Dependence relationship between the critical quality factors and social impact

This paper shows the results of the empirical study conducted in 186 tourist accommodation businesses in Spain certified under the "Q for Tourist Quality", own System Quality Management. It was raised with the purpose of analyzing the structure of the relationship between critical quality factors and results-social impact, how they operate and the level of their influence on obtaining these results within the company. Starting from a deep theoretical revision we propose a theoretical model together with the hypotheses to be tested, and we proceed to validation using the technique of Structural Equation Models. The results obtained show that companies wishing to improve their social impact should take into account that leadership is the most important factor to achieve it. Leadership indirectly affects the social impact through its influence on alliances and resources, quality policy/planning, personnel management and learning.

Desenvolvimento de uma ferramenta colaborativa na área da gestão da informação/conhecimento para aplicação numa unidade de cuidados na comunidade

O presente projeto surgiu da necessidade de um instrumento de trabalho na área da gestão da informação / conhecimento a aplicar na Unidade de Cuidados na Comunidade dos Carvalhos (UCCC) que, pela sua estrutura de trabalho por projeto, abrange diversos grupos de utilizadores com perfis e necessidades específicas. Rapidamente assumiu maior dimensão, pois ao seu ponto de partida se conjugaram as oportunidades de utilização das tecnologias de informação na área da saúde, a divulgação da Unidade assim como a divulgação de informação sobre saúde e a interação com os utilizadores. O processo implicou a aplicação das metodologias de Investigação Ação e de Gestão de Projetos, resultando na criação e publicação de um espaço Web. Com o Content Management System (CMS) Joomla foi construído o Site UCC Carvalhos, que faculta simultaneamente informação sobre saúde, oportunidade de aconselhamento especializado e personalizado e permite a organização da documentação interna da Unidade referida. Nesta fase de início de vida do site estabeleceu-se como temáticas prioritárias a desenvolver a informação sobre a UCCC e o seu funcionamento assim como o projeto “Companhia das Barriguinhas”, mais concretamente a Preparação para o Parto e Parentalidade. O desenvolvimento deste projeto superou as expectativas de todos os elementos envolvidos, pois para além de permitir obter resposta às necessidades identificadas, permitiu também experimentar as metodologias referidas de forma integrada e aprofundar temáticas como a gestão da informação e conhecimento, o papel das tecnologias de informação e comunicação na Saúde e o papel do cidadão na utilização das mesmas no sentido de uma autonomia responsável na gestão da sua Saúde.

A perceção do dador de sangue face à dádiva de sangue e ao estatuto do dador de sangue

Mestrado em Gestão e Avaliação de Tecnologias da Saúde

Satisfação profissional dos profissionais de saúde: comparação entre serviços com e sem sistema de gestão da qualidade

Mestrado em Gestão e Avaliação de Tecnologias da Saúde

As relações públicas de celebridades: o contributo das relações públicas para a gestão da reputação das celebridades em Portugal

Relatório de estágio apresentado à Escola Superior de Comunicação Social como parte dos requisitos para obtenção de grau de mestre em Gestão Estratégica das Relações Públicas.

Perspectivas acerca da gestão das pessoas no contexto da reforma da administração pública - análise de dois ministérios

Comunicação apresentada no 5º Congresso Nacional de Administração Pública, em Lisboa de 29 a 30 de Outubro de 2007.

