Praxiologia motriz aliada ao treinamento de estudantes nos jogos esportivos coletivos

O treinamento é muito praticado na atualidade, principalmente quando é utilizado para os Jogos Esportivos Coletivos, porém é muito criticado pela forma como é proposto para os alunos em ambas as instituiçoes onde o treinamento existe, mas principalmente na escola. A Praxiologia Motriz é uma importante teoria que pode se aliar a essa prática, os estudos já mostram que essa teoria de Pierre Parlebas vem se difundindo cada vez mais, e já vem sendo muito estudada. Existem estudos que mostram que a Praxiologia Motriz aliada ao treinamento dos Jogos Esportivos Coletivos, auxilia muito na busca pelo objetivo, pois ela nao considera apenas a parte física, técnica e tática, e sim o pensamento cognitivo do aluno/atleta, através das relaçoes de interaçoes, das condutas e da forma como defende que o trabalho seja realizado no treinamento. Com isso queremos apresentar uma relaçao entre Praxiologia Motriz e Treinamento dos Jogos Esportivos Coletivos

The effect of changing the built environment on physical activity: a quantitative review of the risk of bias in natural experiments.

BACKGROUND:
Evidence regarding the association of the built environment with physical activity is influencing policy recommendations that advocate changing the built environment to increase population-level physical activity. However, to date there has been no rigorous appraisal of the quality of the evidence on the effects of changing the built environment. The aim of this review was to conduct a thorough quantitative appraisal of the risk of bias present in those natural experiments with the strongest experimental designs for assessing the causal effects of the built environment on physical activity.

METHODS:
Eligible studies had to evaluate the effects of changing the built environment on physical activity, include at least one measurement before and one measurement of physical activity after changes in the environment, and have at least one intervention site and non-intervention comparison site. Given the large number of systematic reviews in this area, studies were identified from three exemplar systematic reviews; these were published in the past five years and were selected to provide a range of different built environment interventions. The risk of bias in these studies was analysed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Assessment Tool: for Non-Randomized Studies of Interventions (ACROBAT-NRSI).

RESULTS:
Twelve eligible natural experiments were identified. Risk of bias assessments were conducted for each physical activity outcome from all studies, resulting in a total of fifteen outcomes being analysed. Intervention sites included parks, urban greenways/trails, bicycle lanes, paths, vacant lots, and a senior citizen's centre. All outcomes had an overall critical (n = 12) or serious (n = 3) risk of bias. Domains with the highest risk of bias were confounding (due to inadequate control sites and poor control of confounding variables), measurement of outcomes, and selection of the reported result.

CONCLUSIONS:
The present review focused on the strongest natural experiments conducted to date. Given this, the failure of existing studies to adequately control for potential sources of bias highlights the need for more rigorous research to underpin policy recommendations for changing the built environment to increase physical activity. Suggestions are proposed for how future natural experiments in this area can be improved.

Iowa Statewide Recreational Trails Plan, 1990

The Iowa Statewide Recreational Trails Plan was developed in response to the State Legislature's recognition of the increased public demand for quality outdoor recreational facilities and the numerous benefits associated with the development and usage of trail systems. The plan presents a statewide trails system that will serve as a basis for trail planning efforts throughout the state. Included are design guidelines for each of the major trail modes contained within the plan including bike, hiking, cross-country skiing, snowmobiling, off-road vehicles, and equestrian, as well as for locating trails within the highway right-of-way. Also included are estimates of implementation costs and financing alternatives. This report contains the complete plan. Separately bound documents include the Executive Summary and two additional appendices: (1) Trails Plan Resource Inventory and (2) Summary of Public Comments and Summary of Technical Advisory Committee Comments.

