949 resultados para LC-ESI-MS


Relevância:

80.00% 80.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

海洋生物具有产生丰富多样的次生代谢产物的能力,其中红藻门松节藻科海藻卤代次生代谢产物以其结构新颖、生物活性独特引起了天然产物化学家的重视。 本论文对海洋红藻多管藻和松节藻进行了化学成分研究,综合利用各种色谱学方法 (硅胶柱层析、反相硅胶柱层析、凝胶Sephadex LH-20柱层析、半制备高效液相色谱以及重结晶等) 和现代波谱学技术 (IR、UV、EI-MS、FAB-MS、HR-ESI-MS、CD、1H-NMR、13C-NMR、DEPT、1H-1H COSY、HSQC、HMBC等),共分离鉴定了100个化合物,发现25个新化合物。 从多管藻中分离鉴定38个化合物 (24个溴酚化合物),其中7个新化合物 (均为溴酚化合物),包括1个菲并呋喃结构溴酚 (P1), 2个二氢菲结构溴酚 (P2, P3),1个含 5,7-dihydrodibenzo[c,e]oxepine 结构溴酚 (P4)和3个简单溴酚 (P5, P6, P7)。P1 (urceolatin) 属首例报道的具有菲并呋喃结构的天然产物,从该种中分离的化合物P12 和 P13 可能是其生源合成的前体。P2和P3为第二例报道的具有二氢菲结构的溴酚化合物。 从松节藻中分离并鉴定了62 个化合物,其中18 个为溴酚类新化合物,44 个为已知化合物。化合物具有多变的取代基团,包括2 个脲基吡咯烷酮溴酚化合物 (R1, R2), 4 个γ-脲基丁酸溴酚化合物 (R3-R6),5 个酰胺溴酚化合物 (R7, R8, R9, R13, R14),1 个溴酚砜化合物 (R12), 1 个Xanthene 溴酚化合物 (R10)和5 个简单溴酚化合物 (R11, R15, R16, R17, R18)。R1、R2 是首例报道的含有脲基吡咯烷酮片段的天然产物,R10 为首次报道的溴代Xanthene 类天然产物。 对分离到的化合物进行了清除DPPH 和ABTS两种自由基活性的筛选。结果发现溴酚类天然产物具有显著的DPPH自由基清除活性,其中R3 的IC50 仅为3.3 μM, 其活性强度约为阳性对照BHT (IC50 为82.1 μM) 的24倍。另外,溴酚类天然产物对ABTS自由基有较强的清除活性,R2 的TEAC(Trolox efficency activity capacity)值为5.2 mM,约为阳性对照 (ascorbic acid, 1.02 mM) 的 5 倍。初步的构效关系研究发现,稠环分子、多羟基和邻位甲氧基等结构特点能有效增强DPPH 自由基清除活性;特殊取代基如脲基、吡咯烷酮等含有氮原子的基团,能有效增强ABTS 自由基清除活性,多羟基、溴代等结构特点也使其活性有所增强。 本研究结果丰富了海藻卤代化合物的结构类型,为多管藻和松节藻的合理利用提供了一定的科学依据。

Relevância:

