Synthesis and biological activity of sulfur compounds showing structural analogy with combretastatin A-4

We extended our previous exploration of sulfur bridges as bioisosteric replacements for atoms forming the bridge between the aromatic rings of combretastatin A-4. Employing coupling reactions between 5-iodo-1,2,3-trimethoxybenzene and substituted thiols, followed by oxidation to sulfones with m-CPBA, different locations for attaching the sulfur atom to ring A through the synthesis of nine compounds were examined. Antitubulin activity was performed with electrophoretically homogenous bovine brain tubulin, and activity occurred with the 1,2,3-trimethoxy-4-[(4-methoxyphenyl)thio]benzene (12), while the other compounds were inactive. The compounds were also tested for leishmanicidal activity using promastigote forms of Leishmania braziliensis (MHOM/BR175/M2904), and the greatest activity was observed with 1,2,3-trimethoxy-4-(phenylthio)benzene (10) and 1,2,3-trimethoxy-4-[(4-methoxyphenyl) sulfinyl]benzene (15).

Fotodegradação de fenol e clorofenóis por processo foto-Fenton mediado por ferrioxalato

A influência de parâmetros operacionais como a agitação da solução durante irradiação solar e a vazão de alimentação de um fotorreator com irradiação artificial foi avaliada na fotodegradação de 2-clorofenol (2CF) e 2,4-diclorofenol (DCF) por processo foto-Fenton mediado por ferrioxalato. Após avaliação destes parâmetros, os sistemas foram aplicados na fotodegradação de fenol e de mono, (2-clorofenol e 4-clorofenol), di (2,4-diclorofenol) e tri (2,4,6-triclorofenol) clorofenóis a fim de avaliar a eficiência de fotodegradação destes compostos sob irradiação solar e artificial. Foi observada pequena diferença nas porcentagens de remoção de carbono orgânico total (COT) e de geração de íons cloreto nos experimentos de fotodegradação de 2CF sem agitação e com agitação sob irradiação solar. Sob irradiação artificial, um aumento da vazão de alimentação do sistema resultou em menor porcentagem de remoção de COT, ao passo que uma maior velocidade de remoção foi obtida devido a um menor tempo de irradiação. Foi então utilizada uma vazão intermediária de 33,4 mL min-1. Sob irradiação solar, foram necessários 15 minutos de irradiação para a completa remoção de todos os clorofenóis, entretanto para fenol, a completa remoção foi atingida em 20 minutos. Sob irradiação artificial, os clorofenóis foram removidos entre 4,5 e 6,5 minutos de irradiação. A velocidade de degradação aumenta ligeiramente com o aumento do número de cloros ligados ao anel aromático tanto sob irradiação artificial como solar.

Fotoquímica e fotofísica do ácido 1,4-bis(3-carbóxi-3-oxo-prop-1-enil)benzeno

Este trabalho versa sobre a caracterização espectroscópica do ácido 1,4-bis(3-carbóxi-3-oxo-prop-1-enil)benzeno, substância com potencialidade em complexação de íons metálicos. Para isto foram obtidos espectros de UV/VIS do composto em meio aquoso na presença e ausência de irradiação no ultra-violeta. Foram obtidos um coeficiente de extinção molar de 36.457 L mol-1 cm-1 e uma taxa de degradação de 5,2.10-7 mol L-1 min-1, quando se irradiou uma solução do composto cuja concentração era de 3,2.10-5 mol L-1 em uma cubeta de quartzo de 10mm de caminho ótico a 7,0cm de uma lâmpada de mercúrio de 80W.

Recovery and refining of manganese as by-product from hydrometallurgical processes

