Yokohama-shi & Kanagawa-ken Region, Japan, 1868 (Raster Image)

This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: Descriptive map, shewing the Treaty limits round Yokohama : including the Province of Sagami & portions of Kai, Idzu, Musasi & Suraga, compiled and drawn by Lieut. A.G.S. Hawes, 1865-67. It was published by James Wyld in 1868. Scale [ca. 1:57,217]. Covers the Yokohama-shi & Kanagawa-ken region, Japan. The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the Tokyo Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) Zone 54N projected coordinate system. All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, index maps, legends, or other information associated with the principal map. This map shows features such as cities and towns, roads, railroads and stations, drainage, built-up areas and selected buildings, fortification, district and province boundaries, temples, baths, ruins, battle sites, and more. Relief shown by shading. Includes notes.This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps from the Harvard Map Collection. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features. The selection represents a range of originators, ground condition dates, scales, and map purposes.

Yokohama-shi & Kanagawa-ken Region, 1879 (Raster Image)

This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: The environs of Yokohama, compiled and drawn by A. Farsari ; engrd. by Engr. Cy. Tokio. It was published by Sargent, Farsari & Co. in 1879. Scale [ca. 1:280,486]. Covers the Yokohama-shi & Kanagawa-ken region, Japan. The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the Tokyo Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) Zone 54N projected coordinate system. All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, index maps, legends, or other information associated with the principal map. This map shows features such as cities and towns, roads, railroads, drainage, built-up areas, district and province boundaries, and more. Relief shown pictorially.This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps from the Harvard Map Collection. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features. The selection represents a range of originators, ground condition dates, scales, and map purposes.

Free State Region, South Africa, 1899 (Raster Image)

This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: Stanford's new map of the Orange Free State, the southern part of the South African Republic, the northern frontier of Cape Colony, Natal, Basutoland and Delagoa Bay. It was published by E. Stanford in 1899. Scale 1:1,000,000 The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the Africa Lambert Conformal Conic projected coordinate system. All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, index maps, legends, or other information associated with the principal map. This map shows features such as drainage, cities and other human settlements, roads, railroads and stations, administrative and territorial boundaries, shoreline features, and more. Relief shown by shading and spot heights.This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps from the Harvard Map Collection. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features. The selection represents a range of originators, ground condition dates, scales, and map purposes.

Tonkin Region, Vietnam, 1883 (Raster Image)

This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: Carte du Tonkin, par Ch. Lassailly, géographe ; gravé par F. Dufour. It was published by Challamel ainé éditeur in 1883. Scale 1:2,500,000. Covers the Tonkin region, Northern Vietnam and a portion of China. Map in French.The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the Asia North Lambert Conformal Conic coordinate system. All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, index maps, legends, or other information associated with the principal map. This map shows features such as drainage, cities and other human settlements, territorial and administrative boundaries, shoreline features, and more. Relief shown by hachures. Includes also insets: Rivière de Hué, Indo-Chine, Itinéraires de Marseilles a Saïgon.This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps from the Harvard Map Collection. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features. The selection represents a range of originators, ground condition dates, scales, and map purposes.

Chao Phraya River Region, Thailand, 1730 (Raster Image)

This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: Carte du cours de la riviere de Meinam, depuis Judia jusquà son embouchure, dessinée par Eng. Kaempfer ; [engraved by] I. G. S. It was published by chez R. [et] I. Ottens in 1730. Scale [ca. 1:350,000]. Covers the Chao Phraya River region, Thailand. Map in French and Dutch.The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM Zone 47N, meters, WGS 1984) projected coordinate system. All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, index maps, legends, or other information associated with the principal map. This map shows features such as drainage, cities and other human settlements, administrative boundaries, shoreline features, and more. Includes notes and inset map of Judia [i.e. Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya].This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps from the Harvard Map Collection. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features. The selection represents a range of originators, ground condition dates, scales, and map purposes.

Nile River & Red Sea Region, 1810 (Raster Image)

This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: Charte vom Nil Strome, oder Aegypten, Nubien und Habesch. It was published in 1810. Scale [ca. 1:7,000,000]. Covers the Nile River and Red Sea region. Map in German. The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the Africa Lambert Conformal Conic projected coordinate system. All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, index maps, legends, or other information associated with the principal map. This map shows features such as drainage, cities and other human settlements, territorial and administrative boundaries, shoreline features, caravan routes, and more. Relief shown by hachures. Includes notes.This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps from the Harvard Map Collection. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features. The selection represents a range of originators, ground condition dates, scales, and map purposes.