Socioeconomic Status and Health Behavior in Nepal

Thesis (Master's)--University of Washington, 2016-07

Mobilidade sustentável : interação entre veículos motorizados e utentes vulneráveis da via pública

O automóvel tem sido nas últimas décadas o principal meio de transporte para a realização de deslocações diárias. Este é um panorama tanto a nível Nacional como Europeu e deve-se ao crescimento económico e aos investimentos centrados em infraestruturas rodoviárias. A organização das atividades e o planeamento nos meios urbanos está, muitas vezes, projetada em função do automóvel e pouco preparado para outras formas de mobilidade, nomeadamente para peões e ciclistas. Existe uma necessidade de mudança deste panorama e a necessidade de uma sociedade que privilegie os modos de transporte suave. No entanto, surge a necessidade de garantir a segurança dos utentes mais vulneráveis da via pública. Esta dissertação de Mestrado tem como principal objetivo analisar de que forma a sinistralidade viária para peões e ciclistas tem evoluído nas freguesias abrangidas pela atividade da Polícia de Segurança Pública (PSP) de Aveiro e quais as principais dificuldades que estes enfrentam nas suas deslocações diárias. Para alcançar este objetivo foram analisados dados de sinistralidade viária fornecidos pela PSP do comando distrital de Aveiro que envolviam a interação de veículos motorizados e utentes vulneráveis da via pública (peões ou ciclistas). Numa segunda fase foi elaborado um inquérito, com o objetivo de perceber as principais dificuldades encontradas pelos utentes da Universidade que privilegiam os modos de deslocação suave nas suas viagens diárias. Este estudo revelou que para a área em estudo, no concelho de Aveiro, o número de acidentes que envolvem a interação de veículos motorizados com utentes vulneráveis da via pública aumentou 5% de 2012 a 2013 e 4% de 2013 a 2014. Os utentes com idades superiores a 55 anos revelaram-se os mais vulneráveis, não só em termos de número de ocorrências mas também na gravidade de lesões, representando 50% de mortes e feridos graves, Em termos de atropelamento de peões existe uma forte tendência para peões do sexo feminino (73%), em oposição ao perfil do condutor atropelante onde 69% são do sexo masculino Em relação a acidentes envolvendo ciclistas, 68% dos lesados são do sexo masculino. Uma possível explicação poderá consistir numa maior utilização de bicicletas por parte dos mesmos, como foi comprovado na amostra recolhida no inquérito, mas não existem mais estatísticas em Aveiro sobre a distribuição por género dos utilizadores de bicicleta. Do inquérito efetuado conclui-se que os principais problemas encontrados pelos utentes inquiridos são, à semelhança de peões e ciclistas, a falta de sensibilização dos automobilistas e as condições meteorológicas. Em terceiro lugar encontra-se, para os peões, o aumento do risco de atos de vandalismo e assaltos e, para os ciclistas, a falta de vias dedicadas. Por outro lado, as principais motivações são, tanto para peões como para ciclistas, o custo reduzido ou nulo e a facilidade de locomoção.

A Stationless Bikeshare Proof of Concept for College Campuses

Bikeshares promote healthy lifestyles and sustainability among commuters, casual riders, and tourists. However, the central pillar of modern systems, the bike station, cannot be easily integrated into a compact college campus. Fixed stations lack the flexibility to meet the needs of college students who make quick, short-distance trips. Additionally, the necessary cost of implementing and maintaining each station prohibits increasing the number of stations for user convenience. Therefore, the team developed a stationless bikeshare based on a smartlock permanently attached to bicycles in the system. The smartlock system design incorporates several innovative approaches to provide usability, security, and reliability that overcome the limitations of a station centered design. A focus group discussion allowed the team to receive feedback on the early lock, system, and website designs, identify improvements and craft a pleasant user experience. The team designed a unique, two-step lock system that is intuitive to operate while mitigating user error. To ensure security, user access is limited through near field ii communications (NFC) technology connected to a mechatronic release system. The said system relied on a NFC module and a servo working through an Arduino microcontroller coded in the Arduino IDE. To track rentals and maintain the system, each bike is fitted with an XBee module to communicate with a scalable ZigBee mesh network. The network allows for bidirectional, real-time communication with a Meteor.js web application, which enables user and administrator functions through an intuitive user interface available on mobile and desktop. The development of an independent smartlock to replace bike stations is essential to meet the needs of the modern college student. With the goal of creating a bikeshare that better serves college students, Team BIKES has laid the framework for a system that is affordable, easily adaptable, and implementable on any university expressing an interest in bringing a bikeshare to its campus.

