Representações sociais de lei, justiça e injustiça: uma pesquisa com jovens argentinos e brasileiros utilizando a técnica de evocação livre de palavras

Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar as principais representações sociais de lei, justiça e injustiça apresentadas por jovens argentinos e brasileiros. O grupo de brasileiros constituiu-se de 621 pesquisandos, de três regiões distintas: Floriano/PI, Erechim/RS e Marília/SP. da Argentina, participaram 200 jovens da cidade de Avellaneda (região metropolitana de Buenos Aires). Os grupos foram proporcionalmente divididos conforme o tipo de escola (pública e particular) e o ano escolar freqüentado (8º ano do Ensino Fundamental e 3º ano do Ensino Médio, considerando-se os graus equivalentes na Argentina). O instrumento de coleta de dados constituiu-se de um questionário semidirigido, composto pela técnica de evocação livre de palavras. O procedimento utilizado para a avaliação dos resultados foi a Análise de Correspondência (ANACOR). Os resultados demonstraram variações importantes relacionadas à nacionalidade dos jovens e foram discutidos de forma a contextualizarem-se as representações apresentadas.

A formação de trabalhadores brasileiros: a experiência do Colégio Isabel

Colegio Isabel was a project that aimed to "civilize" the indigenous children who lived in the Vale do Araguaia region, Goias Province, to educate national workers and, progressively, incorporate the lands owned by the Indians in the productive process. Colegio Isabel allowed its students a marginal integration in the society, assigning them functions that the so called "civilized" people considered degrading. The egress students lived an ambiguous and marginal life, regarding the original ethnic groups and the adopted society.

O uso idiomático dos instrumentos de percussão brasileiros: principais sistemas notacionais para o pandeiro brasileiro

This article adresses the idiomatic use of Brazilian percussion instruments and their notation on compositions. It uses the Brazilian "pandeiro", which is the principal instrument of this category, to make a technical and comparative analysis of the two main notational systems for this instrument, which are the models developed by Luiz D'Anunciacao and the other by Carlos Stasi. It also includes suggestions to help the development of this notation. It gives a list and description of several method books that could help percussionists, composers and arrangers to deepen their knowledge of Brazilian percussion.

ANALISE MORFOLOGICA DE 'SPINA MENTALIS' DE MANDIBULAS HUMANAS ADULTAS DE BRASILEIROS BRANCOS E NEGROS

This study was carried out to verify the morphology of the spina mentalis. We observed 275 human adult mandibles of both sexes and ethnic groups. An analysis of the results allows the following conclusions. The spina mentalis exists in 90.04% ±1.8 of the mandibles of Whites and Negroes. The typical form with four tubercles, as described by some authors, is rarely found. In most cases it is characterized by the presence of: two upper tubercles (27.27%±7.2), two superior tubercles and one inferior (24.72%±6.7), and one elongated median tubercle (24.0%±6.6); The forms and volumes of the tubercles are very irregular and seem not to depend on age, sex or ethnic group. The spina was absent in 9.8%±3.2 of the cases, especially in mandibles of White teethless individuals. An hypertrophic spina mentalis, generally formed at the expense of the upper tubercle, was observed in only 1.45%±0.5 of the cases.

Avaliacao da atividade da nova cefalosporina de quarta geracao cefpiroma contra amostras clinicas isoladas em unidades de terapia intensiva e unidades de oncoematologia de varios hospitais brasileiros

Objective: To evaluate the in vitro activity of the fourth-generation cephalosporin cefpirome in comparison to that of ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, cefotaxime and imipenem in a multicenter study involving nine hospitals from six cities (four states). Material and methods: A total of 804 isolates from patients hospitalized in either intensive care units or Oncology/Hematology units was evaluated. The isolates were collected between June and November of 1995, i.e. before cefpirome became commercially available in Brazil, and susceptibility tested by broth microdilution following the NCCLS procedures. All isolates resistant to cefpirome were retested by B-test. Results: Against Enterobacteriaceae (n = 344), cefpirome demonstrated an activity 2 to 32-fold higher than that of the third-generation cephalosporins (TGCs) and similar to that of imipenem. The percentages of Enterobacteriaceae susceptible were: 88%, 69% and 96% for cefpirome, TGCs and imipenem, respectively, The cefpirome spectrum were greater or equal to that of imipenem against Citrobacter freundii, Enterobacter aerogenes, Morganellao morganii and Serratia marcescens. Against Acinetobacter sp. (n = 77), cefpirome was slightly more active than ceftazidime; however, the percentages of isolates resistant to these compounds were high (84% and 88%, respectively). The activities of cefpirome, ceftazidime and imipenem were very similar against P. aeruginosa isolates (n = 128), with MIC50 (μg/ml) percent susceptible of 8/59%, 8/62% and 4/62% respectively, Against aerobic gram-positive bacteria, the cefpirome activity was 4 to 16-fold higher than that of TGCs but 2 to 8-fold lower than that of imipenem. Conclusion: The results of our study suggest that, in Brazil, cefpirome has a spectrum of activity which is higher than that of the TGCs against aerobic gram-negative (Enterobacteriaceae and non-Enterobacteriaceae) and gram-positive bacteria and similar to that of imipenem against some Enterobacteriaceae species and P. aeruginosa.