Nile River Delta & Suez Canal Region, Egypt, 1880 (Raster Image)

This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: Carte de la basse Egypte et du canal maritime de Suez, dressée par Desbuissons ; gravé sur pier. et chrom. par P. Méa. It was published by E. Andriveau-Goujon in 1880. Scale 1:500,000. Covers the Nile River Delta and Suez Canal region, Egypt. Map in French.The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the Africa Lambert Conformal Conic projected coordinate system. All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, index maps, legends, or other information associated with the principal map. This map shows features such as drainage, cities and other human settlements, territorial boundaries, shoreline features, canals, railroads, selected buildings, cultivated and uncultivated lands, and more. Relief shown by hachures. Includes also insets: Plan d'Ismaïlia (1:25,000) -- Plan de la rade de Port Saïd et de l'embouchure du Canal dans la Méditerranée (1:60,000) -- Plan de la rade de Suez et de l'embouchure du Canal dans la Mer Rouge (1:60,000).This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps from the Harvard Map Collection. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features. The selection represents a range of originators, ground condition dates, scales, and map purposes.

Aplicações baseadas em geolocalizações para gestão de instalações desportivas: exemplo de utilização da API da GOOGLE Maps no concelho de Guimarães

O contexto tecnológico em que vivemos é uma realidade. E a tendência é para ser assim também no futuro. Cada vez mais. É o caso das representações de locais e entidades em mapas digitais na web. Na visão de Crocker (2014), esta tendência é ainda mais acentuada, no âmbito das aplicações móveis, como mostram as mais diversas location-based applications. No setor do desporto e da respetiva gestão nem sempre foi fácil desenvolver aplicações, recorrendo a este tipo de representações espaciais. A tecnologia não era fácil e o know-how não era adequadamente qualificado. Mas, as empresas fornecedoras de tecnologia geoespacial simplificaram o desenvolvimento de aplicações web nesta área, através da utilização de application programming interfaces (API). Como refere Svennerberg (2010), estas API’s servem de interface entre um serviço proporcionado por uma empresa, caso da Google Maps (2013) e uma aplicação web ou móvel que utiliza esses serviços. Foi com este objetivo que desenvolvemos uma aplicação web, utilizando as metodologias próprias neste domínio, como a framework de Zachman (2009), tal como foi originalmente adaptada por Whitten e Bentley (2005), onde um dos módulos é precisamente a representação de espaços desportivos, recorrendo à utilização dos serviços da Google Maps. Para além disso, toda a aplicação é suportada numa abordagem Model-View-Control (MVC). Para conseguir representar as instalações desportivas num mapa, criámos uma base de dados MySQL, com dados de longitude e latitude, de cada instalação desportiva. Através de JavaScript criou-se o mapa propriamente dito, indicando o tipo (mapa de estradas, satélite ou street view) e as respetivas opções (nível de zoom, alinhamento, controlo de interface e posicionamente, entre muitas outras opções). O passo seguinte consistiu em passar os dados para o frontend da aplicação web. Para isso, recorreu-se à integração do PHP com as livrarias externas de código JavaSrcipt, criadas especificamente para o efeito (caso da MarkerManager). A implementação destas funcionalidades permite georeferenciar todos os tipos e géneros de espaços desportivos de um concelho, região ou País. Obteve-se ainda know-how, background e massa crítica, para o desenvolvimento de novas funcionalidades. A sua utilização em dispositivos móveis é outra das possibilidades atualmente já em desenvolvimento.

Regional development rhrough domestic and tourist event policies: Gold Coast and Brisbane 1974-2003

Governments, as key stakeholders in the development of events, produce policies to facilitate the growth and potential of events as a platform for industry and economic development. To date, however, there has been a paucity of research undertaken to determine the appropriateness and the consequences of government policies pertaining to events. This paper studies the event policies of two Australian local government authorities, the Gold Coast City Council and Brisbane City Council, from 1974-2003, as measured by four development paradigms: Modernisation, Dependency, Economic Neoliberalism, and Alternative. The analysis revealed that these policies were predominantly underpinned by the Alternative which has a strong socio-cultural focus. Increased awareness and utilisation of the various development paradigms will assist local governments in producing future event policies to promote growth of the event industry and concomitantly, appropriate development within their region.

