Influence of Boundary Conditions on the Low Velocity Impact Damage Carbon Fibre Reinforced Plastic Plates (ICTWS2014-0501)

No abstract available

Experimental study on PC hollow-core slab strengthened with bamboo plates

An experimental study on strengthening prestressed concrete (PC) hollow-core slabs was conducted. Nine PC hollow-core slabs were tested, including three unstrengthened reference slabs and six slabs strengthened with bamboo plates. The results show that compared with unreinforced slabs, the cracking loads of PC hollow-core slabs strengthened with bamboo plates increase by 5% to 96% (with an average of 41%), the loads at allowable deflection increase by 8% to 76% (with an average of 35%), and the ultimate loads increase by 83% to 184% (with an average of 123%), respectively. All the degrees of improvement in the crack load, allowable load and ultimate load increase with the increase in the thickness and width of the bamboo plates. With the increase in the loads, the strain distribution along the height of the strengthened slabs at the mid-span basically remains a plan-assumption. With the increase in the thickness and width of the bamboo plates, both the bamboo tensile strain on the tensile face and the concrete compressive strain on the compression face of the strengthened slabs decrease under the same load level.

Studying Gender in Conference Talks -- data from the 223rd meeting of the American Astronomical Society

We present a study on the gender balance, in speakers and attendees, at the recent major astronomical conference, the American Astronomical Society meeting 223, in Washington, DC. We conducted an informal survey, yielding over 300 responses by volunteers at the meeting. Each response included gender data about a single talk given at the meeting, recording the gender of the speaker and all question-askers. In total, 225 individual AAS talks were sampled. We analyze basic statistical properties of this sample. We find that the gender ratio of the speakers closely matched the gender ratio of the conference attendees. The audience asked an average of 2.8 questions per talk. Talks given by women had a slightly higher number of questions asked (3.2$\pm$0.2) than talks given by men (2.6$\pm$0.1). The most significant result from this study is that while the gender ratio of speakers very closely mirrors that of conference attendees, women are under-represented in the question-asker category. We interpret this to be an age-effect, as senior scientists may be more likely to ask questions, and are more commonly men. A strong dependence on the gender of session chairs is found, whereby women ask disproportionately fewer questions in sessions chaired by men. While our results point to laudable progress in gender-balanced speaker selection, we believe future surveys of this kind would help ensure that collaboration at such meetings is as inclusive as possible.

Higher order model for analysis of magneto-electro-elastic plates

In this paper is presented an higher-order model for static and free vibration analyses of magneto-electro-elastic plates, wich allows the analysis of thin and thick plates, which allows the analysis of thin and thick plates. The finite element model is a single layer triangular plate/shell element with 24 degrees of fredom for the generalized mechanical displacements. Two degrees on freedom are introduced per each element layer, one corresponding to the electrical potential and the other for magnetic potential. Solutions are obtained for different laminations of the magneto-electro-elastic plate, as well as for the purely elastic plate as a special case.

Landscapes of the invisible: sounds, cosmologies and poetics of space

In this PhD by Publication I revisit and contextualize art works and essays I have collaboratively created under the name Flow Motion between 2004-13, in order to generate new insights on the contributions they have made to diverse and emerging fields of contemporary arts practice/research, including digital, virtual, sonic and interdisciplinary art. The works discussed comprise the digital multimedia installation and sound art performance Astro Black Morphologies/Astro Dub Morphologies (2004-5), the sound installation and performance Invisible (2006-7), the web art archive and performance presentation project promised lands (2008-10), and two related texts, Astro Black Morphologies: Music and Science Lovers (2004) and Music and Migration (2013). I show how these works map new thematic constellations around questions of space and diaspora, music and cosmology, invisibility and spectrality, the body and perception. I also show how the works generate new connections between and across contemporary avant-garde, experimental and popular music, and visual art and cinema traditions. I describe the methodological design, approaches and processes through which the works were produced, with an emphasis on transversality, deconstruction and contemporary black music forms as key tools in my collaborative artistic and textual practice. I discuss how, through the development of methods of data translation and transformation, and distinctive visual approaches for the re-elaboration of archival material, the works produced multiple readings of scientific narratives, digital X-ray data derived from astronomical research on black holes and dark energy, and musical, photographic and textual material related to historical and contemporary accounts of migration. I also elaborate on the relation between difference and repetition, the concepts of multiplicity and translation, and the processes of collective creation which characterize my/Flow Motion’s work. The art works and essays I engage with in this commentary produce an idea of contemporary art as the result of a fluid, open and mutating assemblage of diverse and hybrid methods and mediums, and as an embodiment of a cross-cultural, transversal and transdisciplinary knowledge shaped by research, process, creative dialogues, collaborative practice and collective signature.