Perfil da atividade de pesquisa publicada nos anais dos congressos brasileiros de pneumologia e tisiologia nos últimos vinte anos

Objective: To increase the knowledge base regarding pulmonology research in Brazil. Methods: A retrospective, observational study of the abstracts published in the Annals of the Brazilian Pulmonology and Phthisiology Conferences held from 1986 to 2004, quantifying the institutions of origin by geographic distribution and type, as well as categorizing the abstracts by study design and topic. Results: A total of 6467 abstracts were published. The institutions of origin were located, variously, in the Southeast (3870 abstracts), South (1309), Northeast (783), Central-West (267) and North (84). There were 94 abstracts originating from foreign institutions, especially from institutions in Portugal (56.3%) and the United States (13.8%). Most of the studies (5825) were conducted in public Brazilian institutions. There were 4234 clinical studies, 1994 case reports and 239 original research articles. A marked, progressive increase was observed in the number of clinical studies and case reports during the period evaluated. Overall, the most common themes were tuberculosis and other infections diseases (25.2%), following by oncology (11.6%), interstitial lung diseases (8.8%) and thoracic surgery (8.5%). Nevertheless, the number of abstracts on each topic varied widely from year to year. Conclusion: Public Brazilian institutions are the principal sources of pulmonology research in Brazil. Such research activity is concentrated in the southeastern part of the country. Case reports account for one-third of this activity. Although there was great variability in the subjects addressed, diseases that are highly prevalent in Brazil, such as tuberculosis and other infections diseases, were the most common topics.

Síndrome das pernas inquietas: Diagnóstico e tratamento. Opinião de especialistas Brasileiros

This article contains the conclusions of the November 17-18, 2006 meeting of the Brazilian Study Group of Restless Legs Syndrome (GBE-SPI) about diagnosis and management of restless legs syndrome (RLS). RLS is characterized by abnormal sensations mostly but not exclusively in the legs which worsen in the evening and are improved by motion of the affected body part. Its diagnosis is solely based on clinical findings. Therapeutic agents with efficacy supported by Class I studies are dopamine agonists, levodopa and gabapentine. Class II studies support the use of slow release valproic acid, clonazepan and oxycodone. The GBE-SPI recommendations for management of SPI are sleep hygiene, withdrawal of medications capable of worsening the condition, treatment of comorbidities and pharmacological agents. The first choice agents are dopaminergic drugs, second choice are gabapentine or oxycodone, and the third choice are clonazepan or slow release valproic acid.

Políticas para a retomada do crescimento: reflexões de economistas brasileiros

Prefacio de Renato Baumann

Relatório de pesquisa: avaliaçao dos critérios de sustentabilidade dos financiamentos apoiados pelos fundos constitucionais brasileiros

Incluye Bibliografía

Flexibilidade e segurança no mercado de trabalho: a busca da melhoria da proteçao social dos trabalhadores brasileiros

Incluye Bibliografía

A variedade léxica da língua espanhola em dicionários bilíngues espanhol-português para aprendizes brasileiros

Due to factors such as globalization and the demography of Hispanic countries, the Spanish language has influenced worldwide, especially since the last decade of the 20th century, mainly countries which are geographically close to Spanish American countries, such as Brazil. In this context, it is necessary to think of the linguistic variation of the Spanish language, in which we emphasize the lexical variation. As any language, Spanish has a colossal and wealthy lexicon with different varieties related to the characteristics from each region: history, culture, customs etc. This diversity influences the development, the amplification and the renewal of a language, as well as the teaching-learning process. Thus, we proposed to analyze the lexicon varieties of Spanish language entries in some Spanish-Portuguese bilingual dictionaries for Brazilian learners. In order to achieve this goal, we selected some examples of lexical variety in a corpus organized with texts of different textual genres and we verified if these lexical items are registered in the dictionaries chosen. As the corpus is organized from texts present in didactic manuals used in Brazil, our goal is to verify if the vocabulary which the Brazilian learner has contact in formal education is registered in the analyzed dictionaries.

Estimativa de alguns parâmetros de transporte de contaminantes para solos Brasileiros

This paper introduces an indirect estimate for the coefficients of distribution, hydrodynamic dispersion and retardation for contaminants commonly encountered in sanitary landfills and their liners, such as Cu2+ and K+; this estimate is based on the relationship between concentration and certain physical characteristics of typical Brazilian soils. The results of previous studies investigating the migration of contaminants were used to develop mathematical expressions from multiple non-linear regressions. Using minimal squares regression, this transport was linked to various combinations of contaminant concentration and both structural and textural characteristics of the porous medium. Various combinations of characteristics and concentrations were investigated, with a mathematical expression obtained for each. The relationship between percentage of clay and the contaminant content proved to be the most closely correlated with actual transport parameters, with coefficients close to one.

Brasileiros Ilustres: Letras, armas, virtudes

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Características aeróbias e anaeróbias de mesatenistas brasileiros treinados

O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar, em mesatenistas bem treinados, as aptidões aeróbia e anaeróbia. Participaram do presente estudo oito mesatenistas brasileiros treinados do sexo masculino (18±2 anos). Os sujeitos foram submetidos a um teste incremental específico para determinação do consumo pico de oxigênio (VO2PICO), intensidade associada ao VO2PICO (iVO2PICO) e do ponto de compensação respiratório (PCR) e a dois testes de esforço repetitivo, sendo o teste de RAST e o índice anaeróbio alático (IAA), para determinação dos índices anaeróbios. O VO2PICO correspondeu a 50,5±4,4ml kg-1 min-1 , a iVO2PICO a 52,1±9,6 bolas min-1 e o PCR a 44,9±8,0 bolas min-1. No RAST, a potência pico (PP) e a potência média (PM) relativa corresponderam a 9,0±1,3W kg-1 e 7,0±0,9W kg-1, respectivamente, enquanto que o IAA foi 1,14±0,51 mM/m s-1 . Esses valores de VO2PICO e dos parâmetros anaeróbios quando comparados a valores de outros esportes com raquetes caracterizaram que mesatenistas brasileiros treinados apresentam potência aeróbia moderada e potência anaeróbia é baixa.