Heat Conduction Equation Solution in the Presence of a Change of State in a Bounded Axisymmetric Cylindrical Domain

The heat conduction problem, in the presence of a change of state, was solved for the case of an indefinitely long cylindrical layer cavity. As boundary conditions, it is imposed that the internal surface of the cavity is maintained below the fusion temperature of the infilling substance and the external surface is kept above it. The solution, obtained in nondimensional variables, consists in two closed form heat conduction equation solutions for the solidified and liquid regions, which formally depend of the, at first, unknown position of the phase change front. The energy balance through the phase change front furnishes the equation for time dependence of the front position, which is numerically solved. Substitution of the front position for a particular instant in the heat conduction equation solutions gives the temperature distribution inside the cavity at that moment. The solution is illustrated with numerical examples. [DOI: 10.1115/1.4003542]

Taking advantage of contextualized interactions while users watch TV

While watching TV, viewers use the remote control to turn the TV set on and off, change channel and volume, to adjust the image and audio settings, etc. Worldwide, research institutes collect information about audience measurement, which can also be used to provide personalization and recommendation services, among others. The interactive digital TV offers viewers the opportunity to interact with interactive applications associated with the broadcast program. Interactive TV infrastructure supports the capture of the user-TV interaction at fine-grained levels. In this paper we propose the capture of all the user interaction with a TV remote control-including short term and instant interactions: we argue that the corresponding captured information can be used to create content pervasively and automatically, and that this content can be used by a wide variety of services, such as audience measurement, personalization and recommendation services. The capture of fine grained data about instant and interval-based interactions also allows the underlying infrastructure to offer services at the same scale, such as annotation services and adaptative applications. We present the main modules of an infrastructure for TV-based services, along with a detailed example of a document used to record the user-remote control interaction. Our approach is evaluated by means of a proof-of-concept prototype which uses the Brazilian Digital TV System, the Ginga-NCL middleware.

Absolute determination of soluble potassium in tea infusion by gamma-ray spectroscopy

Potassium content in tea brew was determined by gamma-ray spectroscopy, Using the 1461 keV gamma-ray fro M (40)K, the naturally occurring radioactive isotope of potassium. We measured radiation with a shielded HPGe detector from individual test samples of tea leaves, before and after infusion preparation, and from commercial instant tea powder. The correction factor for the gamma-ray self-absorption in the extended source was determined with the help of Monte-Carlo simulations. This gamma-ray spectroscopy technique enabled the absolute determination of potassium content with a relative uncertainty smaller than 4%, at the one standard deviation confidence level, showing the feasibility of this method. An experiment to evaluate a possible systematic Uncertainty due to K distribution heterogeneity in the sample was performed, with file result that the corresponding relative standard deviation is smaller than 2% at 95% confidence level. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Random walks systems with killing on Z

We study random walks systems on Z whose general description follows. At time zero, there is a number N >= 1 of particles at each vertex of N, all being inactive, except for those placed at the vertex one. Each active particle performs a simple random walk on Z and, up to the time it dies, it activates all inactive particles that it meets along its way. An active particle dies at the instant it reaches a certain fixed total of jumps (L >= 1) without activating any particle, so that its lifetime depends strongly on the past of the process. We investigate how the probability of survival of the process depends on L and on the jumping probabilities of the active particles.

Lehman Flips for Clickers

The clicker is a versatile, easy to use electronic multiple choice device that helps provide instant feedback on what students are learning. In both hybrid and on-site classes, clickers provide a way to rapidly collect an answer to a question from every student; an answer for which they are all individually accountable. In this session, Biological sciences lecturer Rena Quinlan will describe her use of clickers with large classes that help students achieve defined course outcomes.

Txtng as a replacement for standard written English : an attitude survey based on Age and Gender

Text messaging is a new form of writing, brought about by technological development in the last couple of decades. Mobile phone usage has increased rapidly worldwide and texting is now part of many people's everyday communcation. A large number of users send or receive texts which include some abbreviations and shortenings, commonly referred to as textspeak. This novel linguistic phenomenon is perceived by some with indifference and by others with aggravation. The following study examines attitudes towards this linguistic change from a gender and age perspective. The comparison between two groups show that the most conservative and least positive to change are young women. The analysis and discussion around this focuses on power, prestige and patterns.

