1000 resultados para Psicolinguística Método de casos
Resumo:
Trabalho Final do Curso de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 2014
Resumo:
Trabalho Final do Curso de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 2014
Resumo:
O presente estudo buscou a compreenso dos motivos que levam as empresas pesquisadas do setor automobilstico a gerir o conhecimento tcito, mediados pela gesto do conhecimento, na rea de gesto de desenvolvimento de produtos. As questes de pesquisa que este estudo objetivou responder foram: Como empresas estudadas utilizam o conhecimento tcito para se tornarem mais eficientes e eficazes nas atividades/ operaes? De que forma o conhecimento tcito percebido na organizao por parte dos funcionrios e gestores? Para responder a estas perguntas houve a investigao de duas empresas do setor automobilstico, na rea de desenvolvimento de produtos. Como base terica para o desenvolvimento do presente estudo autores como Davenport e Prusak (1998), Nonaka e Takeuchi (1997) e Choo (2006) orientam esta pesquisa. A pesquisa abrange duas empresas do ramo automobilstico na regio do ABC Paulista, com equivalncia no nmero de funcionrios e porte. Dentre os entrevistados h funcionrios e gestores de reas de gesto de projetos e produtos. A metodologia aplicada ao estudo foi de carter qualitativo por meio de pesquisa exploratria-descritiva, sendo que o método de coleta de dados se deu a partir de entrevistas semiestruturadas. O estudo investigou quais as prticas usadas para a converso do conhecimento, fatores facilitadores e fatores dificultadores para a converso do conhecimento e as principais contribuies da aplicao das prticas e iniciativas voltadas gerir o conhecimento tcito, sob a tica dos gestores e funcionrios. Atravs do presente estudo pode-se verificar que existe a preocupao com a gesto do conhecimento nas empresas estudadas e que h prticas diversas relativas ao conhecimento tcito e que as formas de disseminao deste conhecimento so distintas. Algumas das prticas so os cursos de especializao, brainstorming e lesson learned e conversas informais. Nos fatores facilitadores h a troca de informao entre os pares, reunies semanais, equipes multidisciplinares/ multifuncionais. Nos fatores dificultadores h a indicao de questes comportamentais, acmulo de funes e tempo para partilhar informaes.
Resumo:
A violncia domstica um fenmeno que preocupa a sociedade e deve ser objeto de destaque, grave pois pode deixar marcas fsicas e psicolgicas. Ela aterroriza famlias e assustador, principalmente por ocorrer, na maioria das vezes, no local onde as pessoas deveriam sentir-se seguras e protegidas, dentro de suas prprias casas. H um esforo para medir a incidncia da violncia domstica. Contudo, a famlia, a relao conjugal e o ambiente domstico, na atualidade, ainda so considerados privados e particulares, o que dificulta a preciso da magnitude real deste tipo de violncia. Assim, esta pesquisa teve como objetivo avaliar as relaes objetais e estrutura de personalidade de mulheres envolvidas em casos de violncia domstica. Para tanto, utilizou-se do método qualitativo, foram avaliadas quatro mulheres envolvidas em violncia domstica, com idade superior a 18 anos. Como instrumentos foram empregados um Questionrio Sociodemogrfico e o Teste das Relaes Objetais de Phillipson (TRO). Os resultados mostraram que a estrutura de personalidade destas mulheres apresenta-se com o predomnio de traos esquizoides. No Sistema Tensional Inconsciente Dominante, a dinmica da personalidade apresenta medos, desejos e defesas das posies Viscocrica e Esquizoparanoide. Tal dinmica sugere fragilidade estrutural, persecutoriedade e dependncia dos objetos. Refletindo sobre a questo da violncia e de como essas mulheres se submetem a ela, por meio dos resultados obtidos nesta pesquisa, observou-se que se trata de um tipo de relao de objeto com extrema dependncia, permeada pelo dio e culpa persecutria. Esta ltima mobiliza a permissividade do superego que precisa satisfazer todos os desejos do objeto de dependncia. Ao mesmo tempo que so agredidas, elas tambm agridem, por no suportarem a ausncia do objeto e o desejo de fundir-se a ele parece ser o gatilho que dispara os ataques. Espera-se que os resultados desta pesquisa possam levar reflexo sobre polticas pblicas e intervenes mais eficazes para diminuir a incidncia deste tipo de violncia e o sofrimento dessas mulheres