80.00% 80.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

本论文对红树林植物海榄雌的化学成分进行了研究,对其中分离得到的部分化合物进行了初步的生物活性筛选。 海榄雌采自海南东寨港,样品干燥后用氯仿甲醇(1:1)浸泡提取,合并提取物,先后用石油醚、乙酸乙酯和正丁醇萃取。得到石油醚相、乙酸乙酯相、正丁醇相和水相。 各部分采用常规的硅胶柱层析、制备薄层层析、凝胶Sephadex LH-20柱层析、反相硅胶柱层析、半制备HPLC以及重结晶等手段分离得到28个化合物。利用各种现代波谱技术(IR、UV、ESI-MS、FAB-MS、HR-FAB-MS、1D-NMR、2D-NMR等),确定了其中20个化合物的结构,其中包括2个新化合物:化合物A1 2′-O-(5-phenyl-2E, 4E-pentadienoyl)mussaenosidic acid和化合物A2 2′-O-(p-methoxycinnamoyl)mussaenosidic acid,以及13个首次从海榄雌中报道的化合物。 对得到的20个化合物A1-A20进行了DPPH自由基清除活性筛选,化合物A4、A5、A6和A16表现出较好的活性,其IC50分别为9.61 μg/mL、8.55 μg/mL、11.72 μg/mL和7.73 μg/mL;化合物A13和A15表现出中等强度的DPPH自由基清除活性,其IC50分别为34.80 μg/mL和44.90 μg/mL;其他化合物只表现出微弱活性,其IC50均大于100 μg/mL;阳性对照BHT的IC50为18.00 μg/mL。 对分离得到的部分样品进行了抑菌活性测试,各样品在测试浓度下对测试菌均未表现出明显的抑菌活性。

Relevância:

80.00% 80.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

本论文采用DPPH(αα-二苯基-β-苦味酰自由基)自由基清除法和β-胡萝卜素-亚油酸氧化法对采自青岛沿海的28种海藻的粗提物进行了抗氧化活性筛选,以2,6-二叔丁基-4-甲基苯酚(BHT)、没食子酸(GA)和抗坏血酸(AscA)作为阳性对照。结果发现大多数海藻都表现了不同程度的抗氧化活性。其中,鸭毛藻Symphyocladia latiuscula的抗氧化活性最强。 鸭毛藻粗提物的乙酸乙酯相在两种方法中都表现了最强的抗氧化活性,乙酸乙酯相通过VLC被进一步分为7个组分(F1–F7)。其中F1对DPPH自由基的清除率最强,而在β-胡萝卜素-亚油酸实验中F4的抗氧化活性最强。 另外,还测定了粗提物、各相和各组分的总酚含量和还原能力。其中28种海藻粗提物的总酚含量变化范围为0.10到8.00 mg没食子酸/g海藻干重,还原能力变化范围为0.07到11.60mg抗坏血酸/g海藻干重。统计分析发现,对于粗提物和各相,抗氧化活性和总酚含量以及和还原能力都存在很强的正相关。这些结果将有助于进一步分析抗氧化活性强的海藻,从而确定活性原理。 由于鸭毛藻的抗氧化活性最强,所以对它的化学成分做进一步的调查。采用硅胶柱层析、制备薄层层析、凝胶Sephadex LH-20柱层析、反相硅胶柱层析、半制备HPLC及重结晶等手段分离得到19个化合物。运用各种现代波谱技术(IR、UV、ESI-MS、EI-MS、FAB-MS、HR-FAB-MS、1D-NMR、2D-NMR等)鉴定了它们的结构,其中包括4个新化合物:化合物S1 1-(2,3,6-三溴-4,5-二羟基苄基)-四氢吡咯-2-酮、化合物S2 1,2-双(2,3,6-三溴-4,5-二羟基苯基)乙烷、化合物S3 6-(2,3,6-三溴-4,5-二羟基苄基)-2,5-二溴-3,4-二羟基苄甲醚和化合物S4 2,3,6-三溴-4,5-二羟基苄甲砜,以及5个已知化合物和10个首次从鸭毛藻中报道的化合物。 分离到的溴酚化合物S1-S10具有显著的DPPH自由基清除活性,其IC50值在8.1-24.7 µM之间,且它们的活性是BHT(IC50 = 81.8 µM)的3.3到10倍左右。初步的构-效关系研究发现,分子中的羟基数目与活性有直接关系。

Relevância:

80.00% 80.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

海洋微生物次生代谢产物是海洋天然产物研究的重要组成部分。其中海洋真菌因其代谢可以产生大量结构新颖活性独特的化合物,已经成为天然药物的重要来源。近来已经有许多关于海洋生物内生真菌的生理活性次生代谢的报道,为寻找发现新的药物先导化合物提供了可能。本论文对一株毛壳霉属海藻内生真菌Chaetomium sp和一株红树林内生真菌的次生代谢产物的化学成分进行了研究,对其中分离得到的化合物进行了初步的生物活性筛选。 毛壳霉属海藻内生真菌Chaetomium sp.系从青岛近海采集的红藻多管藻Polysiphonia urceolate Grev中分离得到。红树林内生真菌Fs系从采自中国南海红树林植物海桑Sonneratia caseolaris中分离得到。对这两株真菌分别进行了发酵培养,对真菌培养物的菌丝体和发酵液分别用甲醇和乙酸乙脂进行提取。将提取液经减压蒸干后经HPLC检测,两部分基本相同,合并进行化学分离。 对发酵提取物采用常规的硅胶柱层析、制备薄层层析、凝胶Sephadex LH-20柱层析、反相硅胶柱层析,重结晶以及半制备高效液相色谱等分离手段,得到单体化合物。利用各种现代波谱技术(IR、UV、EI-MS、FAB-MS、HR-ESI-MS、1H-NMR、13C-NMR、DEPT、1H-1H COSY、HMQC、HMBC等),结合甲醇解等化学转化方法鉴定了其中45个化合物的结构。其中,从Chaetomium sp分离鉴定了35个化合物,其中2个为新化合物,分别为化合物EN1 (命名为Chaetopyranin)、EN2 (命名为Chaetofuranin)。从Fs中分离鉴定了10个化合物的结构,其中1个为新化合物Fs1。 对大部分分离到的单体化合物进行了细胞毒活性测试,结果显示新化合物EN1对3株细胞系SMMC-7721, HMEC和A-549具有中等细胞毒活性,IC50分别为28.5, 15.4, 39.1 μg/mL。同时一些已知化合物特别是苯甲醛类衍生物对A-549显示了较强的细胞毒活性,这些在以前文献中未见报道。

Relevância:

80.00% 80.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

本论文对两种红树林植物海漆 (Excoecaria agallocha L.) 和海桑(Sonneratia caseolaris L.)的化学成分进行了系统研究。 采用常规的硅胶柱层析、制备薄层层析、凝胶 Sephadex LH-20 柱层析、MCI柱层析、反相硅胶柱层析、半制备型 HPLC 以及重结晶等手段,从海漆 (Excoecaria agalloch L. ) 中分离得到 40 个化合物,从海桑(Sonneratia caseolaris L.)中分离得到 30 个化合物。利用各种现代波谱技术 (IR、UV、ESI-MS、EI-MS、1D-NMR、2D-NMR等) 及其化学物理性质,确定了海漆中 32 个化合物的结构,其中包括 1 个新的三萜天然产物以及 15 个首次从海漆中报道的化合物;确定了海桑中 27 个化合物的结构,其中包括 1 个新化合物和一个首次报道其碳谱数据的化合物。本文为首次报道海桑的化学成分研究。 对海漆和海桑粗提物及分离得到的部分化合物进行了抗肝癌细胞毒活性筛选,化合物S22表现出较强活性,其IC50为2.8 μg/mL;海漆和海桑粗提物及其它部分单体化合物只表现出微弱活性;阳性对照丝裂霉素C的IC50为1.1 μg/mL。 对分离得到的部分样品还进行了抗菌活性测试,各样品在测试浓度下对测试菌均未表现出明显的抗菌活性。 首次研究了海漆挥发性成分及其季节性变化。利用水蒸汽法提取了不同季节海漆的挥发性成分,通过GC-MS鉴定其化学组成,发现脂肪酸、二萜和倍半萜是海漆挥发性成分的主要组成,不同季节的挥发性成分差异较大。

Relevância:

80.00% 80.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

海洋微生物拥有丰富多样的次生代谢途径,其中海洋生物内生真菌次生代谢产物研究日益受到天然产物化学界的重视。本论文以菌丝体生物量、发酵产物重量、抗菌与细胞毒活性、薄层色谱分析结果以及高效液相色谱分析结果等为评价依据对采自青岛沿海的13株海藻内生真菌在四种液体培养基上的静置发酵产物进行了综合评价,并从中选择了黑曲霉Aspergillus niger EN-13(分离自褐藻囊藻Colpomenia sinuosa)和杂色曲霉A. versicolor EN-7(分离自褐藻鼠尾藻Sargassum thunbergii)两株真菌进行了30升规模发酵(分别采用GPYM培养基和PDB培养)和化学成分的研究,对分离得到的大部分化合物进行了初步的生物活性筛选。 发酵提取物采用常规的硅胶柱层析、反相硅胶柱层析,凝胶Sephadex LH-20柱层析、制备薄层层析、半制备高效液相色谱以及重结晶等分离手段,得到单体化合物。利用各种现代波谱技术(IR、UV、EI-MS、FAB-MS、HR-ESI-MS、1H-NMR、13C-NMR、DEPT、1H-1H COSY、HSQC、HMBC等)并结合化学方法从两种菌株发酵提取物中鉴定了55个化合物的结构。其中从菌株A. niger EN-13分离鉴定了31个化合物,发现9个新化合物,包括2个鞘酯类化合物(AN-1~2)、3个萘并-γ-吡喃酮类化合物(AN-3~5)、3个苯乙基取代的α-吡喃酮类化合物(AN-17, AN-19~20)和1个甾体Diels-Alder加成产物(AN-21),另有1个新的天然环二肽(AN-27)被分离鉴定;从菌株A. versicolor EN-7分离鉴定了24个化合物,发现2个新化合物,为蒽醌AV-12与AV-17,另外,从前一菌株(A. niger EN-13)中鉴定的2个新鞘酯类化合物(AN-1~2)在A. versicolor EN-7中也被再次分离到。 对大部分单体化合物进行了抗菌活性、DPPH自由基清除活性和细胞毒活性测试。结果显示新化合物AN-1、AN-5和AN-20具有弱或中等强度的抑制白色念珠菌生长的活性,AN-4、AN-5、AN-21显示了弱或中等强度的抑制黑曲霉生长的活性,AV-12、AV-17显示了弱的抑制大肠杆菌生长的活性。在DPPH自由基清除活性筛选中,AN-5显示了中等强度的活性,其EC50为109.3 mM,与阳性对照BHT相近(EC50为81.8 mM)。其它部分已知化合物在抗菌和DPPH自由基清除活性的筛选中也显示了弱或中等强度的活性。在针对人肝癌细胞株SMMC-7721和人肺腺癌细胞株A549的体外细胞毒活性筛选中,所测样品均未显示显著活性。

Relevância:

80.00% 80.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Oligosaccharides were prepared through mild hydrochloric acid hydrolysis of kappa-carrageenan from Kappaphycus striatum to compare the antitumor activity with carrageenan polysaccharides. Oligosaccharide fractions were isolated by gel permeation chromatography and the structure of fraction 1 (F1) was studied by using negative- ion electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), and H-1 and C-13-NMR spectrometry. The in vitro antitumor effects in three human neoplastic cell lines (KB, BGC, and Hela) of polysaccharides and F1 were investigated. The bioassay results showed that F1 exhibited relatively higher antitumor activity against the three cancer cells than polysaccharides.