The consumption of manganese is increasing, but huge amounts of manganese still end up in waste in hydrometallurgical processes. The recovery of manganese from multi-metal solutions at low concentrations may not be economical. In addition, poor iron control typically prevents the production of high purity manganese. Separation of iron from manganese can be done with chemical precipitation or solvent extraction methods. Combined carbonate precipitation with air oxidation is a feasible method to separate iron and manganese due to the fast kinetics, good controllability and economical reagents. In addition the leaching of manganese carbonate is easier and less acid consuming than that of hydroxide or sulfide precipitates. Selective iron removal with great efficiency from MnSO4 solution is achieved by combined oxygen or air oxidation and CaCO3 precipitation at pH > 5.8 and at a redox potential of > 200 mV. In order to avoid gypsum formation, soda ash should be used instead of limestone. In such case, however, extra attention needs to be paid on the reagents mole ratios in order to avoid manganese coprecipitation. After iron removal, pure MnSO4 solution was obtained by solvent extraction using organophosphorus reagents, di-(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid (D2EHPA) and bis(2,4,4- trimethylpentyl)phosphinic acid (CYANEX 272). The Mn/Ca and Mn/Mg selectivities can be increased by decreasing the temperature from the commonly used temperatures (40 –60oC) to 5oC. The extraction order of D2EHPA (Ca before Mn) at low temperature remains unchanged but the lowering of temperature causes an increase in viscosity and slower phase separation. Of these regents, CYANEX 272 is selective for Mn over Ca and, therefore, it would be the better choice if there is Ca present in solution. A three-stage Mn extraction followed by a two-stage scrubbing and two-stage sulfuric acid stripping is an effective method of producing a very pure MnSO4 intermediate solution for further processing. From the intermediate MnSO4 some special Mn- products for ion exchange applications were synthesized and studied. Three types of octahedrally coordinated manganese oxide materials as an alternative final product for manganese were chosen for synthesis: layer structured Nabirnessite, tunnel structured Mg-todorokite and K-kryptomelane. As an alternative source of pure MnSO4 intermediate, kryptomelane was synthesized by using a synthetic hydrometallurgical tailings. The results show that the studied OMS materials adsorb selectively Cu, Ni, Cd and K in the presence of Ca and Mg. It was also found that the exchange rates were reasonably high due to the small particle dimensions. Materials are stable in the studied conditions and their maximum Cu uptake capacity was 1.3 mmol/g. Competitive uptake of metals and acid was studied using equilibrium, batch kinetic and fixed-bed measurements. The experimental data was correlated with a dynamic model, which also accounts for the dissolution of the framework manganese. Manganese oxide micro-crystals were also bound onto silica to prepare a composite material having a particle size large enough to be used in column separation experiments. The MnOx/SiO2 ratio was found to affect significantly the properties of the composite. The higher the ratio, the lower is the specific surface area, the pore volume and the pore size. On the other hand, higher amount of silica binder gives composites better mechanical properties. Birnesite and todorokite can be aggregated successfully with colloidal silica at pH 4 and with MnO2/SiO2 weight ratio of 0.7. The best gelation and drying temperature was 110oC and sufficiently strong composites were obtained by additional heat-treatment at 250oC for 2 h. The results show that silica–supported MnO2 materials can be utilized to separate copper from nickel and cadmium. The behavior of the composites can be explained reasonably well with the presented model and the parameters estimated from the data of the unsupported oxides. The metal uptake capacities of the prepared materials were quite small. For example, the final copper loading was 0.14 mmol/gMnO2. According to the results the special MnO2 materials are potential for a specific environmental application to uptake harmful metal ions.

Expressão da proteína erbB-2 e dos receptores de hormônios na transição das regiões in situ para invasora de tumores da mama

OBJETIVOS: avaliar a expressão de erbB-2 e dos receptores hormonais para estrógeno e progesterona (RE/RP) nas regiões de transição entre as frações in situ e invasoras de neoplasias ductais da mama (CDIS e CDI, respectivamente). MÉTODOS: oitenta e cinco casos de neoplasias mamárias, contendo regiões contíguas de CDIS e CDI, foram selecionados. Espécimes histológicos das áreas de CDIS e de CDI foram obtidos através da técnica de tissue microarray (TMA). As expressões da erbB-2 e dos RE/RP foram avaliadas por meio de imunoistoquímica convencional. A comparação da expressão da erbB-2 e dos RE/RP nas frações in situ e invasoras da mama foi realizada com emprego do teste de McNemar. Os intervalos de confiança foram determinados em 5% (p=0,05). Foram calculados coeficientes de correlação intraclasse (ICC) para avaliar a concordância na tabulação cruzada da expressão de erbB-2 e RE/RP nas frações de CDIS e CDI. RESULTADOS: a expressão da erbB-2 não diferiu entre as áreas de CDIS e CDI (p=0,38). Comparando caso a caso suas áreas de CDIS e CDI, houve boa concordância na expressão da erbB-2 (coeficiente de correlação intraclasse, ICC=0,64), dos RP (ICC = 0,71) e dos RE (ICC = 0,64). Considerando apenas tumores cujo componente in situ apresentasse áreas de necrose (comedo), o ICC para erbB-2 foi de 0,4, comparado a 0,6 no conjunto completo de casos. Os ICC não diferiram substancialmente daqueles obtidos com o conjunto completo de espécimes em relação aos RE/RP: para RE, ICC=0,7 (versus 0,7 no conjunto completo), e para RP, ICC=0,7 (versus 0,6 no conjunto completo). CONCLUSÕES: nossos achados sugerem que as expressões de erbB-2 e RE/RP não diferem nos componentes contíguos in situ e invasivo em tumores ductais da mama.

