436 resultados para Hidrólise


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Pós-graduação em Química - IQ

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As celulases atualmente são enzimas extensivamente estudadas para a hidrólise de resíduos lignocelulósicos para obtenção de açúcares fermentescíveis utilizáveis em diferentes processos biotecnológicos, como a produção de bioetanol. O objetivo deste trabalho foi encontrar fungos celulolíticos que sejam eficientes nos processos de degradação da biomassa lignocelulósica. No presente trabalho foram selecionados 4 fungos celulolíticos previamente isolados pelo Laboratório de Biotecnologia Industrial (UNESP – Assis). Estes fungos foram cultivados em bagaço de cana-de-açúcar como substrato e para seus extratos enzimáticos foram testados suas atividades para celulases (FPase) e endoglucanases (CMCase). Os fungos FS09 (0,054 FPU/mL e 1,79 FPU/g de substrato, 0,874 U/mL e 29,1 U/g de substrato) e M51 (0,049 FPU/mL e 1,62 FPU/g de substrato, 1,094 U/mL e 36,46 U/g de substrato), mostrando valores superiores ao fungo T.reesei CCT 2768 que é referência em estudos e produção de celulases.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Vinegar is a food of condiments group that have great use in the food industry. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of parameters of the acetic fermentation process in the production of ginger vinegar. A suspension of ginger rhizomes with 12% of starch was subjected to enzymatic hydrolysis process to obtain hydrolyzed with 85.6% of glucose. After the alcoholic fermentation the wine was obtained with 40.3% ethanol. The acetic fermentation process of ginger alcoholic solution followed a completely randomized design in a factorial for three factors at two levels. The independent variables were: temperature, nutrients and proportion of "strong vinegar" and alcoholic solution (initial acidity). Results showed variation from 2.74 to 3.70% for dry extract and 2.13 to 2.83% for ash in vinegars. The profile of organic acids of ginger vinegars showed the presence of acetic, citric, malic and succinic acids in all treatments. The condition of 20 degrees C, initial acidity 1:1, with addition of nutrients allow obtaining good quality vinegars and higher GK yields.

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

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The objective was to evaluate the chemical composition and in vitro digestibility of sugarcane hydrolysed with increasing doses of calcium oxide and varying air exposure times. A completely randomised, split plot design was used; the doses were allocated to the plots, and the air exposure times were allocated to the subplots, with four repetitions. The data underwent analysis of variance and were laid out according to the effect of the treatment on the components of polynomial regressions, and evaluated at the 5% probability. The increase in the dosage negatively affected the quantities of neutral-detergent fibre (NDF), acid-detergent fibre (ADF), lignin (LIG), total carbohydrates (TC), cellulose (CEL), crude protein (CP), and ether extract (EE); and positively affected the quantities of non-fibrous carbohydrates (NFC) and mineral matter (MM). The addition of calcium oxide improved the in vitro digestible dry matter (IVDMD) coefficients and was able to keep up to 72 hours. The in vitro digestibility of the neutral-detergent fibre (IVDNDF) and of the acid-detergent fibre (IVDADF) coefficients decreased when calcium oxide was added. Calcium oxide has the ability to hydrolyse the fibrous fraction and conserve chopped sugarcane. Doses of 0.5 and 1.0% lime exhibited similar results to those achieved at higher doses; therefore, higher doses are not required in the hydrolyses of sugarcane. Over time, the sugarcane deteriorates, but this deterioration is reduced by the addition of calcium oxide.