Effect of long-term cryopreservation on physiological characteristics, antioxidant activities and lipid peroxidation of red seabream (Pagrus major) sperm

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of long-term cryopreservation on physiological characteristics, the antioxidant activities and lipid peroxidation of red seabream sperm which were respectively cryopreserved with 15% dimethylsulfoxide (Me2SO) for 1 month, 13 months, 26 months, 48 months and 73 months. The motility and fertility of post-thaw sperm decreased with the storage time going on. The highest motility (87.67 +/- 2.52%) was obtained in sperm cryopreserved for 1 month and the lowest (50.67 +/- 5.31%) was in sperm for 73 months. There were no significant differences (p < 0.05) in fertilization rates of sperm cryopreserved for 1 month (71.33 +/- 8.84%), 13 months (69.22 +/- 1.02%) and 26 months (60.33 +/- 2.33%); however, the sperm fertility decreased significantly for 48 months (47.22 +/- 3.89%) and 73 months (39.56 +/- 0.69%) storage. In addition, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities of sperm were at a stable level for less than 26 months storage, then, decreased significantly after 48 months storage. Catalase (CAT) activities of sperm cryopreserved for 13 months, 26 months, 48 months and 73 months were significantly lower than that for 1 month. There were no significant differences in the malondialdehyde (MDA) level of sperm for less than 13 months storage. After 26 months storage, the concentration of MDA increased significantly, and the highest concentration (3.22 +/- 0.05 nmol/mgprot) was obtained in 73 months storage sperm. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Studies on two coordination polymers [M(mu(4)-pz25dc)](n) (M = Cd or Zn, pz25dc=pyrazine-2,5-dicarboxylato) with three-dimensional pillared-layer three-nodal framework: Synthesis, structural characterization, strong optical non-linearities and optical limiting properties

Two isomorphous new candidates [M(mu(4)-pz25dc)](n) (M = Cd, 1; Zn, 2; pz25dc = pyrazine-2,5-dicarboxylato)for nonlinear optical (NLO) materials have been synthesized hydrothermally and characterized crystallographically as pillared-layer three-nodal frameworks with one four-connected metal nodes and two crystallographically different four-connected ligand nodes. Their optical non-linearities are measured by the Z-Scan technique with an 8 ns pulsed laser at 532 nm. These two coordination polymers both exhibit strong NLO absorptive abilities [alpha(2) = (63 +/- 6) x 10 (12) mW (1) 1, ( 46 +/- 6) x 10 (11) mW (1) 2] and effective self-focusing performance [n(2) = (67 +/- 5) x 10 (18) 1, (13 +/- 3) x 10 (18) m(2) W (1) 2] in 1.02 x 10 (4) 1 and 1.05 x 10 (4) mol dm (3) 2 DMF solution separately. The values of the limiting threshold are also measured from the optical limiting experimental data. The heavy atom effect plays important role in the enhancement of optical non-linearities and optical limiting properties. (C) 2009 Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved.

藏药细穗香薷挥发性化学成分的研究

研究细穗香薷(Elsholtzia ianthina)的挥发油成分.采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取,用气相色谱质谱联用技术进行分析,用面积归一法计算出有关的相对含量,鉴定出45个化合物,主要的挥发油化学成分为三环[4.3.1.13,8]十一烷-1-醇,2,3,5,6-四甲基酚,共占挥发油总量的56.29%.