Caracterização molecular de DNA de Delta papillomavirus bovino (BPV1, 2 e 13) em sarcoides equinos

Resumo:Sarcoides são tumores fibroblásticos, considerados os tumores de pele mais comuns em pele de equinos e que raramente apresentam regressão espontânea. Papilomavírus bovino (BPV) tipos 1 e 2 são relacionados com a patogenia do sarcoide e, provavelmente, o BPV tipo 13 (BPV13), recentemente descrito, também pode estar associado com a formação dessa lesão. Neste estudo, 20 amostras de lesões cutâneas, sendo 12 constituídas por tecidos frescos e 8 amostras de tecido fixado em formalina e embebido em parafina, provenientes de 15 cavalos foram utilizadas para a identificação do DNA de BPV. A análise histopatológica (HE) confirmou todas as lesões como sarcoide. Para a amplificação do DNA de papilomavírus (PV) foram realizadas três reações de PCR. Como triagem, os primers IFNR2/IDNT2 foram utilizados para amplificar um fragmento da ORF L1 do PV. O segundo par de primersutilizado é complementar a sequência dos genes E5 e L2 de BPVs 1, 2 e 13. O terceiro par de primers(FAP59/FAP64) utilizado tem o gene L1 como alvo. A primeira e a segunda PCRs permitiram amplificar produtos em todas as amostras avaliadas. Entretanto, na terceira reação, na qual foram utilizados os primers FAP, foi possível amplificar produtos com tamanho molecular esperado somente nas amostras constituídas por tecidos frescos. O sequenciamento de nucleotídeos e as análises filogenéticas realizadas nos fragmentos E5L2 resultaram na identificação de BPV1, 2 e 13 em 14 (70%), 2 (10%) e em 4 (20%) amostras de sarcoides, respectivamente. As amostras de sarcoides de um dos animais continha somente o DNA de BPV1. Entretanto, nas amostras provenientes do segundo cavalo foi possível identificar o DNA de três tipos de Deltapapillomavirus bovino (BPV1, 2 e 13) em lesões distintas. Este estudo ratifica a presença do DNA de BPV1, 2 e 13 em lesões de sarcoides em equinos, além de identificar três tipos de BPVs em um mesmo animal e descrever pela primeira vez no Brasil a presença de BPV1 e 2 nesse tipo de lesão.

Controle de plantas daninhas na cultura do arroz de sequeiro (Oryza sativa L.)

Com o objetivo de verificar o controle de plantas daninhas com herbicidas na cultura do arroz de sequeiro, foi conduzido o presente experimento em um latossolo roxo, série Jaboticabal com 4,82% de m.o, utilizando-se a variedade Pratão Precoce. Foram util izados os seguintes tratamentos com as respectivas doses em kg do i.a/ha: pendimethalin a 0,75, 1,00 e 1,50; AC-92390 a 1,00, 2,00 e 3,00; butachlor a 2,05; benthiocarb a 4,50; oxadiazon a 1,0 todos em pré emergência; e propanil a 4,32; propanil + 2,4-D amina a 2,88 + 0,36 e propanil + parathion metílico a 1,98 + 0,24, em pósemergência aos 29 dias após o plantio. As plantas daninhas que ocorreram em maior densidade foram: carrapicho-de-carneiro (Acanthospermum hispidum D.C.) , trapoe raba (Commelina sp.), falsa-dormideira (Cassia patellaria D.C.), anileira (Indigofera hirsuta L.), capimcarrapicho (Cenchrus echinatus L.), beldroega (Portulacca oleracea L.) e guanxuma (Sida sp.). O carrapicho-de-carneiro só foi controlado pelos tratamentos em pós -emergência; a falsa-dormideira pelo butachlor e pelos tratamentos em pós-emergência. No controle geral os melhores indices foram obtidos com os tratamentos em pós-emergência. Os tratamentos em pré-emergência foram capinados aos 36 dias após o pl antio devido ao baixo controle do carrapicho-de-carneiro, e os de pós-emergência aos 54 di as devid o ao baixo controle da trapoeraba. Quanto à fitotoxicidade à cultura o tratamento propanil + parathion metflico atingiu fitotoxicidade quase forte (nota 5,8) pela escala E.W.R.C., todavia não houve diferença significativa entre os diferentes tratamentos com herbicida na produção de grãos.