Relevância:

80.00% 80.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) was used to extract homoisoflavonoids from Ophiopogon japonicus (Thunb.) Ker-Gawler. The optimization of parameters was carried out using an orthogonal test L-9 (3)(4) including pressure, temperature, dynamic extraction time and the amount of modifier. The process was then scaled up by 100 times with a preparative SFE system under the optimized conditions of 25 MPa, 55 degrees C, 4.0 h and 25% methanol as a modifier. Then crude extracts were separated and purified by high-speed counter-current chromatography (HSCCC) with a two-phase solvent system composed of n-hexane/ethyl acetate/methanol/ACN/water (1.8:1.0:1.0:1.2:1.0 v/v). There three homoisoflavonoidal compounds including methylophiopogonanone A 6-aldehydo-isoophiopogonone A, and 6-formyl-isoophiopogonanone A, were successfully isolated and purified in one step. The collected fractions were analyzed by HPLC. In each operation, 140 mg crude extracts was separated and yielded 15.3 mg of methylophiopogonanone A (96.9% purity), 4.1 mg of 6-aldehydo-isoophiopogonone A (98.3% purity) and 13.5 mg of 6-formyl-isoophiopogonanone A (97.3% purity) respectively. The chemical structure of the three homoisoflavonoids are identified by means of ESI-MS and NMR analysis.

Relevância:

80.00% 80.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

High-speed counter-current chromatography (HSCCC) technique in semi-preparative scale has been successfully applied to the separation of bioactive flavonoid compounds, liquiritigenin and isoliquiritigenin in one step from the crude extract of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Risch. The HSCCC was performed using a two-phase solvent system composed of n-hexane-ethyl acetate-methanol-acetonitrile-water (2:2:1:0.6:2, v/v). Yields of liquiritigenin (98.9% purity) and isoliquiritigenin (98.3% purity) obtained were 0.52% and 0.32%. Chemical structures of the purified liquiritigenin and isoliquiritigenin were identified by electrospray ionization-MS (ESI-MS) and NMR analysis. (c) 2005 Published by Elsevier B.V.

Relevância:

80.00% 80.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

以1-(2-萘基)-3-甲基-5-吡唑啉酮(NMP)作单糖标识剂,经在线串联的LC—ESI—MS建立了单糖衍生物的电喷雾质谱裂解方法。衍生物在质谱裂解中糖类化合物特有的规范信息。借助糖类化合物在ESI-MS条件下表现出的分子离子峰m/z[M+H]~+,及在ESI—MS/MS条件下呈现出的特征碎片离子峰m/z 473,可有效地确定出单糖类化合物的组成。尽管一些脂肪醛和芳香醛也能同时被标识,然而在质谱条件下不产生m/z473的特征碎片离子峰,且它们的洗脱远在糖类组分之后,因此不干扰糖类化合物的分离和结构确定。通过建立的LC—ESI—MS方法,对水解蜂花粉中的单糖进行了分析。结果表明:水解的蜂花粉中含甘露糖(Man)、半乳糖醛酸(GalUA)、葡萄糖醛酸(GlcUA)、鼠李糖(Rha)、葡萄糖(Glc)、半乳糖(Gal)、阿拉伯糖(Ara)、木糖(Xyl)和岩藻糖(Fuc)。本方法为环境样品中单糖类化合物的确定提供了准确、可靠的技术手段。

Relevância:

80.00% 80.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Six compounds were isolated from the 75% ethanol extract of Nitraria tangutorum seed.On the basis of spectroscopic methods including 1H NMR,13C NMR and ESI-MS and comparison with literature,their structures were elucidated as daucosterol(1),4-hydroxypipecolic acid(2),quercetin(3),allantoin(4),1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1-methyl-β-carboline-3-carboxylic acid(5) and L-tyrosine(6).Compounds 1,2,3,5 and 6 were isolated from Nitraria tangtorum for the first time.

Relevância:

80.00% 80.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

本文探讨了珠芽蓼全草的化学成分.我们利用硅胶柱多次层析分离和Sephadex LH-20纯化等方法分离得到5个化合物,经NMR,IR,HR-ESI-MS等技术及理化性质鉴定结构,5个化合物分别为β-谷甾醇(β-sitosterol,1)、胡萝卜苷(daucosterol,2)、槲皮素(quercetin,3)、6-O-没食子酰熊果苷(6-O-galloylarbutin,4)、蔗糖(sucrose,5).其中化合物3、4为首次从该植物中分离得到.

