de la rivière Nechako, situé en Colombie-Britannique (Canada), à partir de règles de gestion optimisées à l’aide d’un algorithme de programmation dynamique stochastique (PDS) et de scénarios d’apports historiques. Les récents développements en recherche opérationnelle tendent à démontrer que la mise à jour des règles de gestion en mode prévisionnel permet d’améliorer la performance des règles de gestion lorsque des prévisions d’ensemble sont utilisées pour mieux cerner les incertitudes associées aux apports à venir. La modélisation hydrologique permet de suivre l’évolution d’un ensemble de processus hydrologiques qui varient dans le temps et dans l’espace (réserve de neige, humidité du sol, etc.). L’utilisation de modèles hydrologiques, en plus d’offrir la possibilité de construire des prévisions d’ensemble qui tiennent compte de l’ensemble des processus simulés, permet de suivre l’évolution de variables d’état qui peuvent être utilisées à même l’algorithme d’optimisation pour construire les probabilités de transition utiles à l’évaluation de la valeur des décisions futures. À partir d’un banc d’essais numériques dans lequel le comportement du bassin versant de la rivière Nechako est simulé à l’aide du modèle hydrologique CEQUEAU, les résultats du présent projet démontrent que la mise à jour des règles avec l’algorithme de PDS en mode prévisionnel permet une amélioration de la gestion du réservoir Nechako lorsque comparée aux règles optimisées avec l’algorithme en mode historique. Le mode prévisionnel utilisant une variable hydrologique combinant un modèle autorégressif d’ordre 5 (AR5) et la valeur maximale de l’équivalent en eau de la neige (ÉENM) a permis de réduire les déversements non-productifs et les inondations tout en maintenant des productions similaires à celles obtenues à l’aide de règles optimisées en mode historique utilisant l’ÉENM comme variable hydrologique. De plus, les résultats du projet démontrent que l’utilisation de prévisions hydrologiques d’ensemble en mode historique pour construire une variable hydrologique permettant d’émettre une prévision du volume d’apport médian pour les huit mois à venir (PVAM) ne permettait pas d’obtenir des résultats de gestion supérieurs à ceux obtenus avec la variable d’ÉENM.

Assessing personality with the shedler and westen assessment procedure (swap-200): A new approach using the psychoanalysis session notes

Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada ao Instituto Superior de Psicologia Aplicada para obtenção de grau de Mestre na especialidade de Psicologia Clínica.

Diagnóstico de uma unidade de SAF em assentamento.

O assentamento Sepé Tiaraju consiste no primeiro do estado de São Paulo criado pela modalidade de PDS (Projeto de Desenvolvimento Sustentável), por isso necessitando de um sistema de produção que alie a conservação ambiental, com o desenvolvimento, soberania alimentar e geração de renda às famílias assentadas. Atendendo a uma demanda do INCRA (Instituto Nacional de Colonização e Reforma Agrária) e principalmente dos agricultores assentados, a EMBRAPA ? Meio Ambiente (Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária) vem desenvolvendo no assentamento um projeto que visa a apropriação por parte dos agricultores e a capacitação dos mesmos em SAFs (Sistemas Agroflorestais). No decorrer do projeto pode-se identificar que mesmo sensibilizados com o tema, os agricultores ainda tinham dificuldades em planejar seus SAFs, e atendendo a essa demanda dos agricultores fo realizado um curso para que os mesmos pudessem planejar suas áreas de SAFs. O resultado desse curso foram cinco implantações de SAFs em sistemas de mutirões participativos, que proporcionou uma rica troca de experiência entre os agricultores e técnicos presentes, pois os mesmos colaboravam em cada área a ser implantada, com seus conhecimentos ao mesmo tempo em que aprendiam com as experiências dos outros; resultando em um desenho diferente a cada implantação realizada, pois se levou em consideração os objetivos do agricultor que estava implantando o sistema, as características de cada lote, e o conhecimento de manejo do agricultor.

Implantação participativa de sistemas agroflorestais no assentamento Sepé Tiaraju - SP.

O assentamento Sepé Tiaraju consiste no primeiro do estado de São Paulo criado pela modalidade de PDS (Projeto de Desenvolvimento Sustentável), por isso necessitando de um sistema de produção que alie a conservação ambiental, com o desenvolvimento, soberania alimentar e geração de renda às famílias assentadas. Atendendo a uma demanda do INCRA (Instituto Nacional de Colonização e Reforma Agrária) e principalmente dos agricultores assentados, a EMBRAPA ? Meio Ambiente (Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária) vem desenvolvendo no assentamento um projeto que visa a apropriação do conhecimento e a capacitação em SAFs (Sistemas agroflorestais) por parte dos agricultores. No decorrer do projeto pode-se identificar que mesmo sensibilizados com o tema, os agricultores ainda tinham dificuldades em planejar seus SAFs, e atendendo a essa demanda dos agricultores foi realizado um curso para que os mesmos pudessem planejar suas áreas de SAFs. O resultado desse curso foram cinco implantações de SAFs em sistemas de mutirões participativos, que proporcionou uma rica troca de experiência entre os agricultores e técnicos presentes, pois os mesmos colaboravam com seus conhecimentos em cada área a ser implantada, ao mesmo tempo em que aprendiam com as experiências dos outros; resultando em um desenho diferente a cada implantação realizada, pois se levou em consideração os objetivos do agricultor que estava implantando o sistema, as características de cada lote, e o conhecimento de manejo do agricultor.

