Author responsibilities in improving the quality of peer reviews: A rejoinder to Iivari (2016)

In this rejoinder to Iivari (2016), I discuss authors’ responsibilities in the process of ensuring quality reviews. I argue that one overlooked element in quality peer reviewing is authors’ unconstrained right to submit manuscripts in whatever form or quality they desire. As such, I suggest adding some constraints and offering more freedom to reviewers to maintain viability of the scholarly publication system. I offer three responses to Iivari’s suggestions and add two further suggestions for change.

On information technology competencies for collaborative organizational structures

There is an uptake of organizations involvement in collaborative organizational structures (COS). As the nature and level of information technology (IT) investment in COS will be similar, the COS IT competencies will leverage the IT investments to create the collaborative rent generating potential of the COS, which would then improve the business value of the COS members. Consistent with the resource-centric views of the firm, we suggest that the COS members need to contribute their managed IT competencies to their COS, whose synergies would create COS IT competencies. We suggest three key IT competencies for COS; proactive top management decision synergy, collaborative and agile IT infrastructure, and cross-functional tactical management synergy. Using survey data, we find evidence of a positive association between these COS IT competencies and the collaborative rent generating potential of the COS. We also find a positive association between the collaborative rent generating potential of the COS and the business value of the COS members. The results suggest that developing COS IT competencies add value to a COS and its members. This study provides guidance for organizations looking to leverage their involvement in a COS.

An assessment of m-health in developing countries using task technology fit model

Health challenges present arguably the most significant barrier to sustainable global development. The introduction of ICT in healthcare, especially the application of mobile communications, has created the potential to transform healthcare delivery by making it more accessible, affordable and effective across the developing world. However, current research into the assessment of mHealth from the perspective of developing countries particularly with community Health workers (CHWs) as primary users continues to be limited. The aim of this study is to analyze the contribution of mHealth in enhancing the performance of the health workers and its alignment with existing workflows to guide its utilization. The proposed research takes into account this consideration and aims to examine the task-technology alignment of mHealth for CHWs drawing upon the task technology fit as the theoretical foundation.

Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) for multi-objective design optimization of composite structures

In this paper, we present a generic method/model for multi-objective design optimization of laminated composite components, based on Vector Evaluated Artificial Bee Colony (VEABC) algorithm. VEABC is a parallel vector evaluated type, swarm intelligence multi-objective variant of the Artificial Bee Colony algorithm (ABC). In the current work a modified version of VEABC algorithm for discrete variables has been developed and implemented successfully for the multi-objective design optimization of composites. The problem is formulated with multiple objectives of minimizing weight and the total cost of the composite component to achieve a specified strength. The primary optimization variables are the number of layers, its stacking sequence (the orientation of the layers) and thickness of each layer. The classical lamination theory is utilized to determine the stresses in the component and the design is evaluated based on three failure criteria: failure mechanism based failure criteria, maximum stress failure criteria and the tsai-wu failure criteria. The optimization method is validated for a number of different loading configurations-uniaxial, biaxial and bending loads. The design optimization has been carried for both variable stacking sequences, as well fixed standard stacking schemes and a comparative study of the different design configurations evolved has been presented. Finally the performance is evaluated in comparison with other nature inspired techniques which includes Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Artificial Immune System (AIS) and Genetic Algorithm (GA). The performance of ABC is at par with that of PSO, AIS and GA for all the loading configurations. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Influence of cross-correlation between dipolar and chemical shift anisotropy relaxation mechanisms upon the transverse relaxation rates of 15N in macromolecules

Heteronuclear multiple-quantum coherence relaxation rate are calculated for the individual transitions of the S spin in an AIS nuclear spin system assuming that the heteronucleus (S spin) has relaxation contributions from both intramolecular dipole-dipole and chemical shift anisotropy relaxation. The individual multiplet components of the heteronuclear zero- and double-quantum coherences are shown to have different transverse relaxation rates. The cross-correlation between the two relaxation mechanisms is shown to be the dominant cause of the calculated differential line broadening. Experimental data are presented using as an example a uniformly 15N labelled sample of human epidermal growth factor.

