Immunocytochemical study on the triple origin of the sphincter iris in the chick embryo

The ontogenic development of the sphincter iris has been studied by immunocytochemistry and standard staining on chick embryos from stage 25 HH to the time of hatching. We have used the monoclonal antibody 13F4, a highly specific marker of muscular cells. We have observed three different regions in the iris. Tn the pupillary region, immunoreactive cells are in continuous contact with the inner epithelium of the pupillary margin. In the intermediate region, the outer epithelium forms buds of pigmented cells that emigrate toward the stroma. In this epithelium cells that are totally or partially unpigmented exist, and they are 13F4 positive. In the sphincter we have observed 13F4 positive cells with melanin granules. In the ciliary region, the immunoreactivity appears in dispersed mesenchymal cells. The present findings are consistent with a triple origin of the sphincter iris in the chick embryo. This muscle is derived from the inner epithelium of the pupillary margin, the intermediate region of the outer epithelium, and from the mesenchymal cells. The cells of the inner epithelium of the pupillary margin are differentiated into smooth muscle cells, and the remaining cells form striated muscle cells.

Genomic amplification of the caprine EDNRA locus might lead to a dose dependent loss of pigmentation

The South African Boer goat displays a characteristic white spotting phenotype, in which the pigment is limited to the head. Exploiting the existing phenotype variation within the breed, we mapped the locus causing this white spotting phenotype to chromosome 17 by genome wide association. Subsequent whole genome sequencing identified a 1 Mb copy number variant (CNV) harboring 5 genes including EDNRA. The analysis of 358 Boer goats revealed 3 alleles with one, two, and three copies of this CNV. The copy number is correlated with the degree of white spotting in goats. We propose a hypothesis that ectopic overexpression of a mutant EDNRA scavenges EDN3 required for EDNRB signaling and normal melanocyte development and thus likely lead to an absence of melanocytes in the non-pigmented body areas of Boer goats. Our findings demonstrate the value of domestic animals as reservoir of unique mutants and for identifying a precisely defined functional CNV.

Evaluation of an injury reporting and information system (IRIS) for the solid waste management industry : final report /

"SW-169.1-3."

Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift "Iris".

Title varies slightly.

The Iris : an illuminated souvenir for MDCCCLII /

Plates lithographed by Peter S. Duval after drawings by Capt. Seth Eastman.

El iris de La Paz.

Mode of access: Internet.

Iris check list of registered cultivar names, 1950-1959.

Mode of access: Internet.

Alphabetical iris check list, 1949.

Mode of access: Internet.

The professor at the breakfast-table; with the story of Iris.

Published as a serial in the Atlantic monthly, January-December 1859.

Le livre d'amour d'Hercule de Lacger: vers pour Iris (Henriette de Coligny, comtesse de La Suze),

Mode of access: Internet.

Pompeii Sacchi Parmensis ... Iris febrilis foedus inter antiquorum & recentiorum opiniones de febribus promittens.

Mode of access: Internet.