Psychometric properties of the Looming Maladaptive Style Questionnaire (LMSQ-R) in young Spanish adults

Resumen tomado de la publicaci??n

Pensar más allá de la diversidad y la diferencia desde los derechos

La emergencia de una política de la diversidad planteada desde los movimientos sociales tanto indígenas como afroecuatorianos, siempre ha tenido una intención encaminada hacia la transformación profunda de las instituciones y estructuras de la sociedad y el cuestionamiento de la política monocultural del Estado-nación, representado en la identidad y cultura “nacional” hacia la construcción de un país pluricultural y pluriétnico. En este sentido podemos decir que el problema de la diversidad y la diferencia desde los derechos se encuentran en gran parte en la construcción del Estado-nación y la identidad nacional, no es menos cierto que en la construcción de la identidad nacional se encontraban representadas en estas construcciones los varios grupos étnico-culturales, cuál era su grado de participación y cuál era el espacio que ocupaban dentro del escenario nacional? Bien podríamos decir que si la identidad nacional representada en lo blanco-mestizo se constituyó en el centro del Estado-nación, los indígenas se encontraban por fuera de ese centro, y en una forma y condición mucho más lejana los afroecuatorianos.

El modelo neoliberal y el servicio de telefonía móvil en Ecuador

El proceso de modernización del Estado, iniciada en el primer lustro de los años 90 bajo lineamientos de la Ley de Modernización del Ecuador, dio lugar al concepto de rentabilidad social, caracterizada principalmente por promover el acceso del mayor número de ecuatorianos a los servicios públicos básicos. Dicha ley habilitó al Estado ecuatoriano para delegar a empresas mixtas o privadas, la prestación de los servicios públicos, entre ellos los de telecomunicaciones, utilizando mecanismos legales reconocidos por el derecho administrativo e implementado por el Poder Ejecutivo del Ecuador. Es así, que la Ley Especial de Telecomunicaciones en 1992, habilitó al Estado para otorgar concesiones al sector privado para la prestación de varios servicios de telecomunicaciones, por lo que, en 1993, la Superintendencia de Telecomunicaciones creada por dicha ley, suscribió contratos de concesión con la compañías privadas COnECEL S.A. y OTECEL S.A., autorizándoles a operar servicios de telefonía móvil celular con cobertura limitada dentro del territorio nacional ecuatoriano por un período de 15 años. Posteriormente, una nueva constitución política de la República del Ecuador expedida en 1998, facultó al Estado la explotación racional de los bienes de su dominio exclusivo, de manera directa o con la participación del sector privado, lo cual motivó también una nueva reforma a la Ley Especial de Telecomunicaciones para que el Consejo nacional de Telecomunicaciones instituya el régimen de libre competencia en todos los servicios de telecomunicaciones prestados en nuestro país.

La jurisdicción indígena frente al control de constitucionalidad en Ecuador. ¿Pluralismo jurídico o judicionalización de lo plural?

Este libro discute sobre los parámetros que la Corte Constitucional ecuatoriana debería considerar para resolver una acción de control de constitucionalidad de decisiones jurisdiccionales indígenas. La autora reflexiona respecto al pluralismo jurídico en Ecuador, a partir del reconocimiento de tensiones inevitables en la interrelación entre dos sistemas jurídicos culturalmente diversos: el hegemónico y el indígena. En este contexto, se analiza la institución jurídica del control de constitucionalidad de las decisiones jurisdiccionales indígenas, cuya atribución corresponde a la Corte Constitucional, como uno de los más claros ejemplos de conexión entre dos sistemas de ad ministración de justicia con diferencias culturales, con la finalidad de establecer si a través de esta garantía se alcanza la coordina ción y cooperación entre las justicias o, si por el contrario, se produce hegemonía de una cultura sobre la otra. Para tal efecto, se examina el denominado caso La Cocha 2, que se sustancia en la Corte Constitucional ecuatoriana, a la luz de los estándares utilizados por la Corte Constitucional de Colombia en la sustanciación de procesos en los que intervienen personas o colectividades indígenas.

