Poliittisten ilmausten kääntäminen House of Cards -televisiosarjassa

Tässä pro gradu -tutkielmassani tutkin, miten Yhdysvaltain poliittiseen järjestelmään liittyvät ilmaukset on käännetty erään tv-sarjan ranskan- ja suomenkielisiin tekstityksiin. Tutkimusaineistona on amerikkalainen tv-sarja House of Cards, jonka on alun perin julkaissut suoratoistopalvelu Netflix. Suomenkieliset tekstitykset on kerätty Suomen Netflixistä, ranskankieliset amazon.com -sivulta ostetulta DVD:ltä. Tutkimuskohteena ovat ilmauksissa käytetyt käännösstrategiat. Oletan, että ilmaukset on käännetty joko virallisia vastineita hyväksi käyttäen tai yleistämällä. Pohjaan tutkimuksen Pedersenin (2011, 75) käännösstrategialuokitteluun. Valitsin aiheen, koska olen kiinnostunut poliittisista järjestelmistä ja halusin tietää, millä tavoin tietyn valtion politiikkaan liittyvät ilmaukset on käännetty hyvin perinteisen valtavirtaisen saippuasarjan tekstityksiin. Teoriaosuudessa esittelen tutkimukseen liittyvien maiden poliittiset järjestelmät tai lähinnä hieman niiden toimintaa sekä pääinstituutiot. Tämä auttaa lukijaa ymmärtämään paremmin tv-sarjassa käytettyjä ilmauksia. Poliittisten järjestelmien selvitys osoittaa myös itse tutkimuksessa, onko niiden eroilla vaikutusta käännöksiin. Lisäksi kerron audiovisuaalisesta kääntämisestä, vertailen dubbausta ja tekstittämistä sekä erittelen tekstittämisen haasteita. Varsinkin tekniikan luomat rajoitteet kuten tilanpuute vaikuttavat lopputulokseen. Lopulta käyn läpi, mitä ovat käännösstrategiat, millä tavoin ne vaikuttavat käännökseen ja miten niitä on luokiteltu. Lopuksi vertailen luokitteluja ja kerron, miksi pohjasin tutkimukseni Pedersenin (2011, 75) luokitteluun. Tutkimuksessa esittelen ilmausten kääntämistä käännösstrategioiden kautta. Kuten oletinkin, moniin ilmauksiin löytyy virallinen vastine. Mielenkiintoinen tulos oli kuitenkin, että sekä suomen- että ranskankielen kääntäjä on käyttänyt hyvin selkeästi tiettyä strategiaa tietyn ilmauksen kohdalla. Monesti tämä strategia on lisäksi ollut sama molemmissa käännöksissä. Tutkimuksesta tämä käy ilmi esimerkkirepliikeistä, joita olen kerännyt taulukoihin. Taulukoista näkyy kaikki tutkimukseen liittyvät kielet: englanti, suomi ja ranska. Mielenkiintoista olisi nähdä, onko esimerkiksi sarjan toisella kaudella ilmaukset käännetty samoja käännösstrategioita käyttäen tai millä tavoin politiikkaan liittyviä ilmauksia käsitellään muiden kielten tekstityksissä. Saattaa olla, että tämän kaltaisen valtavirtaan sopivan tv-sarjan tekstitykset ovat hyvin samanlaisia, jokin toisenlainen tv-ohjelma tai elokuva voisi käyttää täysin eri käännösstrategioita.

General Game Playing: Análisis del problema. Solución basada en un algoritmo hibrido de inteligencia computacional

El objetivo de este trabajo es presentar unas bases de conocimiento sobre el denominado General Game Playing (GGP) analizando los conceptos relacionados con esta área que ha surgido recientemente, de forma que nuestro trabajo pueda ser usado como base en futuras investigaciones y tesis relacionadas con la materia. Para ello, se hará un estudio de los enfoques que se han empleado para abordar el problema y se profundizará en otras técnicas algorítmicas, tales como por ejemplo la de Montecarlo Tree Search y los algoritmos bio-inspirados que no se han empleado (o se han empleado poco) en este contexto. Adicionalmente, se realiza una propuesta de un agente autónomo (es decir, un resolutor del problema), implementando un algoritmo bio-inspirado mixto, dentro de la plataforma para la General Video Game Artificial Intelligence Competition (GVGAI), analizando sus resultados y extrayendo conclusiones.