A simple HPLC-fluorescence method for the measurement of R,S-sotalol in the plasma of patients with life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias

R,S-sotalol, a ß-blocker drug with class III antiarrhythmic properties, is prescribed to patients with ventricular, atrial and supraventricular arrhythmias. A simple and sensitive method based on HPLC-fluorescence is described for the quantification of R,S-sotalol racemate in 500 µl of plasma. R,S-sotalol and its internal standard (atenolol) were eluted after 5.9 and 8.5 min, respectively, from a 4-micron C18 reverse-phase column using a mobile phase consisting of 80 mM KH2PO4, pH 4.6, and acetonitrile (95:5, v/v) at a flow rate of 0.5 ml/min with detection at lex = 235 nm and lem = 310 nm, respectively. This method, validated on the basis of R,S-sotalol measurements in spiked blank plasma, presented 20 ng/ml sensitivity, 20-10,000 ng/ml linearity, and 2.9 and 4.8% intra- and interassay precision, respectively. Plasma sotalol concentrations were determined by applying this method to investigate five high-risk patients with atrial fibrillation admitted to the Emergency Service of the Medical School Hospital, who received sotalol, 160 mg po, as loading dose. Blood samples were collected from a peripheral vein at zero, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 6.0, 8.0, 12.0 and 24.0 h after drug administration. A two-compartment open model was applied. Data obtained, expressed as mean, were: CMAX = 1230 ng/ml, TMAX = 1.8 h, AUCT = 10645 ng h-1 ml-1, Kab = 1.23 h-1, a = 0.95 h-1, ß = 0.09 h-1, t(1/2)ß = 7.8 h, ClT/F = 3.94 ml min-1 kg-1, and Vd/F = 2.53 l/kg. A good systemic availability and a fast absorption were obtained. Drug distribution was reduced to the same extent in terms of total body clearance when patients and healthy volunteers were compared, and consequently elimination half-life remained unchanged. Thus, the method described in the present study is useful for therapeutic drug monitoring purposes, pharmacokinetic investigation and pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic sotalol studies in patients with tachyarrhythmias.

In vitro antimicrobial activity of a new series of 1,4-naphthoquinones

The antibacterial activity of a series of 1,4-naphthoquinones was demonstrated. Disk diffusion tests were carried out against several Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The compound 5-amino-8-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone was the most effective, presenting inhibition zones measuring 20 mm against staphylococci, streptococci and bacilli at 50 µg/ml. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and several clinical isolates of this bacterium were also inhibited. Naphthazarin, 5-acetamido-8-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone, and 2,3-diamino-1,4-naphthoquinone were the next most active compounds. The minimal inhibitory concentration of the active compounds was determined against S. aureus, ranging from 30 to 125 µg/ml. All compounds presented a minimal bactericidal concentration higher than 500 µg/ml, indicating that their effect was bacteriostatic. The EC50, defined as the drug concentration that produces 50% of maximal effect, was 8 µg/ml for 5-amino-8-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone against S. aureus, S. intermedius, and S. epidermidis. These results indicate an effective in vitro activity of 5-amino-8-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone and encourage further studies for its application in antibiotic therapy.

