La importància de les accions a pilota aturada en el futbol professional

L’objectiu del present estudi va consistir en estudiar el percentatge de gols a pilota aturada de la Lliga BBVA i la Premier League, establint el percentatge d’efectivitat de cadascuna d’elles. A més, es volia analitzar la freqüència de les diferents tipus d’accions a pilota aturada i substituir el terme estratègia per accions a pilota aturada. Amb aquest objectiu es van analitzar 80 partits disputats per equips de futbol professional en la temporada 2012-13 de la Lliga BBVA i la Premier League mitjançant l’anàlisi de vídeos. Les variable dependent era la consecució o no del gol, tenint com a variables independents 4 tipus d’accions a pilota aturada: tirs lliures directes, tirs lliures indirectes, córners i penals. Els resultats indiquen un major número de gols provinents d’accions a pilota aturada en la Lliga BBVA que en la Premier League, 29,8% per un 23,4% respectivament. Tot i això, s’ha comprovat com els percentatges d’efectivitat són pràcticament idèntics: 4,54% a la Lliga BBVA i 4,58% a la Premier League. Finalment, s’ha identificat el córner com l’acció que més es produeix en el joc, seguit de les faltes directes, els penals i les faltes indirectes.

Characterization of OsMIK in a rice mutant with reduced phytate content reveals an insertion of a rearranged retrotransposon.

The rice low phytic acid (lpa) mutant Os-lpa-XS110-1(XS-lpa) has ~45 % reduction in seed phytic acid (PA) compared with the wild-type cultivar Xiushui 110. Previously, a single recessive gene mutation was shown to be responsible for the lpa phenotype and was mapped to a region of chromosome 3 near OsMIK (LOC_Os03g52760) and OsIPK1 (LOC_Os03g51610), two genes involved in PA biosynthesis. Here, we report the identification of a large insert in the intron of OsMIK in the XS-lpa mutant. Sequencing of fragments amplified through TAIL-PCRs revealed that the insert was a derivative of the LINE retrotransposon gene LOC_Os03g56910. Further analyses revealed the following characteristics of the insert and its impacts: (1) the inserted sequence of LOC_Os03g56910 was split at its third exon and rejoined inversely, with its 5' and 3' flanking sequences inward and the split third exon segments outward; (2) the LOC_Os03g56910 remained in its original locus in XS-lpa, and the insertion probably resulted from homologous recombination repair of a DNA double strand break; (3) while the OsMIK transcripts of XS-lpa and Xiushui 110 were identical, substantial reductions of the transcript abundance (~87 %) and the protein level (~60 %) were observed in XS-lpa, probably due to increased methylation in its promoter region. The above findings are discussed in the context of plant mutagenesis, epigenetics and lpa breeding.

Airborne exposures to monoethanolamine, glycol ethers, and benzyl alcohol during professional cleaning: a pilot study

A growing body of epidemiologic evidence suggests an association between exposure to cleaning products and respiratory dysfunction. Due to the lack of quantitative assessments of respiratory exposures to airborne irritants and sensitizers among professional cleaners, the culpable substances have yet to be identified.Purpose: Focusing on previously identified irritants, our aims were to determine (i) airborne concentrations of monoethanolamine (MEA), glycol ethers, and benzyl alcohol (BA) during different cleaning tasks performed by professional cleaning workers and assess their determinants; and (ii) air concentrations of formaldehyde, a known indoor air contaminant. METHODS: Personal air samples were collected in 12 cleaning companies, and analyzed by conventional methods. RESULTS: Nearly all air concentrations [MEA (n = 68), glycol ethers (n = 79), BA (n = 15), and formaldehyde (n = 45)] were far below (<1/10) of the corresponding Swiss occupational exposure limits (OEL), except for ethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether (EGBE). For butoxypropanol and BA, no OELs exist. Although only detected once, EGBE air concentrations (n = 4) were high (49.48-58.72mg m(-3)), and close to the Swiss OEL (49mg m(-3)). When substances were not noted as present in safety data sheets of cleaning products used but were measured, air concentrations showed no presence of MEA, while the glycol ethers were often present, and formaldehyde was universally detected. Exposure to MEA was affected by its amount used (P = 0.036), and spraying (P = 0.000) and exposure to butoxypropanol was affected by spraying (P = 0.007) and cross-ventilation (P = 0.000). CONCLUSIONS: Professional cleaners were found to be exposed to multiple airborne irritants at low concentrations, thus these substances should be considered in investigations of respiratory dysfunctions in the cleaning industry; especially in specialized cleaning tasks such as intensive floor cleaning.

Colorectal polypectomy during insertion and withdrawal or only during withdrawal? A randomized controlled trial.

BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS: Removal of colorectal polyps is routinely performed during withdrawal of the endoscope. However, polyps detected during insertion of the colonoscope may be missed at withdrawal. We aimed to evaluate whether polypectomy during both insertion and withdrawal increases polyp detection and removal rates compared with polypectomy at withdrawal only, and to assess the duration of both approaches. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients were included into the study when the first polyp was detected, and randomized into two groups; in group A, polyps ≤ 10 mm in diameter were removed during insertion and withdrawal of the colonoscope, while in group B, these polyps were removed at withdrawal only. Main outcome measures were duration of colonoscopy, number of polyps detected during insertion but not recovered during withdrawal, technical ease, patient discomfort, and complications. RESULTS: 150 patients were randomized to group A and 151 to group B. Mean (± standard deviation [SD]) duration of colonoscopy did not differ between the groups (30.8 ± 15.6 min [A] vs. 28.5 ± 13.8 min [B], P = 0.176). In group A 387 polyps (mean 2.58 per colonoscopy) were detected and removed compared with 389 polyps detected (mean 2.58 per colonoscopy) in group B of which 376 were removed (13 polyps were missed, mean size [SD] 3.2 [1.3] mm; 7.3 % of patients). Patient tolerance was similar in the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: Removal of polyps ≤ 10 mm during withdrawal only is associated with a considerable polyp miss rate. We therefore recommend that these polyps are removed during both insertion and withdrawal.

A Compilation of the Bioscience Professional Development Opportunities Offered to K-12 Teachers in Iowa, September 14, 2005

Professional development opportunities are offered piecemeal to K-12 teachers in Iowa through Area Education Agencies (AEAs), Regents’ institutions, community colleges, private colleges, private corporations, and out-of-state institutions (often online). Compiling a comprehensive list of in-service and pre-service opportunities for primary and secondary public school educators is not feasible for a variety of reasons. However, this report briefly summarizes most of the bioscience-related options for professional development available for K-12 educators this summer and over the past year.

Pratiques d'utilisation et d'appropriation d'un dispositif d'aide à l'insertion : le cas du contrat emploi-solidarité

C'est à travers l'analyse d'une politique publique d'aide à l'emploi (le contrat emploi solidarité) que nous avons exploré les mécanismes d'insertion professionnelle d'hommes et de femmes privés d'emploi. La sur-représentation des femmes dans ce dispositif, comme dans ceux les plus éloignés de l'emploi, nous a amené à inscrire notre raisonnement dans une problématique de rapports sociaux de sexe. C'est-à-dire que nous faisons l'hypothèse que les pratiques des opérateurs de terrain s'appuyant sur les assignations de sexe, produisent un traitement différencié des politiques d'insertion entre les hommes et les femmes. Celui-ci se caractérise notamment par la non prise en compte des difficultés et des besoins spécifiques des femmes et par une absence de novation dans les formations qui leur sont proposées. Les logiques institutionnelles ainsi à l'oeuvre contribuent implicitement à un renforcement des inégalités entre les sexes et à une reproduction de la division sexuelle du travail déjà observée sur le marché de l'emploi

La FP ha de dur a la universitat? La formació professional compleix uns objectius diferents al batxillerat.

Alumnes de formació professional copen els graus dedicats a formar el professorat. La irrupcio d'estudiants de FP deixa fora de la universitat alguns batxillers.

Chaotic dynamics and team effectiveness: evidence from professional basketball

Considering teams as complex adaptive systems (CAS) this study deals with changes in team effectiveness over time in a specific context: professional basketball. The sample comprised 23 basketball teams whose outcomes were analysed over a 12-year period according to two objective measures. The results reveal that all the teams showed chaotic dynamics, one of the key characteristics of CAS. A relationship was also found between teams showing low-dimensional chaotic dynamics and better outcomes, supporting the idea of healthy variability in organizational behaviour. The stability of the squad was likewise found to influence team outcomes, although it was not associated with the chaotic dynamics in team effectiveness. It is concluded that studying teams as CAS enables fluctuations in team effectiveness to be explained, and that the techniques derived from nonlinear dynamical systems, developed specifically for the study of CAS, are useful for this purpose.

Target joining of duplicated insertion sequence IS21 is assisted by IstB protein in vitro.

Tandemly repeated insertion sequence IS21, located on a suicide plasmid, promoted replicon fusion with bacteriophage lambda in vitro in the presence of ATP. This reaction was catalyzed in a cell extract containing the 45-kDa IstA protein (cointegrase) and the 30-kDa IstB helper protein of IS21 after both proteins had been overproduced in Escherichia coli. Without IstB, replicon fusion was inefficient and did not produce the 4-bp target duplications typical of IS21.

Membrane insertion and antibody recognition of a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored protein: an optical study.

The kinetics of binding of a glycolipid-anchored protein (the promastigote surface protease, PSP) to planar lecithin bilayers is studied by an integrated optics technique, in which the bilayer membrane is supported on an optical wave guide and the phase velocities of guided light modes in the wave guide are measured. From these velocities, the optical parameters of the membrane and PSP layers deposited on the waveguide are determined, yielding in particular the mass of PSP bound to the membrane, which is followed in real time. From a comparison of the binding rates of PSP and PSP from which the lipid moiety has been removed, it is shown that the lipid moiety plays a key role in anchoring the protein to the membrane. Specific and nonspecific binding of antibodies to membrane-anchored PSP is also investigated. As little as a fifth of a monolayer of PSP is sufficient to suppress the appreciable nonspecific binding of antibodies to the membrane.

Analysing Professional Discourse in Interactive Learning: Integrating Historical and Situational Perspectives

Peer-reviewed