Effects of tourism development on the local poor people - Case study in Taibai Region China

In China, protected areas are one of the main destinations attracting tourists and homeland for many poor people living in and around them. Based on a case study, the paper focuses on correlation between tourism and poverty alleviation by tracing the cash flows to the local poor. It also reviews the social and environmental effects of tourism on local area. The case study is conducted in a group of protected areas in Qinling Mountain Region in Shaanxi, a western province in China. Qinling Mountain is one of the most important distribution zones for Giant Panda and some other endangered wildlife such as Golden Takin and Golden Monkey. The tourism development in the region is happening. Research indicates that there is 29.33%, of tourist expenditure is going to local households, directly or indirectly. Tourist spends US$7.11 (13.67%) in food and beverage, and US$6.39 (12.23%) in accommodation service, which are the greatest contributors to local households in terms of tourism benefits. Local households can get US$8.15 from food/beverage and accommodation sectors, taking 56.64% of total income from tourism. Generally, tourism development benefits all stakeholders. However, poor people get less benefit. The paper analyses the barriers for the poor to be involved in tourism development, and discusses the government roles, major issues in implementation of Sustainable Tourism-Eliminating Poverty (ST-EP) model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Inventory of thermo-erosional valleys and streams in three ice-rich permafrost lowlands adjacent to the Laptev Sea, with links to maps in ArcGIS format

This dataset provides an inventory of thermo-erosional landforms and streams in three lowland areas underlain by ice-rich permafrost of the Yedoma-type Ice Complex at the Siberian Laptev Sea coast. It consists of two shapefiles per study region: one shapefile for the digitized thermo-erosional landforms and streams, one for the study area extent. Thermo-erosional landforms were manually digitized from topographic maps and satellite data as line features and subsequently analyzed in a Geographic Information System (GIS) using ArcGIS 10.0. The mapping included in particular thermo-erosional gullies and valleys as well as streams and rivers, since development of all of these features potentially involved thermo-erosional processes. For the Cape Mamontov Klyk site, data from Grosse et al. [2006], which had been digitized from 1:100000 topographic map sheets, were clipped to the Ice Complex extent of Cape Mamontov Klyk, which excludes the hill range in the southwest with outcropping bedrock and rocky slope debris, coastal barrens, and a large sandy floodplain area in the southeast. The mapped features (streams, intermittent streams) were then visually compared with panchromatic Landsat-7 ETM+ satellite data (4 August 2000, 15 m spatial resolution) and panchromatic Hexagon data (14 July 1975, 10 m spatial resolution). Smaller valleys and gullies not captured in the maps were subsequently digitized from the satellite data. The criterion for the mapping of linear features as thermo-erosional valleys and gullies was their clear incision into the surface with visible slopes. Thermo-erosional features of the Lena Delta site were mapped on the basis of a Landsat-7 ETM+ image mosaic (2000 and 2001, 30 m ground resolution) [Schneider et al., 2009] and a Hexagon satellite image mosaic (1975, 10 m ground resolution) [G. Grosse, unpublished data] of the Lena River Delta within the extent of the Lena Delta Ice Complex [Morgenstern et al., 2011]. For the Buor Khaya Peninsula, data from Arcos [2012], which had been digitized based on RapidEye satellite data (8 August 2010, 6.5 m ground resolution), were completed for smaller thermo-erosional features using the same RapidEye scene as a mapping basis. The spatial resolution, acquisition date, time of the day, and viewing geometry of the satellite data used may have influenced the identification of thermo-erosional landforms in the images. For Cape Mamontov Klyk and the Lena Delta, thermo-erosional features were digitized using both Hexagon and Landsat data; Hexagon provided higher resolution and Landsat provided the modern extent of features. Allowance of up to decameters was made for the lateral expansion of features between Hexagon and Landsat acquisitions (between 1975 and 2000).

(Table 1) Sample locations and clay mineral data of sediment surface samples from the Barents Sea region

A new surface sediment sample set gained in the western Barents Sea by the MAREANO program has been analysed for basic clay mineral assemblages. Distribution maps including additional samples from earlier German research cruises to and off Svalbard are compiled. Some trends in the clay mineral assemblages are related to the sub-Barents Sea geology because the Quaternary sediment cover is rather thin. Additionally, land masses like Svalbard and northern Scandinavia dominate the clay mineral signal with their erosional products. Dense bottom water, very often of brine origin, that flows within deep troughs, such as the Storfjorden or Bear Island Trough, transport the clay mineral signal from their origin to the Norwegian-Greenland Sea.

Tourism in Albarracín and Region. Local Public Action and dynamics in recent key sustainable tourism development

Spanish tourist destinations in rural areas have been established over more than two decades of implementation of various public policy instruments (mainly tourism and rural development policies). These convey complementary objectives in theory but provoke distant results in practice. The intervention of these instruments produces in the region of Sierra de Albarracín (Teruel) two types of destination whose sustainability is committed: the historical urban site of Albarracín as a consolidated cultural tourism destination based on heritage and the Sierra as a generic and incipient destination of rural tourism. It is discussed how the deployment of the local public action causes a fragmented territory in two models of management and tourism development. Cooperation is presented as a key element for the necessary rethinking of tourism development in the region.

Sagamore Hill /

"*GPO: 1995--387-034/0018 Reprint 1984."

The creation of a new tourist destination in low density areas: the Boticas case

CIEO-Research Centre for Spatial and Organizational Dynamics, University of Algarve