O design gráfico e a geometria : uma proposta em educação visual, 9º ano

Relatório da Prática de Ensino Supervisionada, Ensino das Artes Visuais, Universidade de Lisboa, 2013

What happens in the first 200 ms of word reading : ERP studies on visual word recognition with top-down and bottom-up approaches /

In this thesis, three main questions were addressed using event-related potentials (ERPs): (1) the timing of lexical semantic access, (2) the influence of "top-down" processes on visual word processing, and (3) the influence of "bottom-up" factors on visual word processing. The timing of lexical semantic access was investigated in two studies using different designs. In Study 1,14 participants completed two tasks: a standard lexical decision (LD) task which required a word/nonword decision to each target stimulus, and a semantically primed version (LS) of it using the same category of words (e.g., animal) within each block following which participants made a category judgment. In Study 2, another 12 participants performed a standard semantic priming task, where target stimulus words (e.g., nurse) could be either semantically related or unrelated to their primes (e.g., doctor, tree) but the order of presentation was randomized. We found evidence in both ERP studies that lexical semantic access might occur early within the first 200 ms (at about 170 ms for Study 1 and at about 160 ms for Study 2). Our results were consistent with more recent ERP and eye-tracking studies and are in contrast with the traditional research focus on the N400 component. "Top-down" processes, such as a person's expectation and strategic decisions, were possible in Study 1 because of the blocked design, but they were not for Study 2 with a randomized design. Comparing results from two studies, we found that visual word processing could be affected by a person's expectation and the effect occurred early at a sensory/perceptual stage: a semantic task effect in the PI component at about 100 ms in the ERP was found in Study 1 , but not in Study 2. Furthermore, we found that such "top-down" influence on visual word processing might be mediated through separate mechanisms depending on whether the stimulus was a word or a nonword. "Bottom-up" factors involve inherent characteristics of particular words, such as bigram frequency (the total frequency of two-letter combinations of a word), word frequency (the frequency of the written form of a word), and neighborhood density (the number of words that can be generated by changing one letter of an original word or nonword). A bigram frequency effect was found when comparing the results from Studies 1 and 2, but it was examined more closely in Study 3. Fourteen participants performed a similar standard lexical decision task but the words and nonwords were selected systematically to provide a greater range in the aforementioned factors. As a result, a total of 18 word conditions were created with 18 nonword conditions matched on neighborhood density and neighborhood frequency. Using multiple regression analyses, we foimd that the PI amplitude was significantly related to bigram frequency for both words and nonwords, consistent with results from Studies 1 and 2. In addition, word frequency and neighborhood frequency were also able to influence the PI amplitude separately for words and for nonwords and there appeared to be a spatial dissociation between the two effects: for words, the word frequency effect in PI was found at the left electrode site; for nonwords, the neighborhood frequency effect in PI was fovind at the right elecfrode site. The implications of otir findings are discussed.

Élaboration de critères de design pour un outil de communication médecin-patient

Le système de santé d'aujourd'hui fait appel à de nombreuses technologies de l'information nommées TIS (Technologies de l’Information en Santé). Celles-ci ont donné naissance à de nouvelles formes d’interaction médecin-patient et ont complexifié l'approche thérapeutique dite
« centrée sur le patient ». Les TIS promettent une plus grande efficacité et l’augmentation de la satisfaction des patients par le biais d’une meilleure compréhension de la maladie pour le patient. Or, elles peuvent également devenir des sources de conflit pour le professionnel de la santé, étant donné leur utilisation en dehors des rencontres cliniques ainsi que leur tendance à agir comme des barrières communicationnelles lors des consultations. Cette recherche vise a étudier les critères de design nécessaires à la conception d’un TIS pouvant améliorer la relation médecin-patient et donc, faciliter la communication et améliorer l’alliance thérapeutique. L’étude utilise une approche centrée sur l’utilisateur et vise donc à comprendre les besoins et les attentes des médecins et des patients. En étudiant les nouvelles approches en santé et les TIS, il a été possible de comprendre le contexte et les besoins des utilisateurs en terme de communication. Ces derniers sont primordiaux au processus dit centré sur l’utilisateur. Le faible taux de rétention du discours du médecin devient une barrière communicationnelle importante, tout comme le temps pressurisé. La recherche nous montre que l’ajout d’un outil virtuel de vulgarisation peut, à l’aide de média visuels (tel que des modélisations, des animations 3D et des dessins), grandement aider la relation médecin-patient.