Activation of endogenous angiotensin converting enzyme 2 prevents early injuries induced by hyperglycemia in rat retina

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a serious complication of diabetes mellitus that may result in blindness. We evaluated the effects of activation of endogenous angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) 2 on the early stages of DR. Rats were administered an intravenous injection of streptozotocin to induce hyperglycemia. The ACE2 activator 1-[[2-(dimethylamino) ethyl] amino]-4-(hydroxymethyl)-7-[[(4-methylphenyl) sulfonyl] oxy]-9H-xanthone 9 (XNT) was administered by daily gavage. The death of retinal ganglion cells (RGC) was evaluated in histological sections, and retinal ACE2, caspase-3, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expressions were analyzed by immunohistochemistry. XNT treatment increased ACE2 expression in retinas of hyperglycemic (HG) rats (control: 13.81±2.71 area%; HG: 14.29±4.30 area%; HG+XNT: 26.87±1.86 area%; P<0.05). Importantly, ACE2 activation significantly increased the RCG number in comparison with HG animals (control: 553.5±14.29; HG: 530.8±10.3 cells; HG+XNT: 575.3±16.5 cells; P<0.05). This effect was accompanied by a reduction in the expression of caspase-3 in RGC of the HG+XNT group when compared with untreated HG rats (control: 18.74±1.59; HG: 38.39±3.39 area%; HG+XNT: 27.83±2.80 area%; P<0.05). Treatment with XNT did not alter the VEGF expression in HG animals (P>0.05). Altogether, these findings indicate that activation of ACE2 reduced the death of retinal ganglion cells by apoptosis in HG rats.

Evaluation of antioxidants stability by thermal analysis and its protective effect in heated edible vegetable oil

In this work, through the use of thermal analysis techniques, the thermal stabilities of some antioxidants were investigated, in order to evaluate their resistance to thermal oxidation in oils, by heating canola vegetable oil, and to suggest that antioxidants would be more appropriate to increase the resistance of vegetable oils in the thermal degradation process in frying. The techniques used were: Thermal Gravimetric (TG) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) analyses, as well as an allusion to a possible protective action of the vegetable oils, based on the thermal oxidation of canola vegetable oil in the laboratory under constant heating at 180 ºC/8 hours for 10 days. The studied antioxidants were: ascorbic acid, sorbic acid, citric acid, sodium erythorbate, BHT (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxytoluene), BHA (2, 3-tert-butyl-4-methoxyphenol), TBHQ (tertiary butyl hydroquinone), PG (propyl gallate) - described as antioxidants by ANVISA and the FDA; and also the phytic acid antioxidant and the SAIB (sucrose acetate isobutyrate) additive, which is used in the food industry, in order to test its behavior as an antioxidant in vegetable oil. The following antioxidants: citric acid, sodium erythorbate, BHA, BHT, TBHQ and sorbic acid decompose at temperatures below 180 ºC, and therefore, have little protective action in vegetable oils undergoing frying processes. The antioxidants below: phytic acid, ascorbic acid and PG, are the most resistant and begin their decomposition processes at temperatures between 180 and 200 ºC. The thermal analytical techniques have also shown that the SAIB antioxidant is the most resistant to oxidative action, and it can be a useful choice in the thermal decomposition prevention of edible oils, improving stability regarding oxidative processes.

Antioxidant activities of fractions from longan pericarps

The antioxidant activities of ethanolic crude extract (LPCE) and its four different solvent sub-fractions (namely, diethyl ether fraction (LPDF), ethyl acetate fraction (LPEF), n-butyl alcohol fraction (LPBF) and residue fraction (LPR)) from longan pericarps were investigated employing various systems including 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)/ 2,2'-amino-di(2-ethyl-benzothiazoline sulphonic acid-6)ammonium salt (ABTS)/hydroxyl radical scavenging activity, total phenolic content and reducing power. Each extract showed concentration-dependent antioxidant activity. LPEF showed the highest scavenging activity against DPPH, ABTS and hydroxyl radicals with EC50 values of 0.506, 0.228 and 4.489 mg/mL, respectively. LPEF showed the highest reducing power with EC50 values of 0.253 mg/mL. The next was LPDF with EC50 values of 0.260 mg/mL. LPEF possessed the highest total phenolic content (230.816 mg/g, expressed as gallic acid equivalents), followed by LPDF, LPBF, LPCE and LPR. The results suggested that longan pericarp fractions possessed significant antioxidant activities and could be a promising source of natural antioxidant.

