Caldo do caldo: memória do espetáculo de dança paraibano caldo da cana

This research investigated the dance piece Caldo da Cana which premiered in João Pessoa-PB, in September 1984. It problematizes theoretical and practical way to make dance history, investigating this possibility through the dance itself. Arises from the fact that the dance has specific characteristics that can not be neglected by the historical account. In this sense, it was initiated by the raising of a theoretical framework that speaks to the indicated issues and unfolds through a field study, which included collecting testimonies from people who participated in the show, documentary research, gathering material traces and finally consists a practical part by transposing elaborated historical knowledge into the body through a creative process, resulting on this moment, in the construction of a duo dance

O corpo na dança - A dança no corpo

Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada ao Instituto Superior de Psicologia Aplicada para obtenção de grau de Mestre na especialidade de Psicologia Clínica.

Benefícios da Dança no desenvolvimento integral de um indivíduo com Síndrome de Down

Através da prática de dança poderão ocorrer melhorias em aspetos motores, aumento da auto estima, bem como, da independência funcional e relação a nível social. A dança pode ter influência física e intelectual nos indivíduos com Síndrome de Down e a dança pode ser um facilitador de desenvolvimento que ajuda a melhorar a qualidade de vida de um individuo com deficiência e a ultrapassar as limitações inerentes à problemática. O presente estudo teve como objetivo central perceber quais são os benefícios e qual a importância que a dança tem, especificamente, ao nível do desenvolvimento integral de um individuo com Síndrome de Down. É um estudo de caso, cuja unidade de análise recai sobre uma amostra única, um sujeito do sexo feminino com dezoito anos de idade, com Síndrome de Down que frequenta um centro atividades ocupacionais de uma instituição pública de educação especial. De forma a garantir a fiabilidade das interpretações do investigador e consequentemente que o estudo pudesse contribuir para o aumento de reflexões sobre o tema, optou-se por utilizar diversas fontes de dados, gerando-se condições para a sua triangulação. Realizou-se a entrevista semiestruturada ao sujeito com Síndrome de Down, aplicou-se o inquérito por questionário a dez técnicos da Instituição, à professora de dança e aos pais do sujeito e recorreu-se à análise de documentos. Conclui-se que a dança trouxe benefícios ao nível do desenvolvimento integral do individuo com Síndrome de Down. Os benefícios evidenciados pelo indivíduo prendem-se com o domínio emocional (calma, segurança, prazer e descoberta). Os pais evidenciam o domínio afetivo (expressão, controlo de impulsividade e a afectividade positiva), a professora de dança e os técnicos evidenciam o domínio social (companheirismo, da integração social e relação interpessoal) e o domínio emocional (bem-estar, efetividade positiva e a espontaneidade), como os mais trabalhados ao nível do seu desenvolvimento integral. Todos os intervenientes do estudo evidenciaram que a dança contribuiu para a melhoria de qualidade de vida do indivíduo praticante, do seu bem estar e promoveu a sua inclusão na Instituição.

Epidemiologia das lesões em bailarinas de dança clássica

Projeto de Graduação apresentado à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de Licenciada em Fisioterapia

Efeitos da dança criativa em mulheres idosas

Objectivo: Verificar os efeitos da prática da Dança Criativa (DC) em mulheres idosas, no peso (P), altura (A), índice de massa corporal (IMC), perímetro abdominal (PA), força, resistência e flexibilidade dos membros superiores e inferiores (F, R, FL-MS/MI), mobilidade física (MF) [agilidade (AG), velocidade (V), equilíbrio dinâmico (ED)], resistência aeróbia (RA) e satisfação com a vida (SV). Método: A amostra foi de 57 mulheres, entre os 65 e os 80 anos, tendo sido distribuídas aleatoriamente pelo grupo de controlo (GC) (n=25) e pelo grupo experimental (GE) (n=32). Este último frequentou aulas de DC durante 6 meses, 3 vezes por semana, com a duração de 50'. A análise estatística foi efectuada através do SPSS 17, b:mdo sido utilizadas técnicas não paramétricas. As variáveis funcionais foram avaliadas através da bateria funcional Fitness Test (Rikli & Jones, 1999) - Idosos e a SV através da Satisfaction with Live Scale (SWLS), (Diener, Larsen and Gri1fin, 1985). Resultados: Os resultados demonstraram diferenças significativas, para melhor, em todas as variáveis, excepto no P, no PA e na FLMS, entre o início e os 3 meses e entre o início E os 6 meses. No P e no PA foram observadas diferenças entre os 3 e os 15 meses. Na FRMS ambos os grupos apresentaram diferenças significativas, para melhor, e na FLMS só o GC apresentou diferenças significativas para pior. Não havia diferenças significativas entre o GE e o GC no início do estudo, excepto na RA. Conclusões: A DC promove melhorias no P; A; IMC; PA; F, R, FL-MI; MF; RA e SV em mulheres idosas. ABSTRACT: Objective: To test and verify the effects of the practice of Creative Dance in the weight, height, body mass, abdominal perimeter, strength, resistance and flexibility of the lower and upper limbs, as well as physical mobility (agility, velocity, dynamic balance), aerobic resistance and life satisfaction in elderly women. Method: 57 females constituted the sample analyzed within the ages of 65 and 80 years old randomly divided between the control group (25) and the experimental group (32). The experimental group attended 50 minutes’ classes prepared and orientated to the target core of this study during six months. The statistical analysis was processed with SPSS 17 software under non-parametric techniques. The functional battery Fitness Test (Rikli & Jones, 1999) was used to evaluate the functional variables and life satisfaction was accessed trough the Satisfaction with Live Scale (SWLS), (Diener, Larsen and Griffin, 1985). Results: The results defined positive significant differences in all variables evaluated, except weigh, abdominal perimeter and flexibility of the upper limbs between the beginning and the 3-month and the beginning and the 6- month. Differences were observed in weight and abdominal perimeter between the 3 and 6 months. 8oth groups showed considerable positive differences in the strength and resistance of the upper limbs and only the control group showed negative differences in flexibility of the upper limbs. At the beginning of the study there were no significant differences between the two groups, except in the aerobic resistance. Conclusions: Creative Dance promotes the improvement of weight, height, body mass index, abdominal perimeter, strength, resistance, flexibility of both upper and lower limbs in elderly women.

United Arab Emirates

The United Arab Emirates (UAE) is part of the geographic region known as the Middle East. With a land mass of 82,000 square kilometres, predominantly desert and mountains it is bordered by Oman, Saudi Arabia and the Arabian Gulf. The UAE is strategically located due to its proximity to other oil rich Middle Eastern countries such as Kuwait, Iraq, Iran, and Saudi Arabia. The UAE was formed from a federation of seven emirates (Abu Dhabi, Dubai, Sharjah, Ras Al Khaimah, Ajman, Fujuriah, and Um Al Quain) in December 1971 (Ras Al Khaimah did not join the federation until 1972) (Heard-bey, 2004, 370). Abu Dhabi is the political capital, and the richest emirate; while Dubai is the commercial centre. The majority of the population of the various Emirates live along the coast line as sources of fresh water often heavily influenced the site of different settlements. Unlike some near neighbours (Iran and Iraq) the UAE has not undergone any significant political instability since it was formed in 1971. Due to this early British influences the UAE has had very strong political and economic ties with first Britain, and, more recently, the United States of America (Rugh, 2007). Until the economic production of oil in the early 1960’s the different Emirates had survived on a mixture of primary industry (dates), farming (goats and camels), pearling and subsidies from Britain (Davidson 2005, 3; Hvit, 2007, 565) Along with near neighbours Kuwait, Bahrain, Oman, Qatar and Saudi Arabia, the UAE is part of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC), a trading bloc. (Hellyer, 2001, 166-168).

Implications of precursor chemistry on the alkaline hydrothermal synthesis of titania/titanate nanostructures

A systematic study of four parameters within the alkaline hydrothermal treatment of three commercial titania powders—anatase, rutile, and Degussa P25—was made. These powders were treated with 5, 7.5, 9, and 10 M NaOH between 100 and 220 °C for 20 h. The effects of alkaline concentration, hydrothermal temperature, and precursor phase and crystallite size on the resultant nanostructure formation have been studied through X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and nitrogen adsorption. Through the correlation of these data, morphological phase diagrams were constructed for each commercial powder. Interpretation of the resultant morphological phase diagrams indicates that alkaline concentration and hydrothermal temperature affect nanostructure formation independently, where nanoribbon formation is significantly influenced by temperature for initial formation. The phase and crystallite size of the precursor also significantly influenced nanostructure formation, with rutile displaying a slower rate of precursor consumption compared with anatase. Small crystallite titania precursors formed nanostructures at reduced hydrothermal temperatures.

Conifer defence against insects: microarray gene expression profiling of Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis) induced by mechanical wounding or feeding by spruce budworms (Choristoneura occidentalis) or white pine weevils (Pissodes strobi) reveals large

Conifers are resistant to attack from a large number of potential herbivores or pathogens. Previous molecular and biochemical characterization of selected conifer defence systems support a model of multigenic, constitutive and induced defences that act on invading insects via physical, chemical, biochemical or ecological (multitrophic) mechanisms. However, the genomic foundation of the complex defence and resistance mechanisms of conifers is largely unknown. As part of a genomics strategy to characterize inducible defences and possible resistance mechanisms of conifers against insect herbivory, we developed a cDNA microarray building upon a new spruce (Picea spp.) expressed sequence tag resource. This first-generation spruce cDNA microarray contains 9720 cDNA elements representing c. 5500 unique genes. We used this array to monitor gene expression in Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis) bark in response to herbivory by white pine weevils (Pissodes strobi, Curculionidae) or wounding, and in young shoot tips in response to western spruce budworm (Choristoneura occidentalis, Lepidopterae) feeding. Weevils are stem-boring insects that feed on phloem, while budworms are foliage feeding larvae that consume needles and young shoot tips. Both insect species and wounding treatment caused substantial changes of the host plant transcriptome detected in each case by differential gene expression of several thousand array elements at 1 or 2 d after the onset of treatment. Overall, there was considerable overlap among differentially expressed gene sets from these three stress treatments. Functional classification of the induced transcripts revealed genes with roles in general plant defence, octadecanoid and ethylene signalling, transport, secondary metabolism, and transcriptional regulation. Several genes involved in primary metabolic processes such as photosynthesis were down-regulated upon insect feeding or wounding, fitting with the concept of dynamic resource allocation in plant defence. Refined expression analysis using gene-specific primers and real-time PCR for selected transcripts was in agreement with microarray results for most genes tested. This study provides the first large-scale survey of insect-induced defence transcripts in a gymnosperm and provides a platform for functional investigation of plant-insect interactions in spruce. Induction of spruce genes of octadecanoid and ethylene signalling, terpenoid biosynthesis, and phenolic secondary metabolism are discussed in more detail.

Alkaline hydrothermal treatment of titanate nanostructures

Since its initial proposal in 1998, alkaline hydrothermal processing has rapidly become an established technology for the production of titanate nanostructures. This simple, highly reproducible process has gained a strong research following since its conception. However, complete understanding and elucidation of nanostructure phase and formation have not yet been achieved. Without fully understanding phase, formation, and other important competing effects of the synthesis parameters on the final structure, the maximum potential of these nanostructures cannot be obtained. Therefore this study examined the influence of synthesis parameters on the formation of titanate nanostructures produced by alkaline hydrothermal treatment. The parameters included alkaline concentration, hydrothermal temperature, the precursor material‘s crystallite size and also the phase of the titanium dioxide precursor (TiO2, or titania). The nanostructure‘s phase and morphology was analysed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), dynamic light scattering (non-invasive backscattering), nitrogen sorption, and Rietveld analysis were used to determine phase, for particle sizing, surface area determinations, and establishing phase concentrations, respectively. This project rigorously examined the effect of alkaline concentration and hydrothermal temperature on three commercially sourced and two self-prepared TiO2 powders. These precursors consisted of both pure- or mixed-phase anatase and rutile polymorphs, and were selected to cover a range of phase concentrations and crystallite sizes. Typically, these precursors were treated with 5–10 M sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solutions at temperatures between 100–220 °C. Both nanotube and nanoribbon morphologies could be produced depending on the combination of these hydrothermal conditions. Both titania and titanate phases are comprised of TiO6 units which are assembled in different combinations. The arrangement of these atoms affects the binding energy between the Ti–O bonds. Raman spectroscopy and XPS were therefore employed in a preliminary study of phase determination for these materials. The change in binding energy from a titania to a titanate binding energy was investigated in this study, and the transformation of titania precursor into nanotubes and titanate nanoribbons was directly observed by these methods. Evaluation of the Raman and XPS results indicated a strengthening in the binding energies of both the Ti (2p3/2) and O (1s) bands which correlated to an increase in strength and decrease in resolution of the characteristic nanotube doublet observed between 320 and 220 cm.1 in the Raman spectra of these products. The effect of phase and crystallite size on nanotube formation was examined over a series of temperatures (100.200 �‹C in 20 �‹C increments) at a set alkaline concentration (7.5 M NaOH). These parameters were investigated by employing both pure- and mixed- phase precursors of anatase and rutile. This study indicated that both the crystallite size and phase affect nanotube formation, with rutile requiring a greater driving force (essentially �\harsher. hydrothermal conditions) than anatase to form nanotubes, where larger crystallites forms of the precursor also appeared to impede nanotube formation slightly. These parameters were further examined in later studies. The influence of alkaline concentration and hydrothermal temperature were systematically examined for the transformation of Degussa P25 into nanotubes and nanoribbons, and exact conditions for nanostructure synthesis were determined. Correlation of these data sets resulted in the construction of a morphological phase diagram, which is an effective reference for nanostructure formation. This morphological phase diagram effectively provides a .recipe book�e for the formation of titanate nanostructures. Morphological phase diagrams were also constructed for larger, near phase-pure anatase and rutile precursors, to further investigate the influence of hydrothermal reaction parameters on the formation of titanate nanotubes and nanoribbons. The effects of alkaline concentration, hydrothermal temperature, crystallite phase and size are observed when the three morphological phase diagrams are compared. Through the analysis of these results it was determined that alkaline concentration and hydrothermal temperature affect nanotube and nanoribbon formation independently through a complex relationship, where nanotubes are primarily affected by temperature, whilst nanoribbons are strongly influenced by alkaline concentration. Crystallite size and phase also affected the nanostructure formation. Smaller precursor crystallites formed nanostructures at reduced hydrothermal temperature, and rutile displayed a slower rate of precursor consumption compared to anatase, with incomplete conversion observed for most hydrothermal conditions. The incomplete conversion of rutile into nanotubes was examined in detail in the final study. This study selectively examined the kinetics of precursor dissolution in order to understand why rutile incompletely converted. This was achieved by selecting a single hydrothermal condition (9 M NaOH, 160 °C) where nanotubes are known to form from both anatase and rutile, where the synthesis was quenched after 2, 4, 8, 16 and 32 hours. The influence of precursor phase on nanostructure formation was explicitly determined to be due to different dissolution kinetics; where anatase exhibited zero-order dissolution and rutile second-order. This difference in kinetic order cannot be simply explained by the variation in crystallite size, as the inherent surface areas of the two precursors were determined to have first-order relationships with time. Therefore, the crystallite size (and inherent surface area) does not affect the overall kinetic order of dissolution; rather, it determines the rate of reaction. Finally, nanostructure formation was found to be controlled by the availability of dissolved titanium (Ti4+) species in solution, which is mediated by the dissolution kinetics of the precursor.