Le Grand Meaulnes et la Princesse de Clèves : Etude sur le thème de l'amour et la passion impossibles

Ce mémoire a pour but de comparer deux grands classiques de la littérature française, Le Grand Meaulnes et La Princesse de Clèves sous l’angle du traitement de la passion amoureuse. Ces deux œuvres présentent une situation similaire : un homme et une femme se rencontrent par hasard un instant plus ou moins court et tombent éperdument amoureux l’un de l’autre, mais ils ne peuvent vivre leur amour pleinement. La candidate se demande pourquoi il est impossible aux amants de connaître le bonheur. Après avoir étudié les deux œuvres en appliquant la même méthodologie (résumé, analyse de la psychologie des personnages-amants et du caractère littéraire de l’œuvre), la candidate fait ressortir le caractère exceptionnel de la passion amoureuse qui y est décrite et qui en fait explique le nécessaire échec auquel elle est vouée. Enfin, la candidate s’attelle à montrer ce qui est commun entre ces œuvres : le titre, les thèmes, les personnages, le contexte de la rencontre, le renoncement à l'amour et le rôle de la culpabilité.

The myGrid Notification Service

The notification service is the part of myGrid that enables asynchronous delivery of messages between distributed components. It includes features such as topic-based publish-subscribe messaging, push/pull models, asynchronous delivery, persistence, transient and durable subscriptions, durable topics, negotiation of QoS, hierarchical topic structure and federation of services. Some of these features are novel in the area of messaging middleware. A cost evaluation of some of these features indicate that the overhead incurred is justified in terms of compensating benefits gained.

Let Us Now Praise Famous Women

Writing this collection of journalistic nonfiction has come at an appropriate time for me as I head out into the world on my own. I still don’t know if or where I’ll be working. I don’t know if I’ll be an intern or employee or if I want to go to graduate school in the future. The world is wide open before me, and that is a scary thing. However, these women have been assuring and guiding me. Meeting and interviewing them has taught me that life is subjective. They have shown me that everything we own can be lost in an instant, that life—family, freedom, happiness—is more precious and more fragile than we may think. These women are not superficial; they are sincere and wise. I would consider myself blessed to have a fraction of their strength, and, indeed, it is their characters to which I aspire. Each woman has suffered loss, but each woman has also gained a new, deeper perspective on life. They are the ones who, from my point of view, are flying high and clinging tight—with views from the crown of the forest.

Designing a Remote Navigation System

This project involves the design and implementation of a global electronic tracking system intended for use by trans-oceanic vessels, using the technology of the U.S. Government's Global Positioning System (GPS) and a wireless connection to a networked computer. Traditional navigation skills are being replaced with highly accurate electronics. GPS receivers, computers, and mobile communication are becoming common among both recreational and commercial boaters. With computers and advanced communication available throughout the maritime world, information can be shared instantaneously around the globe. This ability to monitor one's whereabouts from afar can provide an increased level of safety and efficiency. Current navigation software seldom includes the capability of providing upto-the-minute navigation information for remote display. Remote access to this data will allow boat owners to track the progress of their boats, land-based organizations to monitor weather patterns and suggest course changes, and school groups to track the progress of a vessel and learn about navigation and science. The software developed in this project allows navigation information from a vessel to be remotely transmitted to a land-based server, for interpretation and deployment to remote users over the Internet. This differs from current software in that it allows the tracking of one vessel by multiple users and provides a means for two-way text messaging between users and the vesseI. Beyond the coastal coverage provided by cellular telephones, mobile communication is advancing rapidly. Current tools such as satellite telephones and single-sideband radio enable worldwide communications, including the ability to connect to the Internet. If current trends continue, portable global communication will be available at a reasonable price and Internet connections on boats will become more common.