Resumo:
O presente estudo buscou a compreenso dos motivos que levam as empresas pesquisadas do setor automobilstico a gerir o conhecimento tcito, mediados pela gesto do conhecimento, na rea de gesto de desenvolvimento de produtos. As questes de pesquisa que este estudo objetivou responder foram: Como empresas estudadas utilizam o conhecimento tcito para se tornarem mais eficientes e eficazes nas atividades/ operaes? De que forma o conhecimento tcito percebido na organizao por parte dos funcionrios e gestores? Para responder a estas perguntas houve a investigao de duas empresas do setor automobilstico, na rea de desenvolvimento de produtos. Como base terica para o desenvolvimento do presente estudo autores como Davenport e Prusak (1998), Nonaka e Takeuchi (1997) e Choo (2006) orientam esta pesquisa. A pesquisa abrange duas empresas do ramo automobilstico na regio do ABC Paulista, com equivalncia no nmero de funcionrios e porte. Dentre os entrevistados h funcionrios e gestores de reas de gesto de projetos e produtos. A metodologia aplicada ao estudo foi de carter qualitativo por meio de pesquisa exploratria-descritiva, sendo que o método de coleta de dados se deu a partir de entrevistas semiestruturadas. O estudo investigou quais as prticas usadas para a converso do conhecimento, fatores facilitadores e fatores dificultadores para a converso do conhecimento e as principais contribuies da aplicao das prticas e iniciativas voltadas gerir o conhecimento tcito, sob a tica dos gestores e funcionrios. Atravs do presente estudo pode-se verificar que existe a preocupao com a gesto do conhecimento nas empresas estudadas e que h prticas diversas relativas ao conhecimento tcito e que as formas de disseminao deste conhecimento so distintas. Algumas das prticas so os cursos de especializao, brainstorming e lesson learned e conversas informais. Nos fatores facilitadores h a troca de informao entre os pares, reunies semanais, equipes multidisciplinares/ multifuncionais. Nos fatores dificultadores h a indicao de questes comportamentais, acmulo de funes e tempo para partilhar informaes.
Resumo:
A pesquisa teve como objetivo geral analisar as principais razes pelas quais as empresas pblicas paulistas utilizam coaching e mentoring como prticas de compartilhamento de conhecimento. No ano de 2009, foi institudo pelo governador do Estado de So Paulo, o decreto n 53.963 que instituiu a Poltica de Gesto do Conhecimento e Inovao para as empresas pblicas. Kuniyoshi e Santos (2007) realizaram uma pesquisa, na qual identificaram prticas e iniciativas de gesto do conhecimento adotadas por algumas empresas, dentre elas, coaching e mentoring. As prticas so processos que necessitam de investimento no somente financeiro, mas de tempo e pessoas adequadas, por serem processos mais complexos, instigam a investigao de aes no contexto organizacional de empresas pblicas. Este estudo busca contribuir para o desenvolvimento de estudos na rea pblica. O método utilizado neste estudo de abordagem qualitativa do tipo exploratria. O objeto desta pesquisa foram as empresas pblicas paulistas, que, atualmente, somam 21. Foi realizado estudo de caso, com entrevista e anlise documental em duas destas empresas, A Sabesp, empresa do segmento de saneamento de gua e esgoto, teve como objetivo analisar a prtica de coaching e, o Instituto de Pesquisa Tecnolgicas (IPT), referncia nacional em metrologia, teve como objetivo analisar a prtica de mentoring. Uma vez que no existem prticas exclusivas Gesto do Conhecimento, e o sucesso de uma prtica est relacionado ao contexto na qual est inserida. No caso da Sabesp, a prtica de coaching utilizada como uma das atividades dentro de dois programas, visando desenvolver o capital humano como fora competitiva. O IPT teve como objetivo da aplicao do programa de mentoring, especificamente, o compartilhar conhecimento tcito. Foi constatado que as prticas de coaching e mentoring podem ser utilizadas como recurso capaz de tornar a empresa singular perante as demais, mesmo empresas pblicas no tendo foco em competitividade, mas utilizam o conhecimento de forma estratgica para melhorar a qualidade de atendimento sociedade.