大鸨生长期能量代谢和蛋白质沉积量的初步研究

对不同日龄笼养大鸨(Otis tarda)的能量代谢和蛋白质沉积量进行研究.结果表明,50日龄、70日龄、300日龄和400日龄雄性大鸨的能量日摄入量分别为1 498.9 kJ、2 376.2 kJ、2 397.4 kJ和2 465.9 kJ;能量代谢率分别为82.3%、81.8%、81.8%和83.1%;蛋白质的日沉积量分别为5.8 g、13.4 g、15.8 g和13.5 g. 表3 参9

栽培燕麦和野燕麦C-带核型比较

对1个六倍体栽培燕麦(A.sativa)健壮燕麦和3个六倍体野燕麦(A.fatua)通北燕麦、五台燕麦和日本燕麦进行了C-带核型比较,结果表明,栽培燕麦与野燕麦C-带带型基本相似,但同时在多个染色体上不同材料间又有C-带多态性存在,多态性C-带显现在1C,4C,5C,8,10,13,15,19,20号染色体上.此研究结果可为这些种质资源在燕麦遗传育种中的研究和利用提供细胞学依据.

海北高寒草甸植被在生长期辐射能量收支探讨

在晴天, 海北高寒草甸植被辐射的各收支项均有明显的日变化规律, 在中午13～14 h 最大。地表净辐射通量日变化在-158～ 499W·m- 2, 8～ 9 h 到18 h 地表面净得到热量, 地表处于吸热阶段, 18 h～ 翌晨8 h 区域净损失热量。反射率在早晨与傍晚最高, 13 h 左右最低。植物生长季的4～9月, 中午反射率约在0.20～0.22, 早晨与傍晚在0.24～ 0.49, 不同季节的3d 日平均反射率为0.25, 11h～ 15h 平均为0.21。

Study of a new derivatizing reagent that improves the analysis of amino acids by HPLC with fluorescence detection: application to hydrolyzed rape bee pollen

A simple and sensitive method for evaluating the chemical compositions of protein amino acids, including cystine (Cys)(2) and tryptophane (Try) has been developed, based on the use of a sensitive labeling reagent 2-(11H-benzo[alpha]-carbazol-11-yl) ethyl chloroformate (BCEC-Cl) along with fluorescence detection. The chromophore of the 1,2-benzo-3,4-dihydrocarbazole-ethyl chloroformate (BCEOC-Cl) molecule was replaced with the 2-(11H-benzo[alpha]-carbazol-11-yl) ethyl functional group, yielding the sensitive fluorescence molecule BCEC-Cl. The new reagent BCEC-Cl could then be substituted for labeling reagents commonly used in amino acid derivatization. The BCEC-amino acid derivatives exhibited very high detection sensitivities, particularly in the cases of (Cys)(2) and Try, which cannot be determined using traditional labeling reagents such as 9-fluorenyl methylchloroformate (FMOC-Cl) and ortho-phthaldialdehyde (OPA). The fluorescence detection intensities for the BCEC derivatives were compared to those obtained when using FMOC-Cl and BCEOC-Cl as labeling reagents. The ratios I (BCEC)/I (BCEOC) = 1.17-3.57, I (BCEC)/I (FMOC) = 1.13-8.21, and UVBCEC/UVBCEOC = 1.67-4.90 (where I is the fluorescence intensity and UV is the ultraviolet absorbance). Derivative separation was optimized on a Hypersil BDS C-18 column. The detection limits calculated from 1.0 pmol injections, at a signal-to-noise ratio of 3, ranged from 7.2 fmol for Try to 8.4 fmol for (Cys)(2). Excellent linear responses were observed, with coefficients of > 0.9994. When coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography, the method established here allowed the development of a highly sensitive and specific method for the quantitative analysis of trace levels of amino acids including (Cys)(2) and Try from bee-collected pollen (bee pollen) samples.

花岗岩型热液铀矿床C，O同位素研究——以粤北下庄铀矿田为例

下庄矿田是华南重要的热液铀矿产区，区内控矿条件复杂。研究选取下庄矿田部分矿床内热液碳酸盐样品并测定其C，O同位素组成：测定矿田北部的δ^13CPDB为-7．6‰～-8．4‰，δ^18CSMOW为12．1‰～13．2‰，而矿田南部测波动范围较大δ^13CPDB则为-3．1‰～-8．5‰，δOSMOW为10．4‰～14．1‰。进一步研究结果表明，成矿流体中矿化剂∑CO2主要来源于中新生代与区域深大断裂有关的幔源脱气作用，同时伴有壳源有机碳来源；成矿同时期伴随的强烈流体脱气（CO2）作用对矿质沉淀至关重要.