A inteligência emocional na formação em gestão da saúde : estudo de caso e proposta de modelo de avaliação

RESUMO - Introdução: A Inteligência Emocional (IE) é considerada um factor preditivo de sucesso, mais significativo do que outros tipos de inteligência e o seu estudo tem recebido cada vez maior relevância com o objectivo de aumentar os níveis de desempenho em gestão (Goleman, 2009). O desenvolvimento da IE no âmbito da formação em gestão apresenta resultados contraditórios sendo necessário confirmar o potencial de desenvolvimento da IE em programas de formação específicos. Objectivos: Confirmar a importância da IE para a gestão da saúde e perceber o seu potencial de desenvolvimento em programas de formação específicos; analisar o módulo opcional de Emoção, Liderança e Coaching na Gestão em Saúde; e construir uma proposta de modelo que avalie se a participação nessa Unidade Curricular permite aumentar os níveis de IE. Metodologia: Realizou-se uma revisão da literatura, que permitiu ter acesso aos conceitos e teorias e, posteriormente, o estudo de caso do módulo opcional que permitiu compará-lo com outras teorias existentes. Finalmente, construiu-se uma proposta de modelo de avaliação da IE, com um desenho quasi-experimental. Conclusões: A IE é um factor essencial para o sucesso, principalmente na Gestão da Saúde, pelas características do mercado e das organizações. Os instrumentos de avaliação da IE com recurso à medição de competências são os que apresentam menos limitações. O peso do módulo opcional no Curso de Mestrado em Gestão da Saúde, é pouco significativo (3,33% dos ECTS) e apenas 36,6% dos alunos o frequentaram. A estrutura do módulo está alinhada com as directrizes de outras teorias, mas a sua curta duração poderá constituir uma limitação. Sugere-se a criação de apoio tutorial individualizado e prolongado. O modelo de avaliação proposto representa a primeira tentativa de avaliação do desenvolvimento da IE na formação em Gestão da Saúde em Portugal e a sua aplicação permitiria a o aprimoramento do potencial de desenvolvimento das competências dos gestores. ---------------------------------- ABSTRACT - Introduction: Emotional Intelligence (EI) is the most predictive factor of success when compared with other types of intelligence. Since it is believed to increase performance levels, EI study has been given more relevance (Goleman, 2009). EI development studies show contradictory results, becoming necessary to prove the benefits of the development programs. Purposes: This study aimed to confirm the importance of the EI in health care management; to perceive the EI development potential of specific programs; to analyze the optional curricular unit of Emotion, Coaching and Leadership in Health Management; and to build a model that proposes to evaluate the student’s EI development. Methods: After the Literature Revision, the Case Study of the Curricular Unit allowed to compare it with other existing theories. The Model of EI evaluation consists on a quasi-experimental study. Conclusions: EI is an essential factor for success, mainly in Health Care Management, because of its market and organizations characteristics. The ability instruments of EI evaluation are those which show the least limitations. The Curricular Unit represents only 3,33% of the ECTS provided by this Health Management Master. Only 36.6% of master’s students chose to participate in this curricular unit. The structure of the curricular unit is lined up with the guide-lines of other theories. However, being a 6 weeks program, it could represent a limitation. It is suggested to create an individual and longitudinal tutorial support. The EI evaluation model proposed represents the first attempt to evaluate de EI development in Health Management programs in Portugal. Its application could increase the manager’s development efficacy.

Seroepidemiological aspects of human Strongyloides stercoralis infections in Chile

To determine the frequency of Strongyloides stercoralis antibodies by means of the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in Chile, in 2001-2003, 675 blood samples of patients of two psychiatric hospitals and 172 of healthy individuals (doctors, nurses and paramedicals) of these institutions, and 1,200 serum samples of blood donors of Northern region (Arica and Antofagasta), Central region (Valparaiso and Santiago) and Southern region (La Union) were collected. ELISA showed positivity of 12.1% in psychiatric hospitalized patients, none (0%) in the health personnel and 0.25% in blood donors (p < 0.05). Only in blood donors of Arica (1%) and La Union (0.5%) the ELISA test was positive suggesting that strongyloidiasis is focalized in determinate zones of the country. In Chile, human infections by S. stercoralis are endemic with very low frequency in apparently healthy individuals and high prevalence in risk groups such as the mentally ill hospitalized patients.