Trois ans de séjour en Espagne, dans l'intérieur du pays, sur les pontons, à Cadix, et dans l'île de Cabrera. Tome 2 / .. accompagnés d'une relation intéressante et inédite du sort des prisonniers français, pendant leur détention à Cadix et dans l'île de Cabrera, par J. Quantin ; et suivis d'un Mémoire sur le sort des prisonniers français à bord des pontons anglais depuis 1793 jusqu'en 1814, par M. P. Saint-Aubin,...

Comprend : Mémoire sur le sort des prisonniers français à bord des pontons anglais depuis 1793 jusqu'en 1814

[4 lettres de Paul Porel à Jules Massenet, 1888-[1893]]

f.1-2 : lettre, f.3-4 : télégrammes, f.5-6 : carte, datée d'après le contenu du texte

Recueil de lettres et de pièces originales, et de copies de pièces indiquées comme telles dans le dépouillement qui suit.

Contient : 1 Lettre, en latin, avec traduction française, de « WILHELMUS, utriusque Bavariae dux », et « LUDOVICUS, utriusque Bavariae dux... domino Anne a Momorancii,... decima die mai, anno M.D.XXXXII » ; 2 Lettre, en italien, de « FRANCESCO [MARIA SFORZA], duca de Milano... al illustrissimo... monsignore de Momoransi,... Cremonae, XIII novembris M.D.XXVI » ; 3 Lettre, en italien, de FRANÇOIS SFORCE, « dux Mediolani... Alberto Maravilliae,... Da Bologna, alli XVII di decembre M.D.XXXII » ; 4 « Articles sur le faict de la paix, baillez par monseigneur d'Arras à monseigneur le cardinal d'Imole, en janvier 1554 ». En italien. Copie ; 5 Articles, en italien, d'un traité passé entre François, duc de Milan, et les huit cantons de la ligue grise. Copie ; 6 Lettre, en italien, de FREDERIC II, marquis de Mantoue. « In Mantua, alli XX de marzo M.D.XXIX » ; 7 Lettre, en italien, de FREDERIC II, marquis de Mantoue, à François Ier. « In Mantua, alli XIX de marzo M.D.XXIX » ; 8 Lettre, en italien, du duc de Ferrare, ALPHONSE Ier, à Anne de Montmorency. « Ferrara, XII de settembre 1530 » ; 9 Lettre, en espagnol, du « condestable de Castylla... al yllustre señor mayordomo... del señor rey... De Fuente Rabia, a dos de abril » ; 10 Lettre, en italien, de « THEODORO TRIVULTIO,... al re... De Genova, allo ultimo di febraro M.D.XXVIII » ; 11 Lettre, en italien, de « JOAN BAPTISTA DI MEDIZI,... a monsignore lo gran metro... In Poenzi, a di II zenaro 1527 » ; 12 Lettre, en italien, de « THEODORO TRIVULTIO,... al re... De Lyone, alli XV genaro M.D.XXVI » ; 13 Lettre, en italien, de « PETRO FREGOSO,... a monsignor el gran maestro de Franza... Da Nove, alli V di decembre M.D.XXVII » ; 14 Lettre, en latin, avec une traduction française, de « WOLFGANGUS, comes palatinus Rheni, dux Bavariae... domino Hannae, duci Momorantiae,... Neoburgi ad Danubium, IIIIa januarii... M.D.LXI » ; 15 Lettre, en italien, de « ALFONSO DA ESTE,... alla serma regina de Franza... De Ferrara, a di XXI di maggio 1530 » ; 16 Lettre, en italien, de « MARAVELIA,... all' illustrissimo... monsignore el gran maiestro... In campo a Pioltelo, a di 8 novembre 1526 » ; 17 Réponse, en italien, d'«ANGELO PISANO » au roi François Ier. « Venetiis, XVII martii M.D.XXX » ; 18 Lettre, en italien, de « J. FREGOSO,... à monseigneur le grant maistre de France... In Saona, il decimo d'ottobre M.D.XXVI » ; 19 Lettre, en italien, de « THEODORO TRIVULTIO,... a monsignor el gran maestro de Franza... De Genova, alli XXVII di genaro M.D.XXVIII » ; 20 Lettre, en