Emission of airborne ultrafine particles during welding of steel plates

The present study is focused on the characterization of ultrafine particles emitted in welding of steel using mixtures of Ar+CO2, and intends to analyze which are the main process parameters which may have influence on the emission itself. It was found that the amount of emitted ultrafine particles (measured by particle number and alveolar deposited surface area) are clearly dependent from the distance to the welding front and also from the main welding parameters, namely the current intensity and heat input in the welding process. The emission of airborne ultrafine particles seem to increase with the current intensity as fume formation rate does. When comparing the tested gas mixtures, higher emissions are observed for more oxidant mixtures, that is, mixtures with higher CO2 content, which result in higher arc stability. The later mixtures originate higher concentrations of ultrafine particles (as measured by number of particles by cm3 of air) and higher values of alveolar deposited surface area of particles, thus resulting in a more hazardous condition regarding worker's exposure. © 2014 Sociedade Portuguesa de Materiais (SPM). Published by Elsevier España, S.L. All rights reserved.

Measurement of growth in the lichen Rhizocarpon geographicum using a new photographic technique

Lichenologists and users of lichenometry have long used calipers or photogrammetry to measure the growth of crustose lichens. Now, digital photography and popular computer software provide methodological alternatives. This thesis developed and tested a new methodology for tracking change and growth of the lichen, Rhizocarpon geographicum. Adobe Photoshop CS3 Extended software and a photographic time series (1996,2003,2006 and 2007) were used to measure thallus diameter, area, prothallus width and areolae area in 115 small R. geographicum thalli (0.53-1049.88 mm2 ). Measures of 8 diameters per thallus showed that change in diameter was highly variable and is a weak index of growth. Thallus area was a reliable measure of growth (power correlation, R2 = 0.89). Rapid, highly irregular growth occurred in small thalli «30 mm2 ), and steady, uniform growth occurred in larger thalli (>30 mm2 ). This new methodology is tedious but can potentially generate accurate and precise measures for even the tiniest of lichens.

Brass Name Plates

Two engraved brass plates. The first plate is engraved with "Mr. and Mrs. Percy Carruthers Band, Hewlett, Long Island". The second plate is engraved with "Mr. and Mrs. Percy C. Band send best wishes for Christmas and the New Year".

Receipt from W.H. Glenny Sons and Co., Buffalo, New York for plates and cups

Receipt from W.H. Glenny Sons and Co., Buffalo, New York for plates and cups, Nov. 30, 1886.

Report of the Secretary of War, communicating; in compliance witha resolution of the Senate, a map showing the operations of the army of the United States in Texas and the adjacent Mexican Stateson the Rio Grande, accompanied by astronomical observations, and descriptive and military memoirs of the country.

UANL

Comparison of 3M Petrifilm™ Staph Express, 3M Petrifilm™ Rapid Coliform and 3M Petrifilm™ Aerobic count plates with standard bacteriology of bovine milk

Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal

Age and species related variation in the development of growth plates of the knee and implications for the locomotion of Australopithecus afarensis

Comprendre l'évolution de la bipédie est un élément essentiel à la recherche en paléoanthropologie, car ce comportement est le trait le plus important utilisé pour identifier les fossiles comme appartenant à la lignée des hominines. La topographie de la surface infradiaphysaire du fémur et du tibia pourrait donner un aperçu du comportement locomoteur des espèces fossiles, mais n'a pas été étudiée de façon approfondie. Ce trait reflète directement les différences dans la locomotion, puisque la surface change de topographie pour mieux résister aux charges encourues par les mouvements réguliers. Le plan infradiaphysaire du fémur chez les humain est relativement plat, tandis que la surface est plus irrégulière chez les grands singes. Dans ce projet, les métaphyses du genou ont été étudiées d’une manière quantifiée afin de percevoir les différences entre espèces et mieux comprendre le développement ontogénique de ces traits. Les angles formés par les protrusions et les creux de ces surfaces ont été mesurés à partir de points de repère enregistrés en trois-dimensions sur les métaphyses du genou chez les humains, chimpanzés, gorilles, et orangs-outans, et chez trois fossiles Australopithecus afarensis, afin d’observer de l’effet de facteurs tel le stade de croissance et l’appartenance à une espèce sur la topographie des plaques de croissance du genou. Les angles d’obliquité du fémur et du tibia ont aussi été mesurés et analysés. Les résultats ont révélé que le stade développemental et l’appartenance à une espèce et, par association, le mode de locomotion, ont un effet significatif sur les métaphyses du genou. Il a également été constaté que les mesures d'Australopithecus afarensis chevauchent les valeurs trouvées chez les humains et chez les grands singes, ce qui suggère que cette espèce avait possiblement conservé une composante arboricole dans son comportement locomoteur habituel.