Functional expression and subcellular localization of the Cl- cotransporters KCC2 and NKCC1 in rodent hippocampal and neocortical neurons

The work presented here has focused on the role of cation-chloride cotransporters (CCCs) in (1) the regulation of intracellular chloride concentration within postsynaptic neurons and (2) on the consequent effects on the actions of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) mediated by GABAA receptors (GABAARs) during development and in pathophysiological conditions such as epilepsy. In addition, (3) we found that a member of the CCC family, the K-Cl cotransporter isoform 2 (KCC2), has a structural role in the development of dendritic spines during the differentiation of pyramidal neurons. Despite the large number of publications dedicated to regulation of intracellular Cl-, our understanding of the underlying mechanisms is not complete. Experiments on GABA actions under resting steady-state have shown that the effect of GABA shifts from depolarizing to hyperpolarizing during maturation of cortical neurons. However, it remains unclear, whether conclusions from these steady-state measurements can be extrapolated to the highly dynamic situation within an intact and active neuronal network. Indeed, GABAergic signaling in active neuronal networks results in a continuous Cl- load, which must be constantly removed by efficient Cl- extrusion mechanisms. Therefore, it seems plausible to suggest that key parameters are the efficacy and subcellular distribution of Cl- transporters rather than the polarity of steady-state GABA actions. A further related question is: what are the mechanisms of Cl- regulation and homeostasis during pathophysiological conditions such as epilepsy in adults and neonates? Here I present results that were obtained by means of a newly developed method of measurements of the efficacy of a K-Cl cotransport. In Study I, the developmental profile of KCC2 functionality during development was analyzed both in dissociated neuronal cultures and in acute hippocampal slices. A novel method of photolysis of caged GABA in combination with Cl- loading to the somata was used in this study to assess the extrusion efficacy of KCC2. We demonstrated that these two preparations exhibit a different temporal profile of functional KCC2 upregulation. In Study II, we reported an observation of highly distorted dendritic spines in neurons cultured from KCC2-/- embryos. During their development in the culture dish, KCC2-lacking neurons failed to develop mature, mushroom-shaped dendritic spines but instead maintained an immature phenotype of long, branching and extremely motile protrusions. It was shown that the role of KCC2 in spine maturation is not based on its transport activity, but is mediated by interactions with cytoskeletal proteins. Another important player in Cl- regulation, NKCC1 and its role in the induction and maintenance of native Cl- gradients between the axon initial segment (AIS) and soma was the subject of Study III. There we demonstrated that this transporter mediates accumulation of Cl- in the axon initial segment of neocortical and hippocampal principal neurons. The results suggest that the reversal potential of the GABAA response triggered by distinct populations of interneurons show large subcellular variations. Finally, a novel mechanism of fast post-translational upregulation of the membrane-inserted, functionally active KCC2 pool during in-vivo neonatal seizures and epileptiform-like activity in vitro was identified and characterized in Study IV. The seizure-induced KCC2 upregulation may act as an intrinsic antiepileptogenic mechanism.

Evidence for follicle-stimulating hormone mediation in the hemiorchidectomy-induced compensatory increase in the function of the remaining testis of the adult male bonnet monkey (Macaca radiata)

Hemiorchidectomy (HO) in the adult male bonnet monkey results in a selective increase in circulating concentrations of FSH and testosterone, and this is accompanied by compensatory increase in sperm production by the remaining testis. We investigated the possible role of increased FSH concentration that occurs after HO in the compensatory increase in the activity of the remaining testis. Of eight adult male bonnet monkeys that underwent HO, four received i.v. injections every other day for 30 days of a well-characterized ovine FSH antiserum (a/s) that cross-reacts with monkey FSH. The remaining four males received normal monkey serum (NMS) as control treatment in a protocol similar to that employed for ais-treated males. Blood samples were collected between 2100 and 2200 h before and 1/2, 1, 3, 5, 7, 14, 22, and 29 days after HO. Testicular weight, number of 3 beta-hydroxy steroid dehydrogenase-positive (3 beta-HSD+) cells, and DNA flow cytometric analysis of germ cell populations were obtained for testes collected before and at the termination of NMS or ais treatment. In NMS-treated males, circulating serum FSH concentrations progressively increased to reach a maximal level by Day 7 after HO (1.95 +/- 0.3 vs. 5.6 +/- 0.7 ng/ml on Days -1 and 7, respectively). Within 30 min of ais injection, FSH antibodies were detected in circulation, and the antibody level was maintained at a constant level between Day 7 and end of treatment (exhibiting 50-60% binding to I-125-hFSH). Although circulating mean nocturnal serum testosterone concentration showed an initial decrease, it rose gradually to pre-HO concentrations by Day 7 in NMS-treated males. In contrast, nocturnal mat serum testosterone concentrations in a/s-treated males remained lower than in NMS-treated controls (p < 0.05) up to Day 22 and thereafter only marginally increased. Testicular weights increased (p < 0.05) over the pre-HO weight in NMS- but not in ais-treated males. After HO, the number of 3 beta-HSD+ cells (Leydig cells) was markedly increased but was significantly (p < 0.05) higher in NMS-treated males compared to a/s-treated males. A significant (p < 0.05) reduction in the primary spermatocyte population of germ cells was observed in ais-treated compared to NMS-treated males. These results suggest that the increased FSH occurring after HO could be intimately involved in increasing the compensatory functional activity of the remaining testis in the male bonnet monkey.