Resumo:
This study presents the issue of Children and Youth sexual violence from a critical eye in assessing the actions of the organs of defense and protection in cases of sexual abuse against children and adolescents in the city of Natal / RN. We aimed to perform this evaluation from the investigation of 05 cases of child and adolescent victims of sexual abuse that were answered by Precinct Specializing in Defense of Children and Adolescents (DCA), considering the service flow of cases, the articulation between the organs that make up System Warranty rights (SGD), the record of the complaint, as well as the elapsed time between the record of the complaint and the accountability of the offender. Thus, the present study consists in an analysis from the quantitative and qualitative theoretical-methodological approach assuming 'sexual violence in their social, historical, cultural, legal and economic dimensions. The route established between the knowledge about the object and the method of analysis involved: literature about the conceptual discussion on sexual violence, analyzing quantitative data provided by DCA, as well as semi-structured interviews with victims and those responsible for the professionals working in institutions of the defense agencies. Is apprehended in this study that the situations of violence against children is a multifaceted phenomenon that has expressions from ancient societies, assuming a peculiarity in contemporary society to consider the juvenile population as subjects of rights. Furthermore, it was possible to identify the lack of effectiveness, with respect to the actions of the organs of defense in intervention situations of sexual abuse now investigated as yet not actually configure a process of articulation between these bodies from the perspective of ensuring rights and break the cycle of violence.
Resumo:
This thesis presents a hybrid technique of frequency selective surfaces project (FSS) on a isotropic dielectric layer, considering various geometries for the elements of the unit cell. Specifically, the hybrid technique uses the equivalent circuit method in conjunction with genetic algorithm, aiming at the synthesis of structures with response single-band and dual-band. The equivalent circuit method allows you to model the structure by using an equivalent circuit and also obtaining circuits for different geometries. From the obtaining of the parameters of these circuits, you can get the transmission and reflection characteristics of patterned structures. For the optimization of patterned structures, according to the desired frequency response, Matlab optimization tool named optimtool proved to be easy to use, allowing you to explore important results on the optimization analysis. In this thesis, numeric and experimental results are presented for the different characteristics of the analyzed geometries. For this, it was determined a technique to obtain the parameter N, which is based on genetic algorithms and differential geometry, to obtain the algebraic rational models that determine values of N more accurate, facilitating new projects of FSS with these geometries. The optimal results of N are grouped according to the occupancy factor of the cell and the thickness of the dielectric, for modeling of the structures by means of rational algebraic equations. Furthermore, for the proposed hybrid model was developed a fitness function for the purpose of calculating the error occurred in the definitions of FSS bandwidths with transmission features single band and dual band. This thesis deals with the construction of prototypes of FSS with frequency settings and band widths obtained with the use of this function. The FSS were initially reviewed through simulations performed with the commercial software Ansoft Designer , followed by simulation with the equivalent circuit method for obtaining a value of N in order to converge the resonance frequency and the bandwidth of the FSS analyzed, then the results obtained were compared. The methodology applied is validated with the construction and measurement of prototypes with different geometries of the cells of the arrays of FSS.
Resumo:
This thesis presents a hybrid technique of frequency selective surfaces project (FSS) on a isotropic dielectric layer, considering various geometries for the elements of the unit cell. Specifically, the hybrid technique uses the equivalent circuit method in conjunction with genetic algorithm, aiming at the synthesis of structures with response single-band and dual-band. The equivalent circuit method allows you to model the structure by using an equivalent circuit and also obtaining circuits for different geometries. From the obtaining of the parameters of these circuits, you can get the transmission and reflection characteristics of patterned structures. For the optimization of patterned structures, according to the desired frequency response, Matlab optimization tool named optimtool proved to be easy to use, allowing you to explore important results on the optimization analysis. In this thesis, numeric and experimental results are presented for the different characteristics of the analyzed geometries. For this, it was determined a technique to obtain the parameter N, which is based on genetic algorithms and differential geometry, to obtain the algebraic rational models that determine values of N more accurate, facilitating new projects of FSS with these geometries. The optimal results of N are grouped according to the occupancy factor of the cell and the thickness of the dielectric, for modeling of the structures by means of rational algebraic equations. Furthermore, for the proposed hybrid model was developed a fitness function for the purpose of calculating the error occurred in the definitions of FSS bandwidths with transmission features single band and dual band. This thesis deals with the construction of prototypes of FSS with frequency settings and band widths obtained with the use of this function. The FSS were initially reviewed through simulations performed with the commercial software Ansoft Designer , followed by simulation with the equivalent circuit method for obtaining a value of N in order to converge the resonance frequency and the bandwidth of the FSS analyzed, then the results obtained were compared. The methodology applied is validated with the construction and measurement of prototypes with different geometries of the cells of the arrays of FSS.
