952 resultados para anomalous Eu3 5D0->F-7(0) transition
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Dissertao apresentada como requisito parcial para obteno do grau de Mestre em Estatstica e Gesto de Informao
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BACKGROUND: Geographical differences in asthma prevalence are currently accepted, but evidence is sparse due to the lack of multicentre studies using the same protocol. OBJECTIVES: To compare the prevalence of asthma and atopy among schoolchildren from Portuguese speaking countries (ISAAC and Portuguese Study) and evaluate some environmental variables, such as house dust mite exposure. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Significant random samples of schoolchildren studied with standard validated methods--questionnaires, skin prick tests, methacholine bronchial challenge tests; dust bed sampling for analysis of mite antigens. RESULTS: In the ISAAC study, in the 13-14 year-old age group, statistical significant differences were found, with higher wheezing prevalence in Brazil than in Portugal (two-fold). In the Portuguese Study, atopy prevalence ranged between 6.0 and 11.9% in Sal and S. Vicente (Cape Verde), up to 48.6 and 54.1% in Macau and Madeira. Active asthma had the higher values in Madeira (14.6%), and the lower in Macau (1.3%). Cape Verde had intermediate asthma prevalence (10.6 and 7.0%). The bronchial challenge test was positive in 25, 66 and 70% of asthmatic children from Sal, S. Vicente and Madeira respectively. Significant HDM antigen concentrations (Der p1) were found in Cape Verde and Madeira. CONCLUSIONS: There are significant variations in asthma and atopy prevalence between these pediatric populations. The reasons remain under discussion, but genetics linked to race, seem to play a central role, modulated by environmental and lifestyle variables.
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Nursing home-acquired pneumonia (NHAP) is one of the most common infections arising amongst nursing home residents, and its incidence is expected to increase as population ages. The NHAP recommendation for empiric broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy, arising from the concept of healthcare-associated pneumonia, has been challenged by recent studies reporting low rates of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria. This single center study analyzes the results of NHAP patients admitted through the Emergency Department (ED) at a tertiary center during the year 2010. There were 116 cases, male gender corresponded to 34.5% of patients and median age was 84years old (IQR 77-90). Comorbidities were present in 69.8% of cases and 48.3% of patients had used healthcare services during the previous 90days. In-hospital mortality rate was 46.6% and median length-of-stay was 9days. Severity assessment at the Emergency Department provided CURB65 index score and respective mortality (%) results: zero: n=0; one: n=7 (0%); two: n=18 (38.9%); three: n=26 (38.5%); four: n=30 (53.3%); and five; n=22 (68.2%); and sepsis n=50 (34.0%), severe sepsis n=43 (48.8%) and septic shock n=22 (72.7%). Significant risk factors for in-hospital mortality in multivariate analysis were polypnea (p=0.001), age75years (p=0.02), and severe sepsis or shock (p=0.03) at the ED. Microbiological testing in 78.4% of cases was positive in 15.4% (n=15): methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (26.7%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (20.0%), S. pneumoniae (13.3%), Escherichia coli (13.3%), others (26.7%); the rate of MDR bacteria was 53.3%. This study reveals high rates of mortality and MDR bacteria among NHAP hospital admissions supporting the use of empirical broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy in these patients.
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Procedeu-se a um levantamento coproscpico em alunos de 8 a 15 anos, pertencentes a 3 escolas do Alto da Boa Vista. De 155 alunos examinados, encontraram-se 4 casos positivos (2,6%) de esquistossomose. Entre 25 familiares destes, encontraram-se outros 4 casos positivos (16%). Havia na rea uma populao de Biomphalaria tenagophila (Orbigny, 1835), amplamente distribuda nas valas de irrigao de hortas de agrio, ligadas ao rio das Fumas. A taxa de infeco dos moluscos foi de 7 (0,29%) em 2.400 examinados. Comparando-se estes resultados com dados anteriores, observa-se que a prevalncia da esquistossomose se mantm no Alto da Boa Vista h pelo menos 15 anos.