Pickup and delivery problem using metaheuristics techniques

Dial-a-ride problem (DARP) is an optimization problem which deals with the minimization of the cost of the provided service where the customers are provided a door-to-door service based on their requests. This optimization model presented in earlier studies, is considered in this study. Due to the non-linear nature of the objective function the traditional optimization methods are plagued with the problem of converging to a local minima. To overcome this pitfall we use metaheuristics namely Simulated Annealing (SA), Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Artificial Immune System (AIS). From the results obtained, we conclude that Artificial Immune System method effectively tackles this optimization problem by providing us with optimal solutions. Crown Copyright (C) 2011 Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

An Optimal Fuzzy Logic Controller tuned with Artificial Immune System

In this paper, a method for the tuning the membership functions of a Mamdani type Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC) using the Clonal Selection Algorithm(CSA) a model of the Artificial Immune System(AIS) paradigm is examined. FLC's are designed for two problems, firstly the linear cart centering problem and secondly the highly nonlinear inverted pendulum problem. The FLC tuned by AIS is compared with FLC tuned by GA. In order to check the robustness of the designed PLC's white noise was added to the system, further, the masses of the cart and the length and mass of the pendulum are changed. The PLC's were also tested in the presence of faulty rules. Finally, Kruskal Wallis test was performed to compare the performance of the GA and AIS. An insight into the algorithms are also given by studying the effect of the important parameters of GA and AIS.

Cooperative Communication of UAV to Perform Multi-task Using Nature Inspired Techniques

In this paper, the approach for assigning cooperative communication of Uninhabited Aerial Vehicles (UAV) to perform multiple tasks on multiple targets is posed as a combinatorial optimization problem. The multiple task such as classification, attack and verification of target using UAV is employed using nature inspired techniques such as Artificial Immune System (AIS), Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Virtual Bee Algorithm (VBA). The nature inspired techniques have an advantage over classical combinatorial optimization methods like prohibitive computational complexity to solve this NP-hard problem. Using the algorithms we find the best sequence in which to attack and destroy the targets while minimizing the total distance traveled or the maximum distance traveled by an UAV. The performance analysis of the UAV to classify, attack and verify the target is evaluated using AIS, PSO and VBA.

Empirical Analysis of Sampling Based Estimators for Evaluating RBMs

The Restricted Boltzmann Machines (RBM) can be used either as classifiers or as generative models. The quality of the generative RBM is measured through the average log-likelihood on test data. Due to the high computational complexity of evaluating the partition function, exact calculation of test log-likelihood is very difficult. In recent years some estimation methods are suggested for approximate computation of test log-likelihood. In this paper we present an empirical comparison of the main estimation methods, namely, the AIS algorithm for estimating the partition function, the CSL method for directly estimating the log-likelihood, and the RAISE algorithm that combines these two ideas.

Caracterização e desenvolvimento de argilas para aplicação em nanocompósitos poliméricos

O Brasil é produtor de argilas e conta com grandes reservas deste recurso natural. Porém, grande parte da sua produção é comercializada seca e moída. O desenvolvimento de argilas para seu uso como reforço em nanocompósitos poliméricos constitui uma opção para os produtores desta matéria prima que teriam assim um produto com maior valor agregado. Este trabalho visa avaliar o potencial uso como nanocarga de duas argilas nacionais provenientes da Bacia de Taubaté, São Paulo, denominadas ALIGRA e SANTA FÉ. As frações de tamanho de partícula médio menor de 0,02 mm, obtidas por peneiramento á úmido da argila homogeneizada e seca, foram utilizadas no desenvolvimento do trabalho experimental. Os estudos de caracterização, envolvendo análise granulométrica, química, mineralógica, morfológica, térmica e textural, revelaram características muito semelhantes em ambas às argilas. Fração argila, maior de 70% em massa. Composição química conforme a definição química de uma argila e os teores de seus componentes mostram valores intermédios entre as apresentadas pelas bentonitas e argila caulinítica usadas com fins de comparação. Ressaltamse boas propriedades adsorventes. Área superficial específica BET ao redor de 120 m2/g, valor maior do que o apresentado por muitas bentonitas naturais (74,5 m2/g). Predominantemente mesoporosas, com poros, maiormente em forma de fenda, característicos da estrutura em camadas das argilas. Baixa capacidade de troca catiônica, 12 meq/100g. Difratogramas de raios-X revelaram a predominância do estratificado ilita/esmectita, caulinita e quartzo na argila ALIGRA, e de ilita, caulinita e quartzo na argila SANTA FÉ. Prosseguiu-se com a argila ALIGRA a preparação da argila organofílica. A argila organofílica foi obtida por troca catiônica com o sal quaternário de amônio: cloro cetril trimetil amônio, depois de homogeneizada em sódio com cloreto de sódio. Análises FTIR e TGA indicaram que houve inserção dos cátions orgânicos. Testes preliminares foram feitas, preparando misturas das argilas com matriz de polipropileno e usando como agente compatibilizante polipropileno enxertado com anidrido maleico. Resultados de ensaios de tração reportam algumas melhoras nas propriedades testadas com as composições preparadas com as argilas purificadas. Com as composições com argilas organofílicas somente foi melhorado o alongamento na rotura. Estudos ais aprofundados são recomendados.