Resumo:
Many changes have taken place in contemporary society causing impacts in its different sectors, making it much more complex and insecure than in past times. The alteration on the decision-making system of the Brazilian society is among the main changes today. The post-modern context contributed to the occurrence of the transfer of state power of the Legislative and Executive Powers to the Judiciary Power, specifically to the Federal Court of Justice, leading to an expansion on the actuation range of this institution mainly through the exercise of the constitutional jurisdiction. This has caused a crisis of legitimacy in society once the Court will now decide the political and social fundamental issues. In this scenario, the Direct Action of Unconstitutionality n 3937/SP and n 3357/RS are highlighted and both are being tried by the Supreme Court. Such emphasis is given, since it is a matter of high complexity and social repercussion that will be decided by a legal institution and not a political one. Thus, this work aims to analyze the role of the Supreme Court in the context of contemporary society on the trial of complex and controversial cases, particularly on the trial of Direct Action of Unconstitutionality n 3937/SP and n 3357/RS. This study has noticed that due to the post-modern context the majority of the Supreme Court Ministers tend to base their votes in constitutional principles and no longer limit themselves to a formal review of the constitutionality of laws, which indicates a substantialist approach. Moreover, it can be noticed the deliberative potential of the Court as well as the influence of the post-modern features, such as risk, uncertainty and insecurity on the elaboration of the Ministers votes. Therefore, sometimes, such as the case in study, the Supreme Court has acted as a technocratic agent in Brazilian society once fundamental political and social decisions for society especially when it comes to complex and controversial cases are being taken by the Supreme Court, which is composed by Law technicians and such decisions are mainly based in technical data and scientific studies. For the accomplishment of this work, it has been adopted the inductive approach and monographic procedure method and the bibliographical and documentary research technique.
Resumo:
En este trabajo se discuten los aportes de la teora sociolgica contempornea al debate filosfico y cientfico de la ontologa, para ello son cotejados los componentes ontolgicos de la Teora General de Sistemas Sociales de Niklas Luhmann, lla Teora de la Accin Comunicativa de Jrgen Habermas y la Actor-Network Theory de Bruno Latour.
Resumo:
Silveira , E. J. D. et al. Leses orais com potencial de malignizao: anlise clnica e morfolgica de 205 casos. J. Bras. Patol. Med. Lab., v. 45, n. 3, p. 233-238, jun 2009. ISBN 1676-2444.
Resumo:
<p>[ES]En un problema complejo como es el reconocimiento de caras, donde se utilizan espacios de representacin de un nmero alto de dimensiones, es de gran importancia emplear toda la informacin disponible. En particular, habr casos en los que, estando el sistema de reconocimiento en funcionamiento, se acumular una gran cantidad de informacin en forma de imgenes faciales con su etiqueta asociada. En este trabajo se propone un algoritmo para utilizar esta informacin, caso de estar disponible. El algoritmo presenta la principal caracterstica de ser incremental, con lo que la e ciencia del mismo no degenera con el nmero de imgenes acumuladas...</p>
Resumo:
Nowadays, evaluation methods to measure thermal performance of buildings have been developed in order to improve thermal comfort in buildings and reduce the use of energy with active cooling and heating systems. However, in developed countries, the criteria used in rating systems to asses the thermal and energy performance of buildings have demonstrated some limitations when applied to naturally ventilated building in tropical climates. The present research has as its main objective to propose a method to evaluate the thermal performance of low-rise residential buildings in warm humid climates, through computational simulation. The method was developed in order to conceive a suitable rating system for the athermal performance assessment of such buildings using as criteria the indoor air temperature and a thermal comfort adaptive model. The research made use of the software VisualDOE 4.1 in two simulations runs of a base case modeled for two basic types of occupancies: living room and bedroom. In the first simulation run, sensitive analyses were made to identify the variables with the higher impact over the cases thermal performance. Besides that, the results also allowed the formulation of design recommendations to warm humid climates toward an improvement on the thermal performance of residential building in similar situations. The results of the second simulation run was used to identify the named Thermal Performance Spectrum (TPS) of both occupancies types, which reflect the variations on the thermal performance considering the local climate, building typology, chosen construction material and studied occupancies. This analysis generates an index named IDTR Thermal Performance Resultant Index, which was configured as a thermal performance rating system. It correlates the thermal performance with the number of hours that the indoor air temperature was on each of the six thermal comfort bands pre-defined that received weights to measure the discomfort intensity. The use of this rating system showed to be appropriated when used in one of the simulated cases, presenting advantages in relation to other evaluation methods and becoming a tool for the understanding of building thermal behavior
Resumo:
Silveira , E. J. D. et al. Leses orais com potencial de malignizao: anlise clnica e morfolgica de 205 casos. J. Bras. Patol. Med. Lab., v. 45, n. 3, p. 233-238, jun 2009. ISBN 1676-2444.