Connecting the dots: Examining the role of parental beliefs and preschoolers’ affect and engagement in predicting parent-child number exploration during a meaningful math experience

The current study examined the frequency and quality of how 3- to 4-year-old children and their parents explore the relations between symbolic and non-symbolic quantities in the context of a playful math experience, as well as the role of both parent and child factors in this exploration. Preschool children’s numerical knowledge was assessed while parents completed a survey about the number-related experiences they share with their children at home, and their math-related beliefs. Parent-child dyads were then videotaped playing a modified version of the card game War. Results suggest that parents and children explored quantity explicitly on only half of the cards and card pairs played, and dyads of young children and those with lower number knowledge tended to be most explicit in their quantity exploration. Dyads with older children, on the other hand, often completed their turns without discussing the numbers at all, likely because they were knowledgeable enough about numbers that they could move through the game with ease. However, when dyads did explore the quantities explicitly, they focused on identifying numbers symbolically, used non-symbolic card information interchangeably with symbolic information to make the quantity comparison judgments, and in some instances, emphasized the connection between the symbolic and non-symbolic number representations on the cards. Parents reported that math experiences such as card game play and quantity comparison occurred relatively infrequently at home compared to activities geared towards more foundational practice of number, such as counting out loud and naming numbers. However, parental beliefs were important in predicting both the frequency of at-home math engagement as well as the quality of these experiences. In particular, parents’ specific beliefs about their children’s abilities and interests were associated with the frequency of home math activities, while parents’ math-related ability beliefs and values along with children’s engagement in the card game were associated with the quality of dyads’ number exploration during the card game. Taken together, these findings suggest that card games can be an engaging context for parent-preschooler exploration of numbers in multiple representations, and suggests that parents’ beliefs and children’s level of engagement are important predictors of this exploration.

Effect of Playing Interactive Computer Game on Distress of Insulin Injection Among Type 1 Diabetic Children

Background: Diabetic children and their families experience high level stress because of daily insulin injection. Objectives: This study was conducted to investigate the impact of an interactive computer game on behavioral distress due to insulin injection among diabetic children. Patients and Methods: In this clinical trial, thirty children (3-12 years) with type 1 diabetes who needed daily insulin injection were recruited and allocated randomly into two groups. Children in intervention groups received an interactive computer game and asked to play at home for a week. No special intervention was done for control group. The behavioral distress of groups was assessed before, during and after the intervention by Observational Scale of Behavioral Distress–Revised (OSBD-R). Results: Repeated measure ANOVA test showed no significantly difference of OSBD-R over time for control group (P = 0.08), but this changes is signification in the study group (P = 0.001). Comparison mean score of distress were significantly different between two groups (P = 0.03). Conclusions: According to the findings, playing interactive computer game can decrease behavioral distress induced by insulin injection in type 1 diabetic children. It seems this game can be beneficial to be used alongside other interventions.

Hoyle's games : illustrated edition. Embracing all the most modern modes of play, and the rules practised at the present time, in billiards, whist, draughts, cribbage, backgammon, and all other fashionable games; together with sixteen games adapted to the new Yankee-notion cards. Also the whole of Frer̀e's chess hand-book. Containing, besides elementary instruction and the laws of chess, about fifty select games by the first players, endings of games, and the defeat of the muzio gambit. Also, thirty-six of the choicest chess problems, and a description of, and rules for, four-handed chess /

Classified for chess; Frère's chess hand-book, p. 229-324.

A short treatise on the game of whist : containing the laws of the game and also some rules whereby a beginner may, with due attention to them attain to the playing it well ... /

In folder.

Improved Electronics for the Hall A Detectors at JLab: Summing Modules and VDC Amplifier/Discriminator Cards

Testing of summing electronics and VDC A/D Cards was performed to assure proper functioning and operation within defined parameters. In both the summing modules and the VDC A/D cards, testing for minimum threshold voltage for each channel and crosstalk between neighboring channels was performed. Additionally, the modules were installed in Hall A with input signals from shower detectors arranged to establish a trigger by summing signals together with the use of tested modules. Testing involved utilizing a pulser to mimic PMT signals, a discriminator, an attenuator, a scaler, a level translator, an oscilloscope, a high voltage power supply, and a special apparatus used to power and send signal to the A/D cards. After testing, modules were obtained that meet necessary criteria for use in the APEX experiment, and the A/D cards obtained were determined to have adequate specifications for their utilization, with specific results included in the appendix.