italien, de « LUIS DE GONZAGA,... a... monsignor gran maestro di Franza... Da Castel Giffredo, alli XXVI di ottobre M.D.XXVII » ; 21 Lettre, en italien, de « CAMILLO URSINO,... a... monsignore de Momoranzi, gran mastro de Francia... In Monopoli, a di 6 de magio 1529 » ; 22 Lettre, en italien, de « UGO DI PEPOLI,... a Madama... Di Parma, al ultimo de ottobre M.D.XXVI » ; 23 Lettre, en italien, de « GOTTIFREDO CARAZOLO,... a... monsignor de Memoransi, gran maestro de Frantia... In Roma, a di 2 de augto 1530 » ; 24 Lettre, en italien, de « GREGORIO CASALI,... a... monsignor lo gran mastro di Francia... In Roma, alli V di maggio M.D.XXXI » ; 25 Lettre, en italien, de « GUIDO RANGONE,... a... monsignor de Memoransi,... Di Modena, a li IX di zenaro 1525 » ; 26 Lettre, en italien, « de THEODORO TRIVULTIO,... a monsignor il gran maestro de Francia... Da Alexandria, alli XI de marcio » ; 27 Lettre, en italien, de « GREGORIO CASALI,... a... monsignore lo gran mastro di Francia... In Roma, a li XXVIII di giugno M.D.XXIX » ; 28 Lettre, en italien, de « GALEATIO VESCONTE,... à monseigneur le grant maestre » ; 29 Lettre, en italien, de « GREGORIO CASALI,... a... monsignor il sigr cardinale di Gramonte... Da Roma, alli VII di marzo 1531 » ; 30 Lettre, en italien, de « JOVANNE CLEMENTE STANGHA,... a... monseigneur de Memoransi,... A Cremona, a di 23 aprile 1522 » ; 31 Lettre, en italien, de « FRANCESCO [MARIA] SFORZA,... allo... signore... de Momoransi, gran maiestro de Franza... Cremae, die X augusti M.D.XXVI » ; 32 Lettre de « THEODORO TRIVULTIO,... à monseigneur le grant maistre... De Lyon, ce XXIe jour d'aoust » ; 33 Lettre, en italien, de « THEODORO TRIVULTIO,... al re... De Lyone, a li XX settembre M.D.XXVI » ; 34 « Double de lettres du sieur RENZO DE CERE, escriptes à monseigneur de Vely, conseiller du roy... De Barlette en la Pouille, ce dernier jour de fevrier » ; 35 Lettre, en italien, de « GALEATIO VESCONTE,... al... re... A Milano, XXVIIII marzo » ; 36 Lettre, en latin, de l'évêque et des consuls de Sion «... domino magno magistro Franciae... Seduni, prima novembris, anno M.V.C.XXX » ; 37 Lettre, en italien, de « GALEATIO VESCONTE,... al signore gran maestro... In Olevano, a lo primo de magio » ; 38 Lettre, en italien, de « FEDERICO CARAFA,... a... monsignore de Memoransi,... In Barletta, a di XVI de settembre 1528 » ; 39 Lettre, en espagnol, de « la contese DE VALES,... crestianisimo... rey de Fransa... De Burjes, a XXV de enaro, año de mil y quinientos XXVIII » ; 40 Lettre, en italien, de « AMBROSIO,... a... monsignore il cardinal Triultii, legato de latere... XII di septembre 1536 » ; 41 Lettre, en italien, de « FRANCESCO VIMERCATO,... a... monsignore il contestabile... Da Nove, a XXII di marzo 1550 » ; 42 Lettre, en italien, de « BAPTISTA DI MEDIZI,... a... monsignore gran metro... In Castel de Musto, a di primo febraro 1527 » ; 43 « Double de lettres », en italien, « adressées à troys cardinaulx » ; 44 « Copie », en italien, « d'une lettre ou article d'icelle du gouverneur de la cité de Mursie... envoyée au reverendissime cardinal de Perouse, chamberlain de nostre sainct pere... Mursie, le second jour de mars » ; 45 Copie, en italien, d'une lettre adressée au roi François Ier par la sublime Porte. «... Alli anni del propheta 954, in la nostra sedia d'Andrinopoli »