O sentido da amizade em Ferenczi: uma contribuição à clínica psiquiátrica

Esta tese examina o possível sentido atribuído por Ferenczi à amizade. São feitas considerações sobre o mesmo, a partir de um exame de relações pessoais de Ferenczi com alguns de seus pares, e no contexto de sua obra. A importância de uma reflexão sobre a amizade, sobretudo no campo psicanalítico da atualidade, se deve a uma preocupação sobre em relação ais desafios gerados no âmbito da clínica psicanalítica contemporânea. Considera-se que a liberdade dominante na cultura contemporânea contribui para a formação de subjetividades bastante resistentes à aceitação das condições mediante as quais a terapia psicanalítica costuma se desenvolver, ou seja, pela via da comunicação verbal. Por outro lado, a redução do senso de responsabilidade e da função crítica implicadas em escolhas e decisões, e observadas na contemporaneidade, se constituem em fatores adversos à situação analítica. Um dos aspectos da resistência então verificada deriva de uma formação egóica que pode ser caracterizada como tão plástica quanto rígida, cujo funcionamento opera de acordo com circunstâncias, e em função de os indivíduos não serem, na contemporaneidade, na verdade tão livres quanto a princípio se espera. Ferenczi, divergindo em parte de Freud, concede um maior destaque à importância dos afetos nas relações interpessoais, notadamente no âmbito terapêutico, de forma que enfatiza, por exemplo, a importância terapêutica da regressão e da contratransferência, para se lograr o equilíbrio da economia psíquica do analisado. Então, desde um destaque dado à implicação do afeto amizade em experimentações técnicas realizadas e nas considerações propostas por Ferenczi, esta tese situa o afeto amizade, experimentado pelo analista junto ao analisando, como uma variante importante na condução da cura analítica. Como suporte desta tematização, se recorre à Filosofia, no intuito de recensear alguns dos sentidos historicamente atribuído à amizade. O principal suporte bibliográfico utilizado é uma trilogia dedicada a este tema, pulicada por Francisco Ortega, em que aquele é investigado desde a Antiguidade até a Contemporaneidade. Outros filósofos, aos quais este autor recorre, são Derrida e Foucault. Assim, conclui-se ser recomendável que o analista não se mantenha alheio às condições culturais e aos valores que influem nos processos de subjetivação, nem tampouco distanciado do que envolve o sofrimento de seu analisando, não se furtando, portanto, a apresentar-se, em certa medida, como um artigo. Compreende-se, então, que é preciso que o analista se implique cada vez mais no processo analítico, apresentando-se também como uma amigo, à medida que esta postura possa se revelar terapêutica.

ICTs, globalization and local diversity

This paper is based on a panel discussion at the 2002 International Conference on Information Systems in Barcelona. Three panellists responded to a set of questions on the meaning of the term globalization to them, and the role of information and communications technologies (ICTs) in globalization processes. The panellists also highlighted the importance of local diversity in understanding globalization and ICTs, drawing from their varied research in contexts such as western country financial markets, health systems in Guatemala, and e-commerce in Mexico. A further output of the panel, and this paper, is the identification of key research questions and theories for future IS research in this important area.

A preliminary study on methods for retaining data quality problems in automatically generated test data

Data in an organisation often contains business secrets that organisations do not want to release. However, there are occasions when it is necessary for an organisation to release its data such as when outsourcing work or using the cloud for Data Quality (DQ) related tasks like data cleansing. Currently, there is no mechanism that allows organisations to release their data for DQ tasks while ensuring that it is suitably protected from releasing business related secrets. The aim of this paper is therefore to present our current progress on determining which methods are able to modify secret data and retain DQ problems. So far we have identified the ways in which data swapping and the SHA-2 hash function alterations methods can be used to preserve missing data, incorrectly formatted values, and domain violations DQ problems while minimising the risk of disclosing secrets. © (2012) by the AIS/ICIS Administrative Office All rights reserved.