塔里木南缘元古代变质基性火山岩地球化学特征—古塔里木板块中元古代裂解的证据

超大陆裂解是当今地学研究最前沿课题。通过研究塔里木南缘铁克里克构造带前寒武纪变质火山岩的岩石化学特征、微量元素特征、稀土元素特征及Sm-Nd同位素特征，探讨古塔里木板块的中元古代大陆裂解构造事件。该套变质火山岩组合下部以变质酸性火山岩（流纹岩夹部分晶屑凝灰岩）为主，夹少量玄武岩，上部为玄武岩夹少量条带状大理岩。基性火山岩ω(SiO2)为42.34%-49.55%,ω（Na2O+K2O)为2.63%-8.81%。下部玄武岩ω(Na2O)/ω(K2O)值为0.54-1.5，为钾玄岩系列，稀土总量高，且轻稀土富集，平均ω（La)n/ω(Yb)n值为3.45,δ(Eu)为0.69-0.91，具弱至中等的Eu负异常，微量元素具有碱性板内玄武岩特征；上部玄武岩ω（Na2O)/ω(K2O)为5.11-17.89，为拉斑系列，轻重稀土没有明显分异，δ(Eu)在0.81-1.13之间，基本没有Eu异常，ω(La)n/ω(Yb)n平均为1.69,配分曲线与大洋拉斑玄武岩一致，微量元素显示LILE（如Rb、Ba、Th)富集，HFSE与大洋拉斑玄武岩一致。岩石地球化学反映从早到晚由碱性－钙碱系列逐渐向拉斑系列演化。在上部玄武岩中获得（1200±82.3)Ma的Sm-Nd等时线年龄。认为该套变质火山岩记录了古塔里木反块在中元古代大陆裂解的构造过程。