Attitudes towards mentally ill in professionals working in Ndera neuropsychiatric hospital in Rwanda

ABSTRACT: This quantitative study investigated the attitudes toward the mentally ill in professionals working in Ndera neuropsychiatric hospital. The research questions explored were centered on the attitudes of directly involved and supportive professionals toward mentally ill clients and also on the difference between the attitudes of directly involved and supportive professionals toward mentally ill clients and demographic variables. The purpose of this study was to determine whether there are differences in attitude between direct care providers and supportive professionals toward the mentally ill clients. The Community Attitudes towards Mentally Ill (CAMI) scale (Dear & Taylor, 1982; Taylor, Dear & Hall, 1979; Taylor & Dear, 1981) was used. A total of 72 members of the staff, including 55 directly involved staff and 17 supportive staff members, participated in the survey. A summary interpretation of the main findings in this thesis reinforces the assumption that negative attitudes towards people with mental illness received in Ndera neuropsychiatric hospital are in existence, even though the majority have favorable attitudes towards the mentally ill. This suggests that persons with mental illness may encounter stigmatizing attitudes from mental health professionals. This study represents one of the first to explore professionals’ attitudes towards the mentally ill. It is hoped that this work will highlight the need to explore the influence of attitudes in the delivery of high quality healthcare. The provider–patient relationship is at the heart of effective treatment and the detrimental impact of prejudicial judgments on this relationship should not be ignored. This study also demonstrates that professionals with different roles report different attitudes and this suggest that they would behave differently towards patients with mental illness. The directly involved professionals have been found to have more positive attitudes than the supportive professional and this seems to show that as individuals improve their ability to interact with persons with mental illness, they become more tolerant. The present study demonstrates that the sociodemographic variables tested have no impact on the attitudes of the professionals working in Ndera neuropsychiatric hospital. The extent of mental health training (as part of general health training) and duration of experience of working in mental health settings did not influence attitudes. Finally, this study demonstrates that there is no correlation between the attitudes towards mentally ill patients and their inclusion in the process of decision-making.

Ajudantes de acção directa : percepções sobre formação profissional e impacto da formação na prestação de cuidados a idosos dependentes internados

RESUMO: A transferência de indivíduos dependentes é uma das tarefas mais realizadas pelos ajudantes de acção directa (AAD) na prestação de cuidados a idosos, sendo crucial haver formação nesta área. No entanto, os programas de formação em transferências raramente são avaliados em termos de desempenho na realização deste tipo de tarefas. Objectivo: Este estudo teve como objectivos analisar o impacto da formação de AAD no desempenho da transferência de idosos internados na Residência São João de Ávila (RSJA) e identificar as percepções dos AAD relativamente à importância da formação profissional, formação em transferências e dificuldade sentida na sua realização. Métodos: Realizou-se um estudo com duas etapas: na primeira procedeu-se a um estudo descritivo exploratório (através de um questionário auto-administrado a 25 AAD); na segunda realizou-se um estudo quase experimental de observação com duas fases, entre as quais decorreu uma “Formação em Princípios e Conceitos Básicos em Reabilitação Física” (observação directa de 18 AAD durante a realização da transferência “deitado-sentado-cadeira” de idosos, através de uma grelha de observação). Resultados: O desempenho dos AAD na transferência melhorou após a formação. Os ajudantes manifestaram ter uma percepção positiva sobre a importância da formação profissional e da formação em transferências. Aproximadamente dois terços dos AAD revelaram não sentir dificuldades na realização de transferências. Conclusões: A formação teve um impacto positivo no desempenho dos AAD na transferência de idosos. Concluiu-se que há uma sensibilização generalizada por parte dos AAD para a importância da formação na sua profissão e, especificamente, para a formação em transferências. ---------------ABSTRACT: The transfers of dependent patients by healthcare assistants are tasks commonly used in elderly care. Therefore, it is crucial that healthcare assistants are trained to perform these tasks. However, training programs are rarely evaluated in terms of performance of these tasks. Aim: The aims of this study were 1) to determine the impact of healthcare assistant training in the transfers of the Residência São João de Ávila (RSJA) elderly patients; and 2) to analyze healthcare assistant’s perceptions about their education, their specialized training on the transfer technique, and their difficulty in performing transfers. Methods: The study was divided in two parts: an exploratory and descriptive study (self-report questionnaire applied to 25 healthcare assistants); and a quasi-experimental observation study, which involved a “training session on basic concepts and principles of physical rehabilitation” (direct observation of 18 healthcare assistants during the “bed-sitting-chair” transfer, using an observation table). Results: Healthcare assistant performance of the “bed-sitting-chair” transfer improved after training. The healthcare assistants showed positive perceptions about their education and specialized training on the transfer technique. Approximately two thirds of the assistants felt no difficulties in performing transfer tasks. Conclusions: The training had a positive influence in healthcare assistant performance. The healthcare assistants were aware of the importance of training in their profession and more specifically in transfer tasks.

