Análise em bacias hidrográficas: contribuição metodológica para o diagnóstico ambiental

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Dinâmica do relevo: quantificação de processos formadores

Pós-graduação em Geologia Regional - IGCE

Restauração do cerrado: a influência das técnicas e de fatores ecológicos sobre o desenvolvimento inicial da comunidade lenhosa

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Relações de Trabalho no Assentamento Contestado (PR): Contradições de Classe e Desafios analíticos

Pós-graduação em Geografia - FCT

Bioma cerrado: um estudo de valoração e conservação da biodiversidade e dos recursos naturais

The region of the biome Cerrado is under threat due to the replacement of their native areas for expansion of agriculture and livestock. This occupation is responsible for the loss of about 50% of two million square kilometers of original native savannah. The land use, without control or zoning, has caused serious damage to natural resources of this biome, considered as an international hotspot area. As a result, some problems caused by ecological imbalances already topping the urban and rural environments, such as species extinction, water scarcity and desertification. Any occupation in this biome should be evaluated with caution, because this region, besides being considered one of the most productive of Brazil, is also rich in biodiversity and water resources. The understanding of the importance of the Cerrado biome and its remaining areas, allows the preparation of detailed studies of environmental valuation, which is essential for the development of conservation policies, avoiding even greater environmental impacts. To meet the growing demand for food, you can increase productivity through agroforestry, for example, and to preserve the remaining areas, you can create new protected areas and tailor existing units

Análise da expansão urbana da cidade de Piracicaba no período de 2006-2011

The fundamental objective of this research was analyzed the urban expansion’s process of municipality Piracicaba, it is located in the countryside of São Paulo state. The use and occupation of land by observing the social and environmental impacts related, including the Protection Permanent Area (PPA) of urban fringes according to the successive expansions of Piracicaba city in 2006, the publication year of the current city hall director planning, until 2011, when the approval of the eighth and most recent update of Piracicaba’s expanding the perimeter. The development of the study was conducted with the support of bibliographic, cartographic, considering maps and satellite images, further more field work. Thematic maps of the current urban expansion were created, urban voids and land use were developed, typifying the occupation according to the activities established thus through the analysis of land use through cartographic interpretation, as research in locus. To assist the research geotechnologies were used, both for production and for the interpretation of cartographic materials, specially in Geographic Information Systems

Análise das alterações geomorfológicas decorrentes dos processos de urbanização na bacia hidrográfica do córrego Lavapés, em Rio Claro/SP

In the last 60 years, many Brazilian cities practically doubled their population contingent. As a result of this process, there was an increase on the occupation level on unstable areas, from a physical point of view, and on the anthropogenic interventions at the natural ambient, reorganizing the existent process and forms. Thus, this work shows the results of the analysis of geomorphological changes deriving from urbanization processes at the Lavapés Stream watershed, located at Rio Claro county (SP). The goal of this work was reached by means of historical-evolutionary geomorphological cartography. To achieve this result, it had been prepared geomorphological and land usage charts for the years of 1962, 1988 and 2010, and a declivity chart. Those scenarios have been analyzed from the point of view of the General Systems Theory. The results were attached into an urban use restrictions chart, which allowed identifying the areas that should not be occupied, by geomorphological view and by environmental law restrictions