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Dissertao para obteno do Grau de Mestre em Energia e Bioenergia
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Como parte de um estudo pr-teraputico da infeco chagsica crnica, a parasitemia de 206pacientes (85 homens e 121 mulheres, com idades de 7 a 80 anos, mdia de 37,4 14,6) do municpio de Virgem da Lapa, Minas Gerais, foi avaliada pelo ndice de ninfas de triatomneos infectadas nos xenodiagnsticos aplicados. Cada paciente foi submetido a trs exames no perodo de 12 meses. Em cada exame foram aplicadas 40 ninfas de 3. ou 4. estdios de Triatoma infestans. A parasitemia de cada paciente foi classificada arbitrariamente, de acordo com o percentual de ninfas positivas no total de examinadas nos trs xenos, em: no detectada - todas as ninfas negativas; baixa - quando o valor era maior que zero ou at igual a 2,0%; mdia - quando maior que 2,0% ou at igual a 7,0%; e alta- quando era maior que 7,0%. Com esses critrios a parasitemia no foi detectada em 105 (51,0%) pacientes, foi baixa em 55 (26,7%), mdia em 27 (13,1%) e alta em 19 (9,2%). No houve diferena nos nveis da parasitemia em relao ao sexo dos pacientes, mas em relao aos grupos etrios foi maior a freqncia da parasitemia baixa no grupo de 60 ou mais anos. A parasitemia alta foi mais freqente no grupo de pacientes com cardiopatia crnica chagsica. A "parasitemia persistente" (todos os xenopositivos) foi observada em todos os pacientes com parasitemia alta, em 22,2% dos que apresentaram parasitemia mdia e em nenhum com parasitemia baixa.
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Dissertao apresentada como requisito parcial para obteno do grau de Mestre em Estatstica e Gesto de Informao
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Dissertao para obteno do Grau de Mestre em Tecnologia e Segurana Alimentar
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Foram coletadas, entre maro de 1990 e julho de 1992, 1459 amostras sanguneas de mulheres gestantes/parturientes na cidade de Goinia-GO, objetivando deteco da infeco pelo vrus da hepatite B (VHB), atravs dos marcadores sorolgicos AgHBs e anti-HBs. O percentual depositividade encontrado, pelo teste imunoenzimtico, foi de 7,5%, sendo 0,5%para AgHBs e 7,0%para anti-HBs. A anlise efetuada, considerando a faixa etria, mostra que 7 de 8 mulheres AgHBs-positivas pertenciam faixa etria de at 30 anos, situao semelhante em relao ao anti-HBs(83/101). Das 8 mulheres positivas, 4 tiveram seus recm-nascidos submetidos a tratamento profiltico com vacina (Engerix B) e imunoglobulina humana anti-hepatite B (HBIG). Alm disso, 3 dessas crianas foram analisadas sorologicamente, sendo que uma era AgHBs-positiva ao nascimento. Doena sexualmente transmissvel e transfuso sangunea foram fatores de risco que coirelacionaram significantemente com a infeco. Esses resultados parece-nos reforar a indicao de triagem infeco pelo vrus da hepatite B no perodo pr-natal, assim como a adoo de medidas imunoprofilticas nas crianas nascidas de mes positivas.
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The frequency and description of side effects secondaiy to the subcutaneous application of SPf66 malaria vaccine and placebo are reported for each dose of application in the participants of the vaccine efficacy trial in Brazil. Side effects evaluated two hours after each application were detected in 8.0%, 30.2% and 8.8%, for the Is', and 3"' dose, respectively, in the SPf66group, and in 7.0%, 8.5% and 2.9% in the placebo group. Local reactions such as mild inflammation, nodule and pain or erythema frequently accompanied by pruritus were the most common reactions detected in both groups (3-8%, 29.1% and 8.5% in the SPf66 group and 4.0%, 7.6% and 2.5% in the placebo group). Among vaccinees, local side effects after the 2nd dose were more frequent in females. Systemic side effects were expressed mainly through general symptoms referred by the participants and were most frequent after the 1st dose in both groups (4.3% in the SPf66 group and 3-0% in the placebo group). Muscle aches and fever were refewred by few participants. No severe adverse reactions were detected for either dose of application or group.
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Os autores apresentam 17 casos de toxoplasmose aguda sintomtica adquirida pela ingesto de carne crua de carneiro, servida em uma festa qual todos os pacientes compareceram. Em relao ao quadro clnico, o perodo de incubao da doena variou de 6 a 13 dias (10,9 7,0) e 16 (94,5%) pacientes apresentaram febre, cefalia, mialgia, artralgia e adenomegalia (cervical ou cervical/axilar). Outros sinais clnicos encontrados foram: hepatomegalia em 6 pacientes, esplenomegalia em 4 e exantema em 2. Um paciente apresentou quadro clnico de corioretinite, confirmada atravs de exame oftalmolgico. Todos os pacientes apresentavam ttulos sricos de anticorpos especficos (IgG e IgM) que evidenciavam fase aguda de toxoplasmose, pela Reao de Imunofluorescncia Indireta. Todos os pacientes foram tratados especificamente e houve boa resposta clnica e laboratorial ao tratamento.
