Spatial and temporal variations in pH and total alkalinity at the beginning of the rainy season in the Changjiang Estuary, China

The results of field observation carried out in May 2003 were used to examine pH and total alkalinity behaviors in the Changjiang Estuary. It was showed that PH and total alkalinity took on clear spatial variations in values with the minima in the low salinity region. Like salinity, transect distributions of PH and total alkalinity (TA) in a downriver direction had a sharp gradient each. These gradients appeared in such a sequence that the TA gradient was earlier than salinity and PH gradients, and the salinity gradient was earlier than the PH gradient. These distribution characteristics seemed to be strongly influenced by the mixing process of freshwater and seawater, for both PH and total alkalinity had significant linear relationships with salinity and temperature. For PH, phytoplankton activities also had a significant impact upon its spatial distribution. During a period of 48 h, PH and total alkalinity changed within wide ranges for every layer of the two anchor stations, namely, Stas 13 and 20, which were located at the mixed water mass and seawater mass, respectively. For both Stas 13 and 20, PH and TA fluctuation of every layer could be very wide during a 4 h period. As a whole, the data of the two anchor stations showed that neither variations in salinity and temperature nor phytoplankton activities were the main factors strongly influencing the total alkalinity temporal variability on a small time scale. The data of Sta. 20 implied that both salinity variation and phytoplankton activities had a significant influence on PH temporal variability, but the same conclusion could not be drawn from the data of Sta. 13.

ICP-MS测定表生水体稀土过程中pH值对酸性膦萃取稀土效率的影响

针对目前最常用的液- 液萃取、ICP- M S 测定法检测表生水体中微量稀土元素方法, 研究了不同pH值条件下, 酸性膦(65%HDEHP 和35%H2M EHP) 自表生水体中萃取稀土元素(REEs) 的回收率。结果表明, 在pH1～ 4 的范围内, 不同性质的水体(湖泊、河流、地下水) 有不同的REEs 回收率。其中湖水在pH 118～ 317 有90% 以上的回收率, 最高回收率为93164%; 河水在pH 211～ 315 范围内有90% 以上的回收率, 最高回收率为95152%; 地下水仅在pH 113～ 115 时回收率超过90% , 最高回收率为97161%。说明在萃取不同表生水体中稀土元素时, 需要调到特定的pH 值才能得到最好的萃取效果。

氢氧化铁胶体/水界面作用与地表水中稀土元素的分异—— pH控制机理的实验研究

实验研究了pH对REE水/粒界面配分行为的影响: 氢氧化铁胶体对REE的作用在胶体形成开始以吸附为主, 然后是解吸, 最后是吸附/解吸趋向平衡; 轻稀土元素(LREE)和重稀土元素(HREE)的吸附率不同, 后者大于前者. 随pH增加, LREE和HREE在氢氧化铁胶体/水之间产生分异, 其配分系数比值(DLREE/DHREE)降低; DREE的分布模式呈现Y的异常(DY/DHo<1)并在低pH条件下呈现明显的四重效应. 实验结果证明自然界中存在REE四重效应. 除pH外, 地表水的化学类型以及离子强度也是控制REE四重效应以及微粒吸附态REE和溶解态REE之间产生分异的重要因素.

Manual of missions, by Carl Leroy Howland, Ph. B., with an introduction by Bishop Wilson T. Hogue.

http://www.archive.org/details/manualofmissions014078mbp

Determining Acceptance Possibility for a Quantum Computation is Hard for PH

It is shown that determining whether a quantum computation has a non-zero probability of accepting is at least as hard as the polynomial time hierarchy. This hardness result also applies to determining in general whether a given quantum basis state appears with nonzero amplitude in a superposition, or whether a given quantum bit has positive expectation value at the end of a quantum computation.

Development of a highly-miniaturised wireless ISE/pH sensor

The goal of this work is to fabricate robust, highly-miniaturised, wireless sensor modules that incorporates ion-selective electrodes (ISEs). pH is one of the main parameters in assessment of the quality of our environment (water, soil) and these ISE/pH sensors will be deployed in a miniaturised, programmable modular system. The simplicity of ISEs (low costs and low power requirements) allow for the preparation of sensors that are all very similar in construction but can at the same time be easily made for variety of different environmentally important ions (i.e. heavy metals). This is important because of the increasing focus on the impact of the quality of the environment on society, both locally, and globally. The work described will contribute to a widely distributed sensor network for monitoring the quality of our environment, focused mainly on soil and water quality.

Interstitial insertion of varying amounts of ABL-containing genetic material into chromosome 22 in Ph-negative CML.

We studied the cells from three selected patients with Ph-chromosome-negative chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) by Southern blotting, polymerase chain reaction, and in situ hybridization of informative probes to metaphase chromosomes. All three patients had rearrangement of M-BCR sequences in the BCR gene and expression of one or other of the mRNA species characteristic of Ph-positive CML. Leukemic metaphases studied after trypsin-Giemsa banding were indistinguishable from normal. The ABL probe localized both to chromosome 9 and 22 in each case. A probe containing 3' M-BCR sequences localized only to chromosome 22, and not to chromosome 9 as would be expected in Ph-positive CML. Two new probes that recognize different polymorphic regions distal to the ABL gene on chromosome 9 in normal subjects localized exclusively to chromosome 9 in two patients and to both chromosomes 9 and 22 in one patient. These results show that Ph-negative CML with BCR rearrangement is associated with insertion of a variable quantity of chromosome 9 derived material into chromosome 22q11; there is no evidence for reciprocal translocation of material from chromosome 22 to chromosome 9.