Development of a real time Image analysis system for traffic monitoring applications.

Image processing offers unparalleled potential for traffic monitoring and control. For many years engineers have attempted to perfect the art of automatic data abstraction from sequences of video images. This paper outlines a research project undertaken at Napier University by the authors in the field of image processing for automatic traffic analysis. A software based system implementing TRIP algorithms to count cars and measure vehicle speed has been developed by members of the Transport Engineering Research Unit (TERU) at the University. The TRIP algorithm has been ported and evaluated on an IBM PC platform with a view to hardware implementation of the pre-processing routines required for vehicle detection. Results show that a software based traffic counting system is realisable for single window processing. Due to the high volume of data required to be processed for full frames or multiple lanes, system operations in real time are limited. Therefore specific hardware is required to be designed. The paper outlines a hardware design for implementation of inter-frame and background differencing, background updating and shadow removal techniques. Preliminary results showing the processing time and counting accuracy for the routines implemented in software are presented and a real time hardware pre-processing architecture is described.

Preliminary design of a prestressed concrete viaduct

O presente Trabalho Final de Mestrado consiste na elaboração de um Estudo Prévio de um viaduto rodoviário, em betão armado pré-esforçado. O viaduto, com tabuleiro em laje vigada, é constituído por 10 tramos, prevendo-se que seja construído tramo a tramo, com juntas de betonagem a quintos de vão. A plataforma do viaduto é constituída por duas vias de tráfego com 3.5m cada, duas bermas de 1.00 m e dois passeios laterais com 1.10 m cada, perfazendo uma largura total de 11.20. O viaduto localiza-se em Polónia e foi dimensionado de acordo com os Eurocódigos e os Anexos Nacionais desse país.

A cena contemporânea aos pedaços : observação de um experimento pedagógico

We try to relate this research with other logic, to discover a path of practical approach to approach a creation composed of fragments and a search of parameters for the aesthetics of appropriation. Accordingly, we find relationship with the theater composed of fragments, where different styles are appropriate theatrical and representational styles are merged with each other. Discusses in the first chapter on the theater composed of fragments, and stroll through lanes of the strategies of some directors in the ways of the contemporary scene. In the second chapter we seek procedures and concepts of atmosphere Mikhail Tchekhov (TCHEKHOV, 1996), and the transition from point-to-point by Scott McCloud (2005). In the third part we describe the observation of the experiment conducted by the students of the Bachelor's Degree in Regional Theatre at the University of Cariri in Juazeiro, Ceará, in 2010. Using the methodology of "pesquisa-ação", observing that the scenic writing end of the experiment, called "Toque Me", and the presentation in the cities of Crato and Barbalha, in August 2010, contained elements of the strategies from theater fragmentary scenes and conceptual contents of contemporary theater

Relationship between waist circumference and sagittal abdominal diameter measured at different anatomical sites and inflammatory biomarkers in apparently health men

Introduction: Visceral fat accumulation is associated with several changes, such as, increased production of inflammatory biomarkers, especially, C-reactive protein (CRP) and fibrinogen. Anthropometric measurements for central adiposity evaluation, such as, waist circumference (WC) and sagittal abdominal diameter (SAD) have been highlighted. However, there is no consensus on the best anatomical site for measurement. Objective: To evaluate the reliability of different measurements of WC and SAD and verify their capacity to discriminate changes in inflammatory biomarkers. Method: 130 men (20-59 years) were assessed, having measurements of weight, height, WC and SAD. It was considered as the cutoff point for high-sensitivity CRP (hs-CRP) values ≥ 0.12 mg/dL and for fibrinogen the 50th percentile of the evaluated sample. Results: All measurements presented an intraclass correlation coefficient between 0.998 and 0.999. WC measured at the umbilical level (AUC=0.693±0.049) and the smallest circumference between the thorax and the hips (AUC=0.607±0.050) had greater ability to discriminate changes in concentrations of hs-CRP and fibrinogen, respectively. SAD (umbilical level) showed the better ability to detect changes in concentrations of hs-CRP (AUC=0.698± 0.049) and fibrinogen (AUC=0.625±0.049), according to the ROC analysis (p<0.05). Conclusion: WC (smallest circumference between the thorax and the hips) and SAD (umbilical level) are the anatomic sites of measurement for use in predicting the inflammatory risk in apparently health men.