Análise de projetos de investimentos : uma abordagem teórico-prática

The objective of this work is to search a real case of capital budgeting, relating the practical technical aspects of the elaboration of project, with theoretical referential and following secondary objectives: (i) to analyze the relations established between the bibliographical material and the found practical technical problems of capital budgeting in the enterprise; (ii) to search and to describe the necessary pacing to the economic and financial elaboration of an project, from the prospecting of the demand, the projection of revenues and expenditures and the evaluation of the necessary investments to its development; (iii) to relate and to exemplify the influences of the restrictions presented for the methods of capital budgeting, correlating the practical theoretical referential with the enterprise; (iv) to analyze the yield of the investment project, (v) to verify the influence of the financing, on the yield of the project; and, finally, (vi) to demonstrate the choice process among some alternatives of supply, when used as tools of aid to the purchase decision, the methods of the Internal Tax of Return and the Net Present Value. To the end of the study one concluded that the methods of the Internal Tax of Return and the Net Present Value are powerful tools in the yield evaluation and viability of investments projects. However, to only understand the methods through what they teach in books is not enough for the daily practical of capital budgeting. Literature starts from two basic points: (i) the investments analyst dominates all the countable revenues, expenditures, and investments concepts.(ii) the numerical examples are simple and easy to understand, to infer its practical applications is a contouring question to be raised and passed by the analyst. This study intends to show the conjunction of the bibliography with the practical one, therefore, from the instant that demonstrates the countable concept of the prescription, it also explains as it was constituted from the calculation of the demand, until its inclusion in the project. Thus, searching concepts of revenues, expenditures, depreciation and capital assets, disclosing its constitution and, over all, the application inside of the project, it all takes the analyst to the final part of the process, that consists in the determination of the numerical calculations, allowing to dedicate more time to the difficult task to interpret the data. Finally, understood the analysis of the economic viability of the project, the study guides the purchase of the equipment under the economic-financial point of view.

Inovações tecnológicas no setor de telecomunicações no Brasil: desafios e oportunidades do LTE para expansão da telefonia móvel.

O telefone celular teve uma grande evolução nos últimos anos, o que antes era utilizado exclusivamente para transmissão de voz, hoje tem características avançadíssimas incluindo várias evoluções tecnológicas. Dentro deste aspecto, a inovação que o LTE (Long Term Evolution) vem demonstrando em suas características realmente se destacam em relação as tecnologias que a antecederam e representa grande evolução se comparada com as outras. Foi desenvolvida no âmbito do projeto 3GPP e (3rd Generation Partners Project) promovido pelo Instituto Europeu de Normalização na área de Telecomunicações ETSI (European Telecommunications Standard Institute). As operadoras que demonstram interesse em disponibilizar esta tecnologia buscam introduzir a flexibilidade do LTE para ir ao encontro dos objetivos de suas redes existentes, espectro e negócios para banda larga móvel e serviços multimídia. O LTE promete taxas de download de 326,4Mbps, taxas de upload de 86,4Mbps, RTT ( ROUND TRIP TIME ) menos de 10 mile segundos e raio das células podendo atingir até 100km. O sistema 4G (LTE) é um sistema integrado completamente baseado em IP, que é resultado de tecnologias conectadas por fios e sem fios disponibilizando um custo acessível, atendendo as exigências de uma rede de comunicação (Wireless), serviços de transferência de mensagens multimídias, conversa com vídeo, televisão móvel de alta definição, serviços mínimos como voz e dados entre outras vantagens. Desta forma, este estudo tem por objetivo analisar quais são as oportunidades e os desafios no mercado de telefonia móvel de Telecomunicações ao implantar o sistema de tecnologia LTE demonstrando o benefício dos fabricantes e operadoras no sentido econômico e tecnológico.

Paternidade socioafetiva, adoção à brasileira e suas atuais implicações

O objetivo desta monografia é a análise do direito de família, mais especificamente do instituto da paternidade socioafeitva e seu reflexo em situações atuais como a adoção à brasileira. A metodologia deste trabalho foi baseada na revisão de pesquisas bibliográficas, doutrinárias, legislativas e jurisprudenciais. A análise discorre, primeiramente, acerca do conceito da paternidade socioafetiva e da maneira como que os vínculos sociais e afetivos têm sido avaliados como predominante em relação ao vínculo de consanguinidade, considerando o melhor interesse do menor. Posteriormente foi abordado o tema adoção, a “adoção à brasileira”, e como a mesma, tipificada como crime no Código Penal Brasileiro, pode ser solucionada pelo instituto da filiação socioafetiva. Por fim foram revisadas as apreciações de como os tribunais brasileiros adéquam o procedimento de adoção na nova realidade familiar brasileira, tendo em vista a falta de previsão legal, o que leva para os juízes a decisão acerca deste tema. Paralelamente são apresentados exemplos das decisões tomadas caracterizando jurisprudências no tema.