Caracterização fisiográfica do município de Ipeúna - SP

A ocupação humana desordenada e sem planejamento pode resultar em impactos ambientais como esgotamento do solo, perda de cobertura vegetal, erosão e perda de solo, assoreamento de leitos fluviais, contaminação das águas (superficiais e profundas), entre outros. Estas conseqüências estão presentes também no município de Ipeúna-SP, onde predominam as pastagens e o cultivo de cana-de-açúcar. Este quadro atual mostra a necessidade de se desenvolver estudos e levantamentos que contemplem diversos fatores ambientais (bióticos e abióticos) básicos para o entendimento das características, potencialidades e fragilidades da área, possíveis de subsidiar o planejamento e a gestão do uso da terra e adequar a utilização dos recursos naturais disponíveis com conservação do meio ambiente. O estudo da fisiografia permite a caracterização e classificação das paisagens terrestres levando em consideração os fatores formadores destas paisagens (clima atual e passado, hidrologia, geologia, geomorfologia e indiretamente aspectos bióticos) e as relações (processos) que os afetam. Desta forma, o objetivo da pesquisa foi investigar as características fisiográficas do município de Ipeúna-SP e, assim, contribuir para o melhor conhecimento dos aspectos do meio físico. Para atingir o objetivo foram realizadas as técnicas de interpretação de fotografias aéreas em escala 1:25.000, geoprocessamento e levantamentos de campo. A sistemática de trabalho adotada se resume a duas etapas: I) diagnóstico zero e; II) análise fisiográfica. O resultado final é o Mapa Fisiográfico em escala 1:50.000. A análise fisiográfica permitiu identificar e compreender os processos endógenos e exógenos que atuam e atuaram na evolução paisagem. O município de Ipeúna-SP é caracterizado por paisagens policíclicas de origem aluvial, coluvial/aluvial e estrutural... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)

Ecologia de cultivos: caracterização dos aspectos ecológicos dos diferentes cultivos no município de Cristais Paulistas-SP

Planning is an essential instrument for the agricultural occupation of the lands, because it supports the activities of food production and raw materials. It must be driven by techniques that provide the sustainability of these activities, so that also ensures the environmental balance of agroecosystems. Lands misuse can be considered as one of the causes of frustration of agricultural activities. Thus, the occurrence of discrepancies between the effective use (real use) of the land and its agricultural aptitude can compete, in many cases, to the decrease of productivity, as well as for soil degradation. In this way, this research intends to study the relationship between the temporary cultivations, halfperennial cultures, perennial and its developmental environment, determining the edaphoclimatic characteristics of landscapes. From then on, a letter shall be subject to the use and occupation of the soil for agriculture in the municipality of Cristais Paulista-SP, aiming to describe the spatial organization of land use and vegetation cover, and emphasizing management and conservative practices. For that, climatic factors were characterized, fundamentally humidity, temperature and luminosity; edaphics, including parental material, chemical and physical properties, fertility, soil temperature and climatic zoning; biotic, referring to the suitability of different cultures or to be implanted; physical, such as geomorphology, slope, geology, hypsometry and hydrology; socioeconomic, in particular production and marketing seasons; and the way they all, together, affect the adaptation, distribution and production of crops. Using this information, the zoning of the area of study was done based on the 21 nominated groups obtained, in addition to recommendations and suggestions for handling each type of cultivation... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Diagnóstico antropogeomorfológico em bacia hidrográfica urbana: o caso do Córrego do Jardim São João, Araras (SP)

Man can transform the nature according to their needs through technique which enables agriculture, cattle raising, constructions of buildings for housing, transport routes, etc. This action has brought significant transformations to the environment, and relief is one of the most changed elements, mainly at urban areas, which concentrates most of the Brazilian population. In these areas geomorphologic systems have undergone alterations in their flow of matter and energy by the action of man. Thus, it is possible o understand the action of man as geomorphologic action, nowadays, the tecnógeno, since the human action can interfere qualitatively and quantitatively in the input and output of these systems. The anthropic geomorphology has contributed to the analyses of the effects due to the urbanization at the form and at the geomorphologic process in the urban watersheds, indicating the transformations at the shape of the relief and the alterations due to the acceleration of the flow of matter and energy. From these questions, this study had the main diagnose the anthropogenic changes of the relief at the basin of Corrego do Jardim São João, Araras (SP), comparing two scenes, 1997 and 2006, through geomorphological mapping evolutionary in the area. The geomorphological feature altered at the basin are directly linked to the use of soil, mainly at the urban use, which caused effects in the relief at the studied area, making possible to define periods of the urban evolution and impacts caused by the urbanization. Among the changes it was found the decrease of the topographic breaks and at the riverbed channels, as the increase of the accumulation of the plain and riverbed terrace. The elaboration of a letter of the legal restrictions of the basin make possible to evaluate some of the environmental urban problems that occur, which are due to the occupation of the relief in the areas of permanent preservation that brings significant impacts to...