Playing Miami : Afrocuban performance artists negotiating cubanidad

The social scripts that are deeply involved in cultural production by AfroCuban identified artists in Miami, during the late nineties to the present, participate in a climate that is informed by and feeds from the so-called Latin Explosion of this time period. More specifically, varying historical, socioeconomic, and geopolitical trajectories have placed Africa and African-based religion and cultural production (via music and theatre) at the center of Cuban national identity. The purpose of this study is to facilitate a discussion of the experiences of AfroCuban performance artists and the climate for production, given the aforementioned dynamics, in mass media. These experiences are directed by a study of transnational structures for cultural production (including the more recent memory-shadow of hip-hop culture in Cuba) and discourse that engages theories of modernity, authenticity, and resistance. Through the interventions of artists, producers, and distributors via their art and business, the text identifies and resists the pervasive oppression of stereotype, dehumanization (Othering), and essentialism.

Playing with tension; national charisma at Euro 2012

European National football came together in the summer of 2012 for the 14th occasion. This book sets out to examine the enduring social tensions between supporters and authorities, as well as those between local, national and European identities, which formed the backdrop to the 14th staging of the European National football tournament, Euro2012. The context of the tournament was somewhat unique from those staged in previous years, being jointly hosted for the first time by two post-Communist nations still in the process of social and economic transition. In this respect, the decision to stage Euro 2012 in Poland and Ukraine bore its own material and symbolic legacies shaping the tournament: the unsettling of neo-liberal imaginings and emergent ‘East-West’ fears about poor infrastructure, inefficiencies and corruption jostled with moral panics about racism and fears surrounding the potentially unfulfilled consumerist expectations of west European supporters. The book seeks to explore the ideologies and practices invoked by competing national sentiments and examine the social tensions, ambiguities and social capital generating potentials surrounding national, ethnic, European identity, with respect to national football teams, supporters and supporter movements.

Farmers’ Market Nutrition Program Recipe Cards

These are cards giving recipes for fruit and vegetable dishes. Recipes include: confetti bean salsa, Mediterranean quinoa salad, minty watermelon cucumber salad, quick refrigerator pickles, broccoli salad, apple, cranberry and almond coleslaw, farmers’ market pasta salad, roasted beet and butter bean hummus, spinach and strawberry pecan salad, okra, avocado and tomato salad, plum-berry mint smoothie and crispy baked vegetables.

[pediatric Patient Classification System: Improvement Of An Instrument].

Improve the content validity of the instrument for classification of pediatric patients and evaluate its construct validity. A descriptive exploratory study in the measurement of the content validity index, and correlational design for construct validation through exploratory factor analysis. The content validity index for indicators was 0.99 and it was 0.97 for graded situations. Three domains were extracted in the construct validation, namely: patient, family and therapeutic procedures, with 74.97% of explained variance. The instrument showed evidences of content and construct validity. The validation of the instrument occurred under the approach of family-centered care, and allowed incorporating some essential needs of childhood such as playing, interaction and affection in the content of the instrument.

Association Between Parity, Pre-pregnancy Body Mass Index And Gestational Weight Gain.

To analyze the relationship between parity, pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI), and gestational weight gain (GWG). This observational controlled study was conducted from November 2013 to April 2014, with postpartum women who started antenatal care up to 14 weeks and had full-term births. Data were collected from medical records and antenatal cards. Descriptive and bivariate analyses were performed. The significance level was 5%. Data were collected from 130 primiparous and 160 multiparous women. At the beginning of prenatal care, 54.62% of the primiparous were eutrophic, while the majority of multiparous were overweight or obese (62.51%). Multiparas are two times more likely to be obese at the beginning of their pregnancies, when compared to primiparas. The average pre-pregnancy weight and final pregnancy weight was significantly higher in multiparous, however, the mean GWG was higher among primiparous. We found an inverse correlation between parity and the total GWG, but initial BMI was significantly higher in multiparas. Nevertheless, monitoring of the GWG through actions that promote a healthier lifestyle is needed, regardless of parity and nutritional status, in order to prevent excessive GWG and postpartum weight retention and consequently inadequate pre-pregnancy nutritional status in future pregnancies.

O brincar no contexto escolar : significados das brincadeiras realizadas em aulas de educação física e no recreio

Universidade Estadual de Campinas . Faculdade de Educação Física

Pedagogia do esporte : um estudo sobre as interrelações entre a iniciação esportiva e o esporte profissional : o caso do basquetebol feminino do Estado de São Paulo na visão do tecnico

Universidade Estadual de Campinas . Faculdade de Educação Física