Endemic Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus: Nurses' Risk Perceptions and Attitudes

Dissemination of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) remains one of the most difficult challenges for prevention, control, and treatment of health care-associated infections. A survey and interviews were conducted on nurses from a hospital center. We found that most nurses' perceived risk of acquiring MRSA related to themselves (72%), other nurses (88.5%), and patients (97.8%). This perception influences attitudes, leading to compliance with the existing recommendations.

Equity in access to MRI equipment: the Portuguese case

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a method of image diagnose proven to be of undeniable importance when it comes to neuro and cardio related diseases. In fact, these diseases (such as: ischemic heart disease, stroke and acute myocardial infection) have high incidence in Portugal. For these reasons, the allocation of this medical technology should not be considered with light thoughts. In fact, making decision of resource allocation in health care can be a very complex and contested matter. The impacts of new technology allocation, such MRI, can be assessed in a variety of ways. However, a fundamental component should always be present: the use of evidence-based decision-making methods. One of these methods is Technology Assessment (TA). This paper aims to characterize the equity on access of the Portuguese population in general, to a specific medical device such as MRI, under the TA point of view. It is hoped to promote a bridge of scientific knowledge between the gap on research and policy-making through TA that can emerge as a tool to aid decision-makers in the organization of health systems. There are gaps in providing healthcare, due to geographical imbalances, with some areas unable to provide certain specialized services, as hospitals in the countryside do not provide all medical specialties. Portugal has also a large independent private sector that provides diagnostic and therapeutic services to NHS users under contracts called conventions. These medical contracts cover ambulatory health facilities for laboratory tests and examinations such as diagnostic tests and Radiology. However, there is no convention from the NHS when concerning the MRI exam. Therefore, this reality can be considered a limitation in the access of the general population to this kind of clinical exam. TA can play an useful and important role in helping the decision-makers to explore potential gains that might be achieved by introducing a more rational decision making into health care management, namely into the Radiology area, regarding the allocation of MRI equipment.

Quantification of HIV-1 viral RNA in the blood in needles used for venous puncture in HIV-infected individuals

INTRODUCTION: Occupational HIV infection among healthcare workers is an important issue in exposures involving blood and body fluids. There are few data in the literature regarding the potential and the duration of infectivity of HIV type 1 (HIV-1) in contaminated material under adverse conditions. METHODS: We quantified HIV-1 viral RNA in 25×8mm calibre hollow-bore needles, after punctures, in 25 HIV-1-infected patients selected during the sample collection. All of the patients selected were between the ages of 18 and 55. Five samples were collected from 16 patients: one sample for the immediate quantification of HIV-1 RNA in the plasma and blood samples from the interior of 4 needles to be analyzed at 0h, 6h, 24h, and 72h after collection. In nine patients, another test was carried out in the blood from one additional needle, in which HIV-1 RNA was assessed 168h after blood collection. The method used to assess HIV-1 RNA was nucleic acid sequence-based amplification. RESULTS: Up to 7 days after collection, HIV-1 RNA was detected in all of the needles. The viral RNA remained stable up to 168h, and there were no statistically significant differences among the needle samples. CONCLUSIONS: Although the infectivity of the viral material in the needles is unknown, the data indicate the need to re-evaluate the practices in cases of occupational accidents in which the source is not identified.