13万年以来洛川黄土剖面中营养元素的分布及演化规律

洛川剖面以其厚度大，沉积连续，并完整地记录了第四纪以来陆相环境、气候变化的信息而举世闻名，是陆相沉积序列中研究最为成熟的黄土剖面，被定为国际标准的黄土剖面。学者们对黄土剖面经过多年的研究，获得了许多宝贵的成果，例如，磁化率、粒度、地球化学等指标的建立，黄土物质来源问题的探讨，东亚季风变迁的研究，及大气环流模型的建立等等。这些成果在解释全球性尺度上的古气候变化以及在预测未来气候变化趋势上具有重要的理论指导意义。上述成果着重从物理和化学的角度来展开研究的，而如何从生物地球化学的角度来研究局部的气候环境变化及其对全球变化的响应问题，以便更好地弄清楚气候变化的机制、周期性及影响因素，预测未来气候的变化，科学防治环境污染，合理利用自然环境，促进人类社会进步呢。这是目前黄土研究中较薄弱的地方。因此，本文在前人工作的基础上，首次将营养元素的概念较系统地引入到黄土古气候的研究中来，初步讨论了营养元素（C，N，P，K）在洛川黄土剖面中的分布和演化规律，获得了如下凡点新的认识：1．13万年来洛川黄土剖面中有机碳的含量在0.14％-0.54％之间变化，平均含量为0.26％。在时间上，有机碳高一低值的变化特征对应不同的气候时期。干冷气候条件下形成的黄土L1有较低的有机碳含量，湿热气候条件下发育的古土壤有较高的有”机碳含量。在马兰黄土中，间冰阶形成的L1SS1中有机碳含量高于始冰阶和盛冰阶形成的L1LL1、L1LL2中的有机碳含量，表现出低的有机碳含量对应于冷期，高的有机碳含量对应于暖期。有机碳的这种变化特征，与磁化率的变化趋势一致，在一定程度上反映了不同时期植被的发育程度。通过洛川剖面（109°25′E，35°45·N）与段家坡剖面（109°12′E，34°25′N）有机碳的对比可知，在空间上，从黄土高原的西北到东南，同一时期黄土剖面中有机碳的含量呈逐渐增加的变化趋势，这与地理上的气候变化是一致的。因此，时空上有机碳的变化特征反映黄土高原地区东亚夏季风强弱周期性变化的特点。2．洛川黄土剖面中的氮由有机氮、固定钱态氮和速效态氮组成，其中前两者为主要部分，占总氮的95％以上。有机氮占总氮的55％-76％，在181μg·g-15689μg-1之，间变化平均值为299μg-1彭，其在剖面中的分布与有机碳极为相似，在黄土LI中有较低的有机氮，在古土壤S1中有较高的有机氮，并且在马兰黄土中，间冰阶形成的L1SS1中有机氮含量高于始冰阶和盛冰阶形成的L1LL1、L1LL2中的有机氮，其高一低值的分布与黄土一古土壤中冷一暖变化相互对应。有机氮的含量变化在一定程度上也反映了植被的生长发育程度，同样揭示了东亚夏季风对黄土高原的影响。速效性氮（交换性钱态氮和水溶性钱态氮）在洛川黄土剖面中的含量低，主要在Oμg·g-1-11.5μg·-1之间变化，在古土壤51和间冰阶时期形成的弱土壤化黄土LISSI中有较高的值，反映了速效性氮与土壤湿度和粘粒的含量有关。由于速效性氮和固定按态氮在黄土剖面中的振荡幅度不大，总氮的分布基本与有机氮一致，其在黄土剖面中的变化主要受有机氮变化的制约。3．黄土一古土壤层位中固定钱态氮占总氮的24％-43％，其含量在140μg·210μg·g-1之间变化。黄土层中的固定钱态氮含量低于相邻的古土壤。

Pentecost: Celebrating Our Gifts

sermon text; MS Word document

Love and the Spirit

sermon text; MS Word document

Freedom of the Spirit

sermon text; MS Word document

Risk factors for and estimated incidence of community-associated Clostridium difficile infection, North Carolina, USA.

We determined estimated incidence of and risk factors for community-associated Clostridium difficile infection (CA-CDI) among patients treated at 6 North Carolina hospitals. CA-CDI case-patients were defined as adults (>18 years of age) with a positive stool test result for C. difficile toxin and no hospitalization within the prior 8 weeks. CA-CDI incidence was 21 and 46 per 100,000 person-years in Veterans Affairs (VA) outpatients and Durham County populations, respectively. VA case-patients were more likely than controls to have received antimicrobial drugs (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 17.8, 95% confidence interval [CI] 6.6-48] and to have had a recent outpatient visit (aOR 5.1, 95% CI 1.5-17.9). County case-patients were more likely than controls to have received antimicrobial drugs (aOR 9.1, 95% CI 2.9-28.9), to have gastroesophageal reflux disease (aOR 11.2, 95% CI 1.9-64.2), and to have cardiac failure (aOR 3.8, 95% CI 1.1-13.7). Risk factors for CA-CDI overlap with those for healthcare-associated infection.

Phenotypical characterization in "Plasmopara halstedii" (sunflower downy mildew) isolates of several races

Phenotypic variation (morphological and pathogenic characters), and genetic variability were studied in 50 isolates of seven Plasmopara halstedii (sunflower downy mildew) races 100, 300, 304, 314, 710, 704 and 714. There were significant morphological, aggressiveness, and genetic differences for pathogen isolates. However, there was no relationship between morphology of zoosporangia and sporangiophores and pathogenic and genetic characteristics for the races used in our study. Also, our results provided evidence that no relation between pathogenic traits and multilocus haplotypes may be established in P. halstedii. The hypothesis explaining the absence of relationships among phenotypic and genetic characteristics is discussed.