Design of a microstip fed step slot antenna for UWB communication

The design and performance of a stepped slot printed monopole antenna in the ultrawideband is presented in this article. Multiple resonances generated by the stepped slot geometry are matched in the ultrawideband using a modified microstrip feed. The impedance bandwidth (SWR < 2) of the antenna is from 3 to 11 GHz. Radiation patterns are stable and omnidirectional with appreciable gain throughout the band. Performance of the antenna is also analyzed in the time domain, which reveals good pulse handling capabilities. Compact geometry of the antenna allows easy commercial deployment.

Decimation Filter Design Toolbox for Multi-Standard Wireless Transceivers using MATLAB.

The demand for new telecommunication services requiring higher capacities, data rates and different operating modes have motivated the development of new generation multi-standard wireless transceivers. A multi-standard design often involves extensive system level analysis and architectural partitioning, typically requiring extensive calculations. In this research, a decimation filter design tool for wireless communication standards consisting of GSM, WCDMA, WLANa, WLANb, WLANg and WiMAX is developed in MATLAB® using GUIDE environment for visual analysis. The user can select a required wireless communication standard, and obtain the corresponding multistage decimation filter implementation using this toolbox. The toolbox helps the user or design engineer to perform a quick design and analysis of decimation filter for multiple standards without doing extensive calculation of the underlying methods.

Systems Design: Use Case Modelling Lab using Visual Paradigm

This lab follows the lecture 'System Design: Using UML Use Cases'http://www.edshare.soton.ac.uk/9619/ It introduces Visual Paradigm as a UML modelling tool. Students work through Visual Paradigm online Tutorials and then create two projects.

Systems Design: Activity and Sequence modelling using Visual Paradigm

This lab follows the lectures 'System Design: http://www.edshare.soton.ac.uk/9653/ and http://www.edshare.soton.ac.uk/6280/ . Students use Visual Paradigm for UML to build Activity and Sequence models through project examples: Library, Plant Nursery and a Health Spa

Systems Design: Class modelling using Visual Paradigm

This lab follows the lectures 'System Design: http://www.edshare.soton.ac.uk/6280/ http://www.edshare.soton.ac.uk/9653/ and http://www.edshare.soton.ac.uk/9713/ Students use Visual Paradigm for UML to build Class models through project examples: Aircraft Manufacturing Company, Library, Plant Nursery.

The role of sketches in supporting near-synchronous remote communication in computer supported collaborative design

This paper presents recent research into the functions and value of sketch outputs during computer supported collaborative design. Sketches made primarily exploiting whiteboard technology are shown to support subjects engaged in remote collaborative design, particularly when constructed in ‘nearsynchronous’ communication. The authors define near-synchronous communication and speculate that it is compatible with the reflective and iterative nature of design activity. There appears to be significant similarities between the making of sketches in near-synchronous remote collaborative design and those made on paper in more traditional face-to-face settings With the current increase in the use of computer supported collaborative working (CSCW) in undergraduate and postgraduate design education it is proposed that sketches and sketching can make important contributions to design learning in this context

Intellectual property law on architectural design in collaborative design communication as digital assets

Digital Economy is one of the crucial elements promoted by the Digital Britain Report June 2009 and its Implementation Plan August 2009 in order to maintain and further the UK’s position as one of the world’s leading digital knowledge economies. Therefore, the application of Digital Technologies is high in the agenda. As pervasive digital technologies become more widely available, it becomes increasingly important to understand the legal implications of digital assets produced via digital technologies in collaborative design communication. Architects and engineers depend on intellectual property law to protect their original works. Copyright protection is automatic once a tangible medium of expression in any form of an innovative material, conforming the Copyright Designs and Patents Act 1988, is created. Although copyright law provides automatic protection to all original architectural plans, the limitation is that it only protects the expression of ideas but not the ideas themselves. The purpose of this research is to explore how effective the UK’s copyright law regime is for protecting the rights and interests of architects and engineers in their works as digital assets. The UK’s copyright law is ripe for modernisation not only to protect the rights of designers but also to further UK’s position in digital economy.