Sensoriamento remoto e Sistemas de Informações Geográficas (SIG) na análise dos impactos referentes à cultura canavieira e reflorestamento: a subtração dos biomas nativos no município de Itirapina-SP

The main objective of this study was to perform a temporal analysis of land use and cover of Itirapina – São Paulo estate, Brazil, for 1962, 2000 and 2008 scenarios, indicating the rate of change in native vegetation and contextualizing its modifications. Based on photointerpretation performed by supervised classification using the method of Bhattacharya, the thematic classes were mapped and characterized in an area equivalent to 56400 hectares. Using remote sensing technologies and geographic information systems, was structured and implemented a georeferenced and relational database, allowing the analysis of the size of the area occupied. The results showed that the expansion of cultivation of cane sugar and reforestation in the past 45 years has been conditioned the fragmentation of natural vegetation cover in the city, which fell by 34793 ha (61,7%) in 1962 to 9765,2 ha (17,3%) in 2008, with the loss of 25027,8 hectares.

Geotecnologias para a análise da bacia hidrográfica do Córrego Wenzel - Rio Claro/SP: proposta de gestão de recursos hídricos

The expansion of urban in medium-sized citie, increase the importance of action planning and management of natural resources, among which water is the most important. Such action should include the integration of physical and man-made elements involved. In this context, it becomesimportant for watershed analysis and the use of geotecnologies. Thus, the objective was to demonstrate the contribution of the geo, as a tool for managing a river basin, allowing the integration of physical data and the analysis of anthropogenic environmental scenarios in urban areas. The area chosen, the basin of the Wenzel, is located in Rio Claro / SP, a city whose urbanization process has been intense and continuous. Thematic maps were generated from the physical environment: soil, slope and geological, as well as maps of land use. With regard to land use maps, these were drawn from the visual interpretation of material aerophotogrammetric, considering the years 1995 and 2010, performing an evolutionary analysis. It was observed that the area presents small variation in the physical and structural aspects, with lithological and geomorphological formation favoring the occurrence of floods, erosion and siltation. These processes are accelerated by the forms of land use, with intense urbanization during the period between 1995 and 2010, and poor preservation of permanent preservation areasand. In the floodplain areas there is a high waste disposal is the most notable environmental problem

Seleção de áreas potenciais para implantação da zona de processamento e exportação de Fernandópolis - SP utilizando geotecnologia

The implementation of an Export and Processing Zone (ZEPs) brings several benefits to the local, state and federal economy, but often, only socioeconomic factors are considered, apart from several other factors that should be analyzed, such as the environment. In this context of industrialization and the struggle for sustainable development, this work propose to incorporate the environmental variable in the decision process for establishing industrial areas, in particular, the ZPE in the city of Fernandópolis, São Paulo state, Brazil, by examining several physical and environmental factors such as slope intervals, geological features, pedological factors and land use. Developed using a multicriteria analysis, a model has been elaborated, where these factors have received a proportional value according with their importance, supported by a GIS tool (Geographical Information System) and remote sensing products, such as images from CBERS satellite and SRTM radar, showing the suited areas for industrial activities, considering environmental conditions. This model may assist to take better decision about the ZPE implementation area and to reduce the negative environmental impacts that would result of poorly planned locations

Pagamento por serviços ambientais: estudo de caso: simulação da aplicação do programa do “Produtor de Água” na bacia do Rio Pirajibu

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Urbanização e recursos hídricos: vulnerabilidade socioambiental na bacia hidrográfica do Ribeirão Piracicamirim na cidade de Piracicaba/SP

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)