Construção participativa de SAFs em assentamentos.

O assentamento Sepé Tiaraju consiste no primeiro do estado de São Paulo criado pela modalidade de PDS (Projeto de Desenvolvimento Sustentável), por isso necessitando de um sistema de produção que alie a conservação ambiental, com o desenvolvimento, soberania alimentar e geração de renda às famílias assentadas. Atendendo a uma demanda do INCRA (Instituto Nacional de Colonização e Reforma Agrária) e principalmente dos agricultores assentados, a EMBRAPA ? Meio Ambiente (Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária) vem desenvolvendo no assentamento um projeto que visa a apropriação por parte dos agricultores e a capacitação dos mesmos em SAFs (Sistemas Agroflorestais). No decorrer do projeto pode-se identificar que mesmo sensibilizados com o tema, os agricultores ainda tinham dificuldades em planejar seus SAFs, e atendendo a essa demanda dos agricultores foi realizado um curso para que os mesmos pudessem planejar suas áreas de SAFs. O resultado desse curso foram cinco implantações de SAFs em sistemas de mutirões participativos, que proporcionou uma rica troca de experiência entre os agricultores e técnicos presentes, pois os mesmos colaboravam em cada área a ser implantada, com seus conhecimentos ao mesmo tempo em que aprendiam com as experiências dos outros; resultando em um desenho diferente a cada implantação realizada, pois se levou em consideração os objetivos do agricultor que estava implantando o sistema, as características de cada lote, e o conhecimento de manejo do agricultor.

Perturbação dismórfica corporal e perturbação delirante do tipo somático : pontos de interceção e divergência

Trabalho Final do Curso de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 2014

Biological and chemical strategies for the recovery of precious and rare metals as nanoparticles

Tese de Doutoramento, Ciências do Mar da Terra e do Ambiente, Ramo: Ciências e Tecnologias do Ambiente, Especialidade em Biotecnologia, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade do Algarve, 2016

Acessibilidade no ambiente escolar: reflexões com base no estudo de duas escolas municipais de Natal-RN

This work was originated through the results of the analysis of the services for the needs of people with disabilities that were permitted by the physical space of two schools of the municipality of Natal/RN. The general objective/goal was to subsidize the elaboration of alternatives for the planning of environments that could be used by any person. The study used the empirical research through the adoption of a multimethod approach including: (i) technical visits oriented by the NBR 9050, (ii) contact with users that have reduced mobility (visually impaired and wheelchair or crutch users) through escorted travels and interviews, and (iii) interview with school managers. The evidence from the research, even though with significant development of laws that guarantee people with disabilities their right to citizenship, the physical environment of our schools still present with many obstacles that prevent the mobility of people with disabilities which proves their lack of readiness to accommodate them. Therefore, the actions taken to address the accessibility has been the adoption of temporary solutions that makes the adaptation more difficult, adds obstacles and reinforces the undesirable segregation, however still very present in our society. Finally, there is the indication that in order to achieve the spatial configuration that promotes social contact and integration in between the persons with different physical status, it is necessary to completely comprehend the activities developed in each space, from the conception of the equipment to the individual learning needs, having in mind creating environments that stimulates the execution of the tasks in an independent manner without the assistance of others. The inclusion regarding attention to accessibility in the decision making process, directed to the arquitectural and urban project, would decrease the constant need to redevelop and adapt spaces, and should be definitely incorporated as an important component in the production of space

Isolation and characterization of plastid terminal oxidase gene from carrot and its relation to carotenoid accumulation

Carrot (Daucus carota L.) is a biennial plant that accumulates considerable amounts of carotenoid pigments in the storage root. To better understand the molecular mechanisms for carotenoid accumulation in developing storage roots, plastid terminal oxidase (PTOX) cDNA was isolated and selected for reverse-transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Present in photosynthetic species, PTOX is a plastid-located, nucleus encoded plastoquinone (PQ)-O2 oxidoreductase (plastioquinol oxidase). The enzyme is known to play a role as a cofactor for phytoene desaturase, and consequently plays a key role in the carotenoid biosynthesis pathway. A single PTOX gene was identified (DcPTOX) in carrot. DcPTOX encodes a putative protein with 366 amino acids that contains the typical structural features of PTOXs from higher plants. The expression of DcPTOX was analysed during the development of white, yellow, orange, red, and purple carrot roots, along with five genes known to be involved in the carotenoid biosynthesis pathway, PSY2, PDS, ZDS1, LCYB1, and LCYE. Expression analysis revealed the presence of DcPTOX transcripts in all cultivars, and an increase of transcripts during the time course of the experiment, with differential expression among cultivars in early stages of root growth. Our results demonstrated that DcPTOX showed a similar profile to that of other carotenoid biosynthetic genes with high correlation to all of them. The preponderant role of PSY in the biosynthesis of carotenoid pigments was also confirmed.