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Foram comparados o estado nutricional e parmetros do metabolismo do ferro de adultos HIV-positivos, com ou sem resposta de fase aguda (RFA). Adultos HIV-positivos (n = 29) submeteram-se a antropometria, recordatrio alimentar e determinao srica de albumina, protena C reativa (PCR), ferritina e capacidade total de ligao do ferro (CTLF), alm de creatinina urinria. Infeco mais PCR > 7mg/dl foram critrios de positividade da RFA. ndice de massa corporal (IMC < 18,5kg/m2) e ndice creatinina-altura (ICA < 70%) definiram subnutrio. Subnutrio (77,8 vs 40%) e tuberculose pulmonar (44,4 vs 9,5%) foram mais freqentes nos pacientes RFA-positivos, que tambm apresentaram menores nveis de albumina (3,7 0,9 vs 4,3 0,9g/dl), CTLF (165,8 110,7 vs 265,9 74,6mg/dl) e hemoglobina (10,5 1,8 vs 12,6 2,3g/dl). A ingesto de ferro foi adequada e similar entre RFA-positivos e RFA-negativos, o mesmo ocorrendo, respectivamente, quanto ferritina srica (mediana; variao, 568; 45,3-1814 vs 246; 18,4-1577ng/ml). Pacientes HIV-positivos com resposta de fase aguda so nutricionalmente mais comprometidos e tm anemia que parece no depender da ingesto recente de ferro.
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Com o objetivo de caracterizar a situao epidemiolgica da filariose linftica em Belm-PA foram analisados dados dos inquritos hemoscpicos de 1951 a 2003. As informaes do perodo de 1951 a 1994 foram coletadas de relatrios disponibilizados pela Fundao Nacional de Sade. Os dados de 1995 a 2003 foram obtidos atravs de inquritos realizados em 62 bairros, dos oito distritos administrativos da cidade. Observou-se uma queda aprecivel ao longo dos anos nos ndices de microfilarmicos. As percentagens de parasitados nas dcadas de 1950, 1960, 1970, 1980 e 1990, foram respectivamente: 8,2%, 2,6%, 0,7%, 0,16% e 0,02%. Em 2001, foi diagnosticado um nico microfilarmico, interrompendo uma srie de dois anos sem registro de exames positivos na cidade. Em 2002 e 2003, inquritos hemoscpicos e entomolgicos foram realizados, simultaneamente, no sendo detectados indivduos microfilarmicos ou mosquitos infectados. Para manter essa tendncia, medidas de vigilncia devem ser observadas, a fim de detectar e tratar precocemente pacientes, para evitar o risco de ressurgimento dos focos, aparentemente j controlados.
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AraL from Bacillus subtilis is a member of the ubiquitous haloalkanoate dehalogenase, HAD, superfamily. The araL gene has been cloned, over-expressed in Escherichia coli and its product purified to homogeneity. The enzyme displays phosphatase activity, which is optimal at neutral pH (7.0) and 65 C. Substrate screening and kinetic analysis showed AraL to have low specificity and catalytic activity towards several sugar phosphates, which are metabolic intermediates of the glycolytic and pentose phosphate pathways. Based on substrate specificity and gene context within the arabinose metabolic operon, a putative physiological role of AraL in detoxification of accidental accumulation of phosphorylated metabolites has been proposed. The ability of AraL to catabolise several related secondary metabolites requires regulation at the genetic level. Here, by site- directed mutagenesis, we show that AraL production is regulated by a structure in the translation initiation region of the mRNA, which most probably blocks access to the ribosome-binding site, preventing protein synthesis. Members of HAD subfamily IIA and IIB are characterised by a broad-range and overlapping specificity that anticipated the need for regulation at the genetic level. In this study we provide evidence for the existence of a genetic regulatory mechanism controlling AraL production.
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INTRODUCTION: The purpose of this study was to evaluate risk factors for physical disability at the moment of leprosy diagnosis. METHODS: This is a retrospective, descriptive and exploratory investigation of 19,283 patients with leprosy, registered in the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil, between 2000 and 2005. RESULTS: The risk of Grade 2 disability was 16.5-fold higher in patients with lepromatous leprosy, and 12.8-fold higher in patients presenting the borderline form, compared to patients presenting indeterminate leprosy. The occurrence of more than one thickened nerve increased the odds of a patient developing Grade 2 disability, 8.4-fold. Age <15 years, multibacillary leprosy and no formal education presented 7.0, 5.7 and 5.6 odds of developing physical disability, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: These factors should be considered as strong prognostic indicators in the development of physical disability at diagnosis.