TRAFFIC IMPACT ANALYSIS OF SEVERAL DYNAMIC LANE MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES FOR CONGESTION MITIGATION BASED ON DTA MODEL

Persistent daily congestion has been increasing in recent years, particularly along major corridors during selected periods in the mornings and evenings. On certain segments, these roadways are often at or near capacity. However, a conventional Predefined control strategy did not fit the demands that changed over time, making it necessary to implement the various dynamical lane management strategies discussed in this thesis. Those strategies include hard shoulder running, reversible HOV lanes, dynamic tolls and variable speed limit. A mesoscopic agent-based DTA model is used to simulate different strategies and scenarios. From the analyses, all strategies aim to mitigate congestion in terms of the average speed and average density. The largest improvement can be found in hard shoulder running and reversible HOV lanes while the other two provide more stable traffic. In terms of average speed and travel time, hard shoulder running is the most congested strategy for I-270 to help relieve the traffic pressure.

Image summarisation: human action description from static images

Dissertação de Mestrado, Processamento de Linguagem Natural e Indústrias da Língua, Faculdade de Ciências Humanas e Sociais, Universidade do Algarve, 2014

2ª Circular

Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Arquitectura com Especialização em Gestão Urbanística, apresentada na Universidade de Lisboa - Faculdade de Arquitectura.

A cena contemporânea aos pedaços : observação de um experimento pedagógico

We try to relate this research with other logic, to discover a path of practical approach to approach a creation composed of fragments and a search of parameters for the aesthetics of appropriation. Accordingly, we find relationship with the theater composed of fragments, where different styles are appropriate theatrical and representational styles are merged with each other. Discusses in the first chapter on the theater composed of fragments, and stroll through lanes of the strategies of some directors in the ways of the contemporary scene. In the second chapter we seek procedures and concepts of atmosphere Mikhail Tchekhov (TCHEKHOV, 1996), and the transition from point-to-point by Scott McCloud (2005). In the third part we describe the observation of the experiment conducted by the students of the Bachelor's Degree in Regional Theatre at the University of Cariri in Juazeiro, Ceará, in 2010. Using the methodology of "pesquisa-ação", observing that the scenic writing end of the experiment, called "Toque Me", and the presentation in the cities of Crato and Barbalha, in August 2010, contained elements of the strategies from theater fragmentary scenes and conceptual contents of contemporary theater

The effect of dual-task difficulty on the inhibition of the motor cortex

Dual-tasking is intrinsic to many daily activities, including walking and driving. However, the activity of the primary motor cortex (M1) in response to dual-tasks (DT) is still not well characterised. A recent meta-analysis (Corp in Neurosci Biobehav Rev 43:74-87, 2014) demonstrated a reduction in M1 inhibition during dual-tasking, yet responses were not consistent between studies. It was suggested that DT difficulty might account for some of this between-study variability. The aim of this study was to investigate whether corticospinal excitability and M1 inhibition differed between an easier and more difficult dual-task. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) was applied to participants' abductor pollicis brevis muscle representation during a concurrent pincer grip task and stationary bike-riding. The margin of error in which to maintain pincer grip force was reduced to increase task difficulty. Compared to ST conditions, significantly increased M1 inhibition was demonstrated for the easier, but not more difficult, DT. However, there was no significant difference in M1 inhibition between easy and difficult DTs. The difference in difficulty between the two tasks may not have been wide enough to result in significant differences in M1 inhibition. Increased M1 inhibition for the easy DT condition was in opposition to the reduction in M1 inhibition found in our meta-analysis (Corp in Neurosci Biobehav Rev 43:74-87, 2014). We propose that this may be partially explained by differences in the timing of the TMS pulse between DT studies.