Epidemiological study of hepatitis B and C in a municipality with rural characteristics: Cássia dos Coqueiros, State of São Paulo, Brazil

Abstract: INTRODUCTION: Hepatitis B and C viral infections remain an important cause of global morbidity and mortality. Studies have been conducted in population groups of large cities, leaving gaps in the knowledge regarding the situation in small municipalities. We aimed to measure the prevalence of hepatitis B and C markers and presence of infection-associated factors. METHODS: All inhabitants of Cássia dos Coqueiros aged ≥18 years who agreed to participate in the research were included. We collected blood as well as information via a questionnaire between March 2011 and December 2013. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted. RESULTS: Among the 1,001 participants, 41 (4.1%) participants had a serological profile of hepatitis B viral exposure, and only one (0.1%) participant was considered a virus carrier. The frequency of isolated antibody to hepatitis B virus surface antigen (anti-HBs) markers was 17.8% for the overall population. In the multivariate analysis, hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection was associated with age, birth outside the State of São Paulo, history of hepatitis, ≥2 sexual partners in the last 6 months, and tattoos. Four (0.4%) participants had a serological profile of hepatitis C viral exposure. However, after confirmation using viral ribonucleic acid (RNA) evaluation, only one (0.1%) individual remained positive. CONCLUSIONS: The positivity rates for hepatitis B and C were low, despite greater sexual freedom and the recent emergence of illicit drugs, as observed by the health personnel working in Cássia dos Coqueiros.

Traitement pharmacologique de la schizophrénie: évaluation comparative de la qualité des recommandations de pratique clinique [Comparative evaluation of clinical practice guidelines for the treatment of schizophrenia]

INTRODUCTION: Many clinical practice guidelines (CPG) have been published in reply to the development of the concept of "evidence-based medicine" (EBM) and as a solution to the difficulty of synthesizing and selecting relevant medical literature. Taking into account the expansion of new CPG, the question of choice arises: which CPG to consider in a given clinical situation? It is of primary importance to evaluate the quality of the CPG, but until recently, there has been no standardized tool of evaluation or comparison of the quality of the CPG. An instrument of evaluation of the quality of the CPG, called "AGREE" for appraisal of guidelines for research and evaluation was validated in 2002. AIM OF THE STUDY: The six principal CPG concerning the treatment of schizophrenia are compared with the help of the "AGREE" instrument: (1) "the Agence nationale pour le développement de l'évaluation médicale (ANDEM) recommendations"; (2) "The American Psychiatric Association (APA) practice guideline for the treatment of patients with schizophrenia"; (3) "The quick reference guide of APA practice guideline for the treatment of patients with schizophrenia"; (4) "The schizophrenia patient outcomes research team (PORT) treatment recommendations"; (5) "The Texas medication algorithm project (T-MAP)" and (6) "The expert consensus guideline for the treatment of schizophrenia". RESULTS: The results of our study were then compared with those of a similar investigation published in 2005, structured on 24 CPG tackling the treatment of schizophrenia. The "AGREE" tool was also used by two investigators in their study. In general, the scores of the two studies differed little and the two global evaluations of the CPG converged; however, each of the six CPG is perfectible. DISCUSSION: The rigour of elaboration of the six CPG was in general average. The consideration of the opinion of potential users was incomplete, and an effort made in the presentation of the recommendations would facilitate their clinical use. Moreover, there was little consideration by the authors regarding the applicability of the recommendations. CONCLUSION: Globally, two CPG are considered as strongly recommended: "the quick reference guide of the APA practice guideline for the treatment of patients with schizophrenia" and "the T-MAP".