Rapport M/L de disques de galaxies issus de modèles CSPE et contrôle des contraintes mécaniques dans la conception de revêtements optiques

La thèse qui suit est organisée en deux volets: un premier volet portant sur les modèles de masse de galaxies et un second volet sur la conception de revêtements optiques et le contrôle de leurs propriétés mécaniques. Les modèles de masse présentés dans cette thèse ont été réalisés sur un sous-échantillon de dix galaxies de l'étude SINGS comprenant neuf galaxies normales et une galaxie naine. Ce travail visait à fixer le rapport masse-luminosité du disque à tout rayon en utilisant les résultats de modèles d'évolution galactique chimio-spectrophotométriques ajustés spécifiquement à chaque galaxie grâce à son profil de photométrie multi-bandes. Les résultats montrent que les disques stellaires tels que normalisés par les rapports masse-luminosité issus des modèles ont des masses cohérentes dans toutes les bandes étudiées de l'ultra-violet, du visible ainsi que du proche infrarouge (bandes FUV à IRAC2). Ces disques peuvent être considérés comme maximaux par rapport aux données cinématiques des galaxies étudiées. Ceci est dû au fait que le rapport M/L est plus élevé au centre que sur les bords. Les disques étant maximaux et physiquement justifiés, on ne peut dès lors ignorer les effets de composants tels que les bulbes ou les barres et les corrections nécessaires doivent être apportées aux profils de luminosité et de vitesses de rotation de la galaxie. Dans les travaux de la seconde partie, le logiciel en développement libre OpenFilters a été modifié afin de tenir compte des contraintes mécaniques dans la conception numérique de revêtements optiques. Les contraintes mécaniques dans les couches minces ont un effet délétère sur leurs performances optiques. Un revêtement destiné à rendre réflectives les lames d'un étalon Fabry-Perot utilisé en astronomie a été conçu et fabriqué afin d'évaluer les performances réelles de la méthode. Ce cas a été choisi à cause de la diminution de la finesse d'un étalon Fabry-Perot apporté par la courbure des lames sous l'effet des contraintes. Les résultats montrent que les mesures concordent avec les modèles numériques et qu'il est donc possible à l'aide de ce logiciel d'optimiser les revêtements pour leur comportement mécanique autant que pour leurs propriétés optiques.

Investigations on Structural response of Water Backed Perforated plates

The study envisaged herein contains the numerical investigations on Perforated Plate (PP) as well as numerical and experimental investigations on Perforated Plate with Lining (PPL) which has a variety of applications in underwater engineering especially related to defence applications. Finite element method has been adopted as the tool for analysis of PP and PPL. The commercial software ANSYS has been used for static and free vibration response evaluation, whereas ANSYS LS-DYNA has been used for shock analysis. SHELL63, SHELL93, SOLID45, SOLSH190, BEAM188 and FLUID30 finite elements available in the ANSYS library as well as SHELL193 and SOLID194 available in the ANSYS LS-DYNA library have been made use of. Unit cell of the PP and PPL which is a miniature of the original plate with 16 perforations have been used. Based upon the convergence characteristics, the utility of SHELL63 element for the analysis of PP and PPL, and the required mesh density are brought out. The effect of perforation, geometry and orientation of perforation, boundary conditions and lining plate are investigated for various configurations. Stress concentration and deflection factor are also studied. Based on these investigations, stadium geometry perforation with horizontal orientation is recommended for further analysis.Linear and nonlinear static analysis of PP and PPL subjected to unit normal pressure has been carried out besides the free vibration analysis. Shock analysis has also been carried out on these structural components. The analytical model measures 0.9m x 0.9m with stiffener of 0.3m interval. The influence of finite element, boundary conditions, and lining plate on linear static response has been estimated and presented. Comparison of behavior of PP and PPL in the nonlinear strain regime has been made using geometric nonlinear analysis. Free vibration analysis of the PP and PPL has been carried out ‘in vacuum’ condition and in water backed condition, and the influence of water backed condition and effect of perforation on natural frequency have been investigated.Based upon the studies on the vibration characteristics of NPP, PP and PPL in water backed condition and ‘in vacuum’ condition, the reduction in the natural frequency of the plate in immersed condition has been rightly brought out. The necessity to introduce the effect of water medium in the analysis of water backed underwater structure has been highlighted.Shock analysis of PP and PPL for three explosives viz., PEK, TNT and C4 has been carried out and deflection and stresses on plate as well as free field pressure have been estimated using ANSYS LS-DYNA. The effect of perforations and the effect of lining plate have been predicted. Experimental investigations of the measurement of free field pressure using PPL have been conducted in a shock tank. Free field pressure has been measured and has been validated with finite element analysis results. Besides, an experiment has been carried out on PPL, for the comparison of the static deflection predicted by finite element analysis.The distribution of the free field pressure and the estimation of differential pressure from experimentation and the provision for treating the differential pressure as the resistance, as a part of the design load for PPL, has been brought out.