Relevância:

80.00% 80.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

A simple, sensitive, and mild method for the determination of amino compounds based on a condensation reaction with 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC-HCI) as the dehydrant with fluorescence detection has been developed. Amines were derivatized to their acidamides with labeling reagent 2-(2-phenyl-1H-phenanthro-[9,10-d]imidazole-1-yl)-acetic acid (PPIA). Studies on derivatization conditions indicated that the coupling reaction proceeded rapidly and smoothly in the presence of a base catalyst in acetonitrile to give the corresponding sensitively fluorescent derivatives with an excitation maximum at lambda(ex) 260nm and an emission maximum at lambda(em) 380nm. The labeled derivatives exhibited high stability and were enough to be efficiently analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography. Identification of derivatives was carried out by online post-column mass spectrometry (LC/APCI-MS/MS) and showed an intense protonated molecular ion corresponding m/z [MH](+) under APCI in positive-ion mode. At the same time, the fluorescence properties of derivatives in various solvents or at different temperature were investigated. The method, in conjunction with a gradient elution, offered a baseline resolution of the common amine derivatives on a reversed-phase Eclipse XDB-C-8 column. LC separation for the derivatized amines showed good reproducibility with acetonitrile-water as mobile phase. Detection limits calculated from 0.78 pmol injection, at a signal-to-noise ratio of 3, were 3.1-18.2 fmol. The mean intra- and inter-assay precision for all amine levels were < 3.85% and 2.11%, respectively. Excellent linear responses were observed with coefficients of > 0.9996. The established method for the determination of aliphatic amines from real wastewater and biological samples was satisfactory. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Relevância:

80.00% 80.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Pressurized capillary electrochromatography (pCEC) and electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) have been hyphenated for protein analysis. Taken cytochrome c, lysozyme, and insulin as samples, the limits of detection (LODs) for absolute concentrations are 10(-11) mol (signal-to-noise ratio S/N = 3) with relative standard deviations (RSDs) of retention time and peak area, respectively, of less than 1.7% and 4.8%. In order to improve the detection sensitivity, on-line concentration by field-enhanced sample-stacking effect and chromatographic zone-sharpening effect has been developed, and parameters affecting separation and detection, such as pH and electrolyte concentration in the mobile phase, separation voltage, as well as enrichment voltage and time, have been studied systematically. Under the optimized conditions, the LODs of the three proteins could be decreased up to 100-fold. In addition, the feasibility of such techniques has been further demonstrated by the analysis of modified insulins at a concentration of 20 mu g/mL.

Relevância:

80.00% 80.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

An approach for the separation and identification of components in a traditional Chinese medicine Psoralea corylifolia was developed. Ion-exchange chromatography (IEC) was applied for the fractionation of P corylifolia extract, and then followed by concentration of all the fractions with rotary vacuum evaporator. Each of the enriched fractions was then further separated on an ODS column with detection of UV absorbance and atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometer (APCI/MS), respectively, and also analyzed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/MS) with matrix of oxidized carbon nanotubes. Totally more than 188 components in P. corylifolia extract were detected with this integrated approach, and 12 of them were preliminary identified according to their UV spectra and mass spectra performed by APCI/MS and MALDI-TOF/MS. The obtained analytical results not only demonstrated the powerful resolution of integration IEC fractionation with reversed-phase liquid chromatography (RPLC)-APCI/MS and MALDI-TOF/MS for analysis of compounds in a complex sample, but also exhibited the superiority of APCI/MS and MALDI-TOF/MS for identification of low-mass compounds, such as for study of traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) and metabolome. (c) 2005 Published by Elsevier B.V.