968 resultados para Broglie, Albertine Ida Gustavine de Staël-Holstein, duchesse de, 1797-1838.


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Hier wird ein Überblick über den aktuellen Forschungsstand zu Wohlbefinden, Gesundheit und Gedächtnis im Alter gegeben, der ergänzt wird mit Ergebnissen einer grossen interdisziplinären Studie, die u.a. auf folgende Themenkomplexe eingeht -> Stellenwert des Gesundheitsverhaltens Ernährung, Vitaminstatus, Sport, Rauchen) und sozialer Netzwerke in Bezug auf Wohlbefinden, Gesundheit und Gedächtnis. -> Effiziez vn Interventionsmöglichkeiten (Gedächtnistraining, Schauspieltraining, Krafttraining) für die Erhaltung von Wohlbefinden, Gesundheit udn geistiger Leistungsfähigkeit. -> Welche Rolle spielen diesbezüglich Persönlichkeit und Selbstverantwortlichkeit? Angesichts der grossen sozialpolitischen Bedeutung, die den Fragen nach den Determinanten gesunden und autonomen Alterns zukommt, gibt dieses Buch neue Impulse für prophylaktische und diagnostische Interventionsmassnahmen.

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von [Willi] Victor

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Mutations in MITF lead to a large variety of phenotypes in human, mice and other species. They mostly affect pigmentation and hearing, whereas in mice, they may additionally cause microphthalmia and osteopetrosis. In this study, we report a single case of a Holstein calf with lack of pigmentation and microphthalmia born to healthy parents. Mendelian analysis of high-density SNP genotypes reveals a large number of parentage errors showing missing paternal alleles in the offspring, indicating a deletion encompassing 19 Mb on BTA 22. The genomic deletion affects the paternal allele and includes MITF and 131 other annotated genes. As the calf shows only one copy of the BTA 22 segment, the observed phenotype is probably caused by haploinsufficiency of the genes in that genomic region. Both the observed lack of skin pigmentation and reduced eye size can most likely be explained by a lack of MITF function.

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The challenge for sustainable organic dairy farming is identification of cows that are well adapted to forage-based production systems. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the grazing behaviour, physical activity and metabolic profile of two different Holstein strains kept in an organic grazing system without concentrate supplementation. Twelve Swiss (HCH ; 566 kg body weight (BW) and 12 New Zealand Holstein-Friesian (HNZ ; 530 kg BW) cows in mid-lactation were kept in a rotational grazing system. After an adaptation period, the milk yield, nutrient intake, physical activity and grazing behaviour were recorded for each cow for 7 days. On three consecutive days, blood was sampled at 07:00, 12:00 and 17:00 h from each cow by jugular vein puncture. Data were analysed using linear mixed models. No differences were found in milk yield, but milk fat (3.69 vs. 4.05%, P = 0.05) and milk protein percentage (2.92 vs. 3.20%, P < 0.01) were lower in HCH than in HNZ cows. Herbage intake did not differ between strains, but organic matter digestibility was greater (P = 0.01) in HCH compared to HNZ cows. The HCH cows spent less (P = 0.04) time ruminating (439 vs. 469 min/day) and had a lower (P = 0.02) number of ruminating boli when compared to the HNZ cows. The time spent eating and physical activity did not differ between strains. Concentrations of IGF-1 and T3 were lower (P ≤ 0.05) in HCH than HNZ cows. In conclusion, HCH cows were not able to increase dry matter intake in order to express their full genetic potential for milk production when kept in an organic grazing system without concentrate supplementation. On the other hand, HNZ cows seem to compensate for the reduced nutrient availability better than HCH cows but could not use that advantage for increased production efficiency

