967 resultados para ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE
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Pós-graduação em Microbiologia - IBILCE
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Pós-graduação em Biologia Geral e Aplicada - IBB
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas - FCFAR
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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A vigilância dos sorovares de Salmonella em ambientes aquáticos constitui um dos principais elementos do monitoramento das infecções humanas e animais. Foram analisadas 694 amostas de águas de diferentes origens (rio, igarapé, baía, praias, lago, poço, nascente, abastecimento, córrego, drenagem e esgoto) procedentes de 11 municípios do Estado do Pará, e de 212 (30,5%) amostras foram isoladas 2.115 cepas de 91 sorovares de Salmonella. Foram identificados 77 sorovares de Salmonella do total de 1.300 isolamentos de água doce e esgoto no município de Belém, destacando os sorovares S. Saintpaul, S. Panama, S. Muenster, S. Hadar e S. Agona. Na Floresta Nacional de Caxiuanã, 69,4% das amostras de águas foram positivas para Salmonella e 17 sorovares foram identificados, sendo S. Panama, S. Miami e S. Gaminara os mais freqüentes. Dentre os isolados de Salmonella dos ambientes aquáticos, 64,8% foram resistentes às drogas, com especial destaque para a estreptomicina (97,1%) e a tetraciclina (10,8%). Ocorreu distribuição uniforme quanto a presença de Salmonella e coliformes termotolerantes em águas superficiais e subterrâneas, porém em 10 situações positivas para Salmonella não foi possível isolar E.coli. O meio de enriquecimento Rappaport-Vassiliadis foi mais eficiente do que o Selenito Cistina para o isolamento de Salmonella quando mantido a 42,5ºC. Os sorovares isolados em esgoto foram os mesmos obtidos a partir de coproculturas humanas no mesmo período. Os resultados mostram a grande disseminação/dispersão da Salmonella em ecossistemas aquáticos no Estado do Pará e o risco potencial à saúde da população humana.
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Given the spread of antibiotic resistance in bacterial pathogens, antimicrobial peptides that can also modulate the immune response may be a novel approach for effectively controlling periodontal infections. In the present study, we used a three-dimensional (3D) co-culture model of gingival epithelial cells and fibroblasts stimulated with Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to investigate the anti-inflammatory properties of human beta-defensin-3 (hBD-3) and cathelicidin (LL-37) and to determine whether these antimicrobial peptides can act in synergy. The 3D co-culture model composed of gingival fibroblasts embedded in a collagen matrix overlaid with gingival epithelial cells had a synergistic effect with respect to the secretion of IL-6 and IL-8 in response to LPS stimulation compared to fibroblasts and epithelial cells alone. The 3D co-culture model was stimulated with non-cytotoxic concentrations of hBD-3 (10 and 20 mu M) and LL-37 (0.1 and 0.2 mu M) individually and in combination in the presence of A. actinomycetemcomitans LPS. A multiplex ELISA assay was used to quantify the secretion of 41 different cytokines. hBD-3 and LL-37 acted in synergy to reduce the secretion of GRO-alpha, G-CSF, IP-10, IL-6, and MCP-1, but only had an additive effect on reducing the secretion of IL-8 in response to A. actinomycetemcomitans LPS stimulation. The present study showed that hBD-3 acted in synergy with LL-37 to reduce the secretion of cytokines by an LPS-stimulated 3D model of gingival mucosa. This combination of antimicrobial peptides thus shows promising potential as an adjunctive therapy for treating inflammatory periodontitis.
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Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FMVZ
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FMVZ
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Goat breeding in Sardinia constitutes an important source of income for farming and shepherding activities. In this study 170 LAB strains were isolated from Sardinian goat's milk and tested for bacteriocins production against several food-borne pathogenic microorganisms. Four isolates (SD1, SD2, SD3 and SD4) were selected for their effective inhibition on Listeria monocytogenes. The strains were classified as members of Enterococcus genus, according to their biochemical and physiological characteristics, and then genetically identified as Enterococcus faecium. In MRS broth at 37 degrees C, bacteriocins SD1 and SD2 were produced at much higher levels (51200 AU/ml) compared to bacteriocin SD3 (3200 AU/ml) and bacteriocin SD4 (800 AU/ml). Their peptides were inactivated by proteolytic enzymes, but not when treated with alpha-amylase, catalase and lipase. The four bacteriocins remained stable at pH from 2.0 to 12.0, after exposure to 100 degrees C for 120 min and were not affected by the presence of surfactants and salts (N-Laourylsarcosine, NaCl, SDS, Triton X-100, Tween 20, Tween 80 and urea). Their molecular size was determined to be approximately 5 kDa by tricine-SDS-PAGE. Since the strains exhibited a strong antimicrobial activity against 21 L monocytogenes strains and 6 Salmonella spp. isolates, they should be considered as potential bio-preservatives cultures for fermented food productions. Moreover, due to their technological features, the four strains could be taken in account for using as adjunct NSLAB (non-starter lactic acid bacteria) rather than as starter culture. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.