Constructing prehistory: Lithic analysis in the Levantine Epipalaeolithic

This study explores the way in which our picture of the Levantine Epipalaeolithic has been created, investigating the constructs that take us from found objects to coherent narrative about the world. Drawing on the treatment of chipped stone, the fundamental raw material of prehistoric narratives, it examines the use of figurative devices - of metaphor, metonymy, and synecdoche - to make the connection between the world and the words we need to describe it. The work of three researchers is explored in a case study of the Middle Epipalaeolithic with the aim of showing how different research goals and methodologies have created characteristics for the period that are so entrenched in discourse as to have become virtually invisible.Yet the definition of distinct cultures with long-lasting traditions, the identification of two separate ethnic trajectories linked to separate environmental zones, and the analysis of climate as the key driver of change all rest on analytical manoeuvres to transform objects into data.

Vascular plant diversity and climate change in the alpine zone of the Lefka Ori, Crete

The aim of this study is to analyse the vascular flora and the local climate along an altitudinal gradient in the Lefka Ori massif Crete and to evaluate the potential effects of climate change on the plant diversity of the sub-alpine and alpine zones. It provides a quantitative/qualitative analysis of vegetation-environment relationships for four summits along an altitude gradient on the Lefka Ori massif Crete (1664-2339 m). The GLORIA multi-summit approach was used to provide vegetation and floristic data together with temperature records for every summit. Species richness and species turnover was calculated together with floristic similarity between the summits. 70 species were recorded, 20 of which were endemic, belonging to 23 different families. Cretan endemics dominate at these high altitudes. Species richness and turnover decreased with altitude. The two highest summits showed greater floristic similarity. Only 20% of the total flora recorded reaches the highest summit while 10% is common among summits. Overall there was a 4.96 degrees C decrease in temperature along the 675 m gradient. Given a scenario of temperature increase the ecotone between the sub-alpine and alpine zone would be likely to have the greatest species turnover. Southern exposures are likely to be invaded first by thermophilous species while northern exposures are likely to be more resistant to changes. Species distribution shifts will also depend on habitat availability. Many, already threatened, local endemic species will be affected first.

Cryopreservation of cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) somatic embryos for long-term germplasm storage

Cryopreservation using encapsulation-dehydration was developed for the long-term conservation of cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) germplasm. Survival of individually encapsulated somatic embryos after desiccation and cryopreservation was achieved through optimization of cryoprotectants (abscisic acid (ABA) and sugar), duration of osmotic and evaporative dehydration, and embryo development stage. Up to 63% of the genotype SPA4 early-cotyledonary somatic embryos survived cryopreservation following 7 days preculture with 1 M sucrose and 4 h silica exposure (16% moisture content in bead). This optimized protocol was successfully applied to three other genotypes, e.g. EET272, IMC14 and AMAZ12, with recovery frequencies of 25, 40 and 72%, respectively (but the latter two genotypes using 0.75 M sucrose). Recovered SPA4 somatic embryos converted to plants at a rate of 33% and the regenerated plants were phenotypically comparable to non-cryopreserved somatic embryo-derived plants.

A new emissive Ru(II)N5O core

From the reaction of cis-Ru(1,10-phenanthroline)(2)Cl(2 center dot)2H(2)O with 2-picolinic acid in 1:1 molar ratio in degassed methanol-water mixture, [Ru(1,10-phenanthroline)(2)(2-picolinate)]PF6 center dot H2O (1) has been isolated as a red compound by adding excess of NH4PF6. Single crystal X-ray crystallography shows that the metal in 1 has an octahedral N5O coordination sphere. Complex 1 displays (MLCT)-M-1 bands in the 400-500 nm region in acetonitrile. Upon excitation at 435 nm, complex 1 gives rise to a broad emission band at 675 nm in acetonitrile at room temperature with a quantum yield of 0.0022. The energy of the MLCT state in 1 is estimated as 1.99 eV. Since, from cyclic voltammetry, the ground state potential of the Ru(II/III) couple in 1 is found to be 1.01 V vs NHE, the potential of the same couple in the excited state is calculated as -0.98 V vs NHE. The emissive state in 1 seems to be the triplet Ru(II) -> 1, 10-phenanthroline charge transfer state.

Fractionation of oligosaccharides by nanofiltration

Two loose nanofiltration membranes (NF-CA-50 and NF-TFC-50) and one dense ultrafiltration membrane (UF-CA-1) were used to fractionate commercial oligosaccharide mixtures by applying diafiltration in a 'dead-end' filtration cell at 40bar constant pressure with a maximum volume concentration ratio (VCR) of 6 at each fractionation. The rejections of a monosaccharide (glucose) and a disaccharide (lactose) were determined for each membrane; the results indicated that fractionation between these two sugars was possible using the two nanofiltration membranes. During the nanofiltration purification of a commercial oligosaccharide mixture, yields of 19% (w/w) for monosaccharides and 88% (w/w) for di- and oligosaccharides were obtained with the NF-TFC-50 membrane after four filtration steps, indicating that removal of the monosaccharides is possible with only minor losses of the oligosaccharide content of the mixture. The ultrafiltration membrane, at the same time, gave purification levels similar to the NF-TFC-50 membrane with fewer diafiltration steps but with higher losses of di- and oligosaccharides (12% (w/w) for monosaccharides and 53% (w/w) for di- and oligosaccharides on the third run). (C) 2003 Society of Chemical Industry.

Artichoke leaf extract (Cynara scolymus) reduces plasma cholesterol in otherwise healthy hypercholesterolemic adults: A randomized, double blind placebo controlled trial

Cardiovascular diseases are the chief causes of death in the UK, and are associated with high circulating levels of total cholesterol in the plasma. Artichoke leaf extracts (ALEs) have been reported to reduce plasma lipids levels, including total cholesterol, although high quality data is lacking. The objective of this trial was to assess the effect of ALE on plasma lipid levels and general well-being in otherwise healthy adults with mild to moderate hypercholesterolemia. 131 adults were screened for total plasma cholesterol in the range 6.0-8.0 mmol/l, with 75 suitable volunteers randomised onto the trial. Volunteers consumed 1280 mg of a standardised ALE, or matched placebo, daily for 12 weeks. Plasma total cholesterol decreased in the treatment group by an average of 4.2% (from 7.16 (SD 0.62) mmol/l to 6.86 (SD 0.68) mmol/l) and increased in the control group by an average of 1.9% (6.90 (SD 0.49) mmol/l to 7.03 (0.61) mmol/l), the difference between groups being statistically significant (p = 0.025). No significant differences between groups were observed for LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol or triglyceride levels. General well-being improved significantly in both the treatment (11%) and control groups (9%) with no significant differences between groups. In conclusion, ALE consumption resulted in a modest but favourable statistically significant difference in total cholesterol after 12 weeks. In comparison with a previous trial, it is suggested that the apparent positive health status of the study population may have contributed to the modesty of the observed response. (C) 2008 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.

Verb retrieval in fluent aphasia: a clinical study

Background: Problems with lexical retrieval are common across all types of aphasia but certain word classes are thought to be more vulnerable in some aphasia types. Traditionally, verb retrieval problems have been considered characteristic of non-fluent aphasias but there is growing evidence that verb retrieval problems are also found in fluent aphasia. As verbs are retrieved from the mental lexicon with syntactic as well as phonological and semantic information, it is speculated that an improvement in verb retrieval should enhance communicative abilities in this population as in others. We report on an investigation into the effectiveness of verb treatment for three individuals with fluent aphasia. Methods & Procedures: Multiple pre-treatment baselines were established over 3 months in order to monitor language change before treatment. The three participants then received twice-weekly verb treatment over approximately 4 months. All pre-treatment assessments were administered immediately after treatment and 3 months post-treatment. Outcome & Results: Scores fluctuated in the pre-treatment period. Following treatment, there was a significant improvement in verb retrieval for two of the three participants on the treated items. The increase in scores for the third participant was statistically nonsignificant but post-treatment scores moved from below the normal range to within the normal range. All participants were significantly quicker in the verb retrieval task following treatment. There was an increase in well-formed sentences in the sentence construction test and in some samples of connected speech. Conclusions: Repeated systematic treatment can produce a significant improvement in verb retrieval of practised items and generalise to unpractised items for some participants. An increase in well-formed sentences is seen for some speakers. The theoretical and clinical implications of the results are discussed.

Application of logistic regression for fault analysis in an industrial printing process

A statistical technique for fault analysis in industrial printing is reported. The method specifically deals with binary data, for which the results of the production process fall into two categories, rejected or accepted. The method is referred to as logistic regression, and is capable of predicting future fault occurrences by the analysis of current measurements from machine parts sensors. Individual analysis of each type of fault can determine which parts of the plant have a significant influence on the occurrence of such faults; it is also possible to infer which measurable process parameters have no significant influence on the generation of these faults. Information derived from the analysis can be helpful in the operator's interpretation of the current state of the plant. Appropriate actions may then be taken to prevent potential faults from occurring. The algorithm is being implemented as part of an applied self-learning expert system.