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Until recently, measurements of energy expenditure (EE; herein defined as heat production) in respiration chambers did not account for the extra energy requirements of grazing dairy cows on pasture. As energy is first limiting in most pasture-based milk production systems, its efficient use is important. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to compare EE, which can be affected by differences in body weight (BW), body composition, grazing behavior, physical activity, and milk production level, in 2 Holstein cow strains. Twelve Swiss Holstein-Friesian (HCH; 616 kg of BW) and 12 New Zealand Holstein-Friesian (HNZ; 570 kg of BW) cows in the third stage of lactation were paired according to their stage of lactation and kept in a rotational, full-time grazing system without concentrate supplementation. After adaption, the daily milk yield, grass intake using the alkane double-indicator technique, nutrient digestibility, physical activity, and grazing behavior recorded by an automatic jaw movement recorder were investigated over 7d. Using the (13)C bicarbonate dilution technique in combination with an automatic blood sampling system, EE based on measured carbon dioxide production was determined in 1 cow pair per day between 0800 to 1400 h. The HCH were heavier and had a lower body condition score compared with HNZ, but the difference in BW was smaller compared with former studies. Milk production, grass intake, and nutrient digestibility did not differ between the 2 cow strains, but HCH grazed for a longer time during the 6-h measurement period and performed more grazing mastication compared with the HNZ. No difference was found between the 2 cow strains with regard to EE (291 ± 15.6 kJ) per kilogram of metabolic BW, mainly due to a high between-animal variation in EE. As efficiency and energy use are important in sustainable, pasture-based, organic milk production systems, the determining factors for EE, such as methodology, genetics, physical activity, grazing behavior, and pasture quality, should be investigated and quantified in more detail in future studies.

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A 2-year-old German Holstein bull was identified as a carrier of a mutation within the X-chromosomal ED1 gene, which encodes a TNF-related signalling molecule mainly involved in ectodermal development. The clinicopathological appearance was associated with hypotrichosis, hypodontia, and a reduced number of eccrine glands, in addition to chronic rhinotracheitis and partial squamous metaplasia. Furthermore, for the first time in an ED1-deficient animal, a complete lack of respiratory mucous glands was observed. This suggests that the ED1 gene plays a role in the development of mucous glands, the absence of which resembles a feature of X-linked anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (ED1) in human patients.

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Boberach: Der Vorwurf, die evangelischen Geistlichen in Schleswig hätten sich durch Unterstützung des Widerstands gegen die Ansprüche des Königs von Dänemark an einer revolutionären Erhebung beteiligt, wird zurückgewiesen, Hofprediger Prof. Martensen in Kopenhagen um Verbreitung der Ansichten der Pfarrer in Dänemark gebeten

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Wentzke: 1. Rede, in der ersten preußischen Kammer in der Adreßdebatte am 8. Januar 1851 nicht gehalten: Scharfe Kritik der Politik des Novemberministeriums in der deutschen Frage; Aufzählung seiner Niederlagen. - 2. Rede, ebenda in der Schleswig-Holsteinischen Frage am 15. Februar gehalten: Angriff auf die Politik des Ministeriums

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Boberach: Für den Verfassungsstreit wird darauf hingewiesen, daß unter Beteiligung der Landstände gültige Reformen durchgeführt wurden wie Ablösung bäuerlicher Lasten, Gewerbesteuerermäßigung, Koalitionsfreiheit, Öffentlich- und Mündlichkeit der Strafrechtspflege mit Schwurgerichten, Aufhebung der Polizeigerichtsbarkeit, Mitwirkung der Landstände bei Ernennung von Oberrichtern

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Boberach: Ein Artillerieoffizier erhebt den Vorwurf, daß es in den Elbherzogtümern für die Soldaten und besonders die Offiziere der Karriere dienlich war, Preuße zu sein, und warnt die Schleswig-Holsteiner vor ihren preußischen "Freunden"; sie sollen den preußischen Einfluß in Schleswig-Holstein beseitigen

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Boberach: Auf eine ausführliche historische Schilderung der Rechtsverhältnisse von Schleswig und Holstein folgt die Darstellung der Ereignisse in den Elbherzogtümern bis zum 12. April 1848

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Boberach: Die Ereignisse werden unter dem Gesichtspunkt dargestellt, daß der Grundsatz der Volkssouveränität die Deutschen in Schleswig-Holstein berechtigt, die dänische Herrschaft abzulehnen und die Versuche